Faculty Publications
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Item Properties of ZnO:Bi thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique(Elsevier Ltd, 2013) Sadananda Kumar, N.; Bangera, K.V.; Anandan, C.; Shivakumar, G.K.Undoped and Bi doped zinc oxide thin films were deposited on glass substrate at 450 °C using spray pyrolysis technique. The X-ray diffraction studies shows that Bi doped ZnO films are polycrystalline hexagonal structure with a preferred orientation along (101) direction. Crystallites size of the films decreases with increasing doping concentration. Scanning electron microscope image shows change in the surface morphology. The composition of Zn, O and Bi elements in the undoped and Bi doped ZnO films were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Bi doped ZnO thin films show a transparency nearly 75% in the visible region. The optical band gap of ZnO thin films reduces from 3.25 eV to 3.12 eV with an increase in Bi concentration from 0 to 5at.% respectively. Electrical conductivity of ZnO thin films increased from 0.156 to 6.02S/cm with increasing Bi dopant concentration from 0% to 5% respectively. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Effect of annealing on the properties of Bi doped ZnO thin films grown by spray pyrolysis technique(Academic Press, 2014) Sadananda Kumar, N.; Bangera, K.V.; Shivakumar, G.K.The effect of annealing temperature on the structural, optical and electrical properties of transparent and conducting Bi doped ZnO (BZO) films deposited on glass substrate by spray pyrolysis technique was investigated. The BZO thin films were annealed in the temperature range from 450 °C to 550°C for 4 h in air atmosphere. The grain size of the BZO films increased with increasing annealing temperature. The annealed BZO films were electrically stable and there was a drastic change in the electrical conductivity after annealing. The films annealed at 500°C showed better conductivity and optical transmittance. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Effect of annealing on the properties of zinc oxide nanofiber thin films grown by spray pyrolysis technique(Springer Nature, 2014) Sadananda Kumar, N.; Bangera, K.V.; Shivakumar, G.K.Zinc oxide nanofiber thin films have been deposited on glass substrate by spray pyrolysis technique. The X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the films are polycrystalline with the hexagonal structure and a preferred orientation along (002) direction for films annealed for 1 h at 450 °C. Further increase in annealing time changes the preferred orientation to (100) direction. The scanning electron microscopic analysis showed the formation of ZnO nanofiber with an average diameter of approximately 800 nm for annealed films. The compositional analysis of nanofiber ZnO thin films were studied by time of flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, which indicated oxygen deficiency in the films. The optical properties of annealed films have shown a variation in the band gap between 3.29 and 3.20 eV. The electrical conductivity of the as grown and annealed films showed an increase in the conductivity by two orders of magnitude with increase in annealing duration. © 2013, The Author(s).