High Speed Data Compression Using FPGA

Abstract

Efficient data compression is critical in modern digital systems to optimize storage and transmission bandwidth, especially in real-time applications. FieldProgrammable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) provide high-speed, hardware-accelerated solutions for data compression, offering parallel processing capabilities and reduced latency. This paper explores FPGA-based implementations of Run-Length Encoding (RLE) and Delta Encoding, two widely used lossless compression techniques. Performance is analyzed in terms of resource utilization, compression efficiency, power consumption, and scalability using the Xilinx Spartan-6 FPGA. Our results demonstrate that Delta Encoding achieves higher clock frequencies and lower power consumption, making it suitable for incremental data applications. In contrast, RLE excels in compressing redundant data sequences but has higher implementation complexity and variable throughput. The comparative study highlights the tradeoffs between these two methods and provides insights into their suitability for FPGA-based data compression in resourceconstrained environments. © 2025 IEEE.