Faculty Publications
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Publications by NITK Faculty
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Item Evaluating the reliability of open-source hydrodynamic models in flood inundation mapping: an exhaustive approach over a sensitive coastal catchment(Elsevier, 2024) Thakur, D.A.; Suryawanshi, V.; Ramesh, H.; Prakash Mohanty, M.P.Recently, the frequency and severity of flooding events have escalated, underscoring the urgent requirement for effective flood management strategies. Comprehensive flood inundation mapping and the precise identification of flood-prone areas are indispensable tools in this endeavor. In the current research, the Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) version 6.3 software was employed to create inundation maps and delineate areas at risk of flooding for the Netravati-Gurupura River basins. Flood flows for various years have been simulated across the river basin, with terrain characteristics derived from the 30-m spatial resolution Shuttle Radar Topography Mission digital elevation model. The simulation of flow within the model was conducted using daily discharge data, with the model being calibrated at an optimal Manning's roughness coefficient value of n = 0.032. The calibration process was carried out by performance metrics, including the coefficient of determination, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, and the index of agreement, to ensure precision and reliability in the model's outputs. The outcomes of the model simulation provided depth, velocity, and water surface elevation data, from which potential flood-prone zones were identified. Model performance validation was conducted for the flood events of 2007 and 2014, revealing that the results of the statistical parameters fell within the anticipated range. This study demonstrated that flood events could be effectively simulated using the HEC-RAS two-dimensional model, enabling the identification of flood-prone areas. This research underscores the pivotal role of open-source hydrodynamic modeling in enhancing our predictive capabilities and preparedness for flood events. This approach not only optimizes resource allocation for flood defense infrastructure but also informs the strategic planning of land use, minimizing potential flood damage and bolstering environmental and societal well-being. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved including those for text and data mining AI training and similar technologies.Item Assessing the dynamics of groundwater recharge in Netravathi river basin: A comprehensive study utilizing water table fluctuation and empirical equations(Elsevier, 2025) Suryawanshi, V.; H, R.; T, N.Water must flow downward to reach the water table and recharge the reservoir in groundwater systems. Rainfall penetrates the unsaturated zone in the soil and seeps into the groundwater table. An investigation was conducted to analyze the process of replenishing groundwater in the Netravathi basin, located in Karnataka, India. The study utilized rainfall data collected between the years 2008 and 2018. A total of 60 monitoring wells were examined, uncovering a maximum groundwater replenishment of 2.21 BMC in 2009. Analysis of 11 years of rainfall data revealed that 2009 experienced the largest annual recharge, totaling 3956.75mm. Chaturvedi, Krishna Rao, and Kumar & Seethapathi used empirical equations to estimate groundwater recharge. The year 2009 had the greatest values for groundwater recharge according to all the calculations. It is worth mentioning that Krishna Rao's method shown superior performance compared to other methods in southern India. This research contributes to improving local groundwater management by providing geographical validation. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item Geospatial and Hydrogeochemical Insights for Monitoring Water Quality and Salinity in Coastal Regions of Southern Karnataka, India(Springer Science+Business Media, 2025) Suryawanshi, V.; Ramesh, H.; Nasar, T.Coastal areas face significant challenges due to the depletion of groundwater and seawater intrusion into freshwater aquifers. Additionally, insufficient monitoring of freshwater quality is a major concern for consumers. In Karnataka’s Dakshina Kannada district, groundwater is crucial for meeting the needs of the community, industry, and agriculture. This study investigates the impact of excessive use, human activities, and agricultural chemicals on groundwater quality, with a focus on the hydrogeochemistry of the Natravathi and Gurapura catchments. The study analyzed 32 groundwater samples collected seasonally from 2021 to 2022 for 18 physiochemical parameters. The Water Quality Index (WQI) was determined using factors such as pH, Dissolved Solids, Oxidatio Reduction Potentisl, Electrical Conductivity, Total Hardness, Total Dissolved Solids, Calcium, Chlorides, Potassium, and Sodium. WQI scores ranged from 0 to 52 post-monsoon and 0 to 42 pre-monsoon. An ArcGIS-based spatial distribution map was created to show temporal changes in groundwater quality. Post monsoon measurements showed significant cations ranging from 4.25 to 64.54 mg/l, calcium from 40 to 520 mg/l, chloride from 40 to 200 mg/l, and potassium from − 8.05 to 15.44 mg/l. Pre-monsoon measurements indicated sodium levels from 28 to 208 mg/l, calcium from 240 to 840 mg/l, chloride from 19.99 to 159.9 mg/l, and potassium from 0 to 61.79 mg/l. WQI results for the post-monsoon season showed 36% of sampling sites as excellent, 52% good, 8% poor, and 4% very poor, while pre-monsoon results indicated 13% excellent, 46% good, and 42% poor. The research reveals higher toxin concentrations in drinking water during pre monsoon period compared to post monsoon, with increased salinity in freshwater aquifers making the water unsuitable for consumption. © 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Groundwater Quality Evaluation In The Gurupura River Basin Using GIS and Remote Sensing Approach(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Suryawanshi, V.; Ramesh, H.; Nasar, T.The objective of this study was to assess the quality of groundwater resources in the Gurupura basin, located in Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka, India, specifically for domestic and drinking purposes. To achieve this, various water quality analysis techniques were employed, such as the water quality index (Brown's 1970), spatial groundwater evaluation using GIS-based interpolation, and multivariate statistical analysis. Physiochemical parameters of groundwater samples were analyzed on-site both before and after the monsoon season of 2021. The findings of the study indicate that the groundwater quality deteriorates during the pre-monsoon period, primarily due to a decline in the groundwater table and the presence of salinity in coastal wells. However, in the post-monsoon period, the groundwater quality significantly improves and is deemed pure and suitable for both drinking and domestic purposes. © 2023 IEEE.Item Integrated Ecological River Health Assessment of Netravathi Basin Based on Physiochemical and Hydrochemical Analysis(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Suryawanshi, V.; Ramesh, H.; Nasar, T.River health assessment is critical, and it is essential to monitor the river's quality and health condition. Because most rivers are drying up and becoming polluted as a result of a lack of assessment and regular maintenance, all major elements of a riverine system, such as aquatic flora and fauna, water quality, habitat, hydrology, the physical shape of the channel, and other geomorphological elements, should be considered and included in it. The objective of this research is to assess the health of the Netravathi River using physiochemical parameters. River Netravathi is the only freshwater resource in Mangalore's coastal metropolis. The river flows 103 km from its point of origin to Mangalore city, with catchment area of 3657 Km2. To assess river health, seven physical parameters were measured seasonally at the river site, and laboratory testing of river water samples for eight chemical parameters have been carried out. Rivers are essential to the life and survival of many plant and animal species. The discharge of sewage, industrial effluents, municipal solid waste, agricultural waste all of which impact the water quality carried by river flow. According to the findings, the health of the River Netravathi is considerably better in the post-monsoon season than in the pre-monsoon season, because the river becomes dry in most sections of the district and the flow of river water drops dramatically. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.