Chromogenic Chemosensor for Simultaneous Detection of PO43? and CO32? Anions in Organo-Aqueous Solutions: Application in Arduino Based Electronic Color Sensor Device and Logic Gate

Abstract

Three new chromogenic receptors have been synthesized with the primary objective of facilitating the selective recognition of PO<inf>4</inf>3?and CO<inf>3</inf>2? ions in an organo-aqueous medium. R1 and R2 exhibit an extraordinary detection limit aligning with both EPA and WHO guidelines. R1 shows LOD of 0.135 ppm for PO<inf>4</inf>3? and 0.175 ppm for CO<inf>3</inf>2?, while R2 sets forth a LOD of 0.427 ppm for PO<inf>4</inf>3? and 0.729 ppm for CO<inf>3</inf>2?. The binding mechanism involves intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) band are substantiated by comprehensive studies that include UV-Vis titration, 1H-NMR titration, DFT studies and electrochemical studies. Chemosensors were employed in the formulation of logic gate, the fabrication of a paper strip test kit and its application in RGB color sensor device. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.