Faculty Publications

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Publications by NITK Faculty

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Author: search.filters.author.Naik, S.

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    Assessing Flood Susceptibility Using GIS and AHP Method: Case of Mandovi River Basin, Goa
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Rajeev, R.; Naik, S.; Nivedha, N.
    This research focuses on performing a comprehensive flood susceptibility analysis in the Mandovi river basin in Goa, in order to increase flood resilience. The study employs the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model and geographic information system (GIS) techniques to prioritize and map various factors influencing flood susceptibility. Beginning with an extensive background review and preliminary analysis, the research involves the generation of parameter maps, including distance from rivers, topographic wetness index (TWI), drainage density, rainfall, elevation, slope, land use and land cover (LULC), soil type, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and distance from roads. Applying a weighted overlay method, these parameters are integrated to develop a flood susceptibility map, classifying areas within the basin as very high, high, moderate, or low and very low susceptible to flooding. Each parameter has been reclassified based on chances of the class being very high susceptible to very low susceptible to flooding. The conclusion from the susceptibility map was that higher elevation and slope are associated with lower flood susceptibility, while distance to the river, topographic wetness index (TWI), drainage density, and high vegetation areas are factors that increase susceptibility to flooding. It provides a comprehensive classification of potential flood risk in various areas within the basin underscoring the importance of flood risk assessment in comprehending the intricate interplay of factors contributing to flooding. It proposes basin-level interventions as strategic measures to mitigate the impact of floods, contributing valuable insights for formulating measures to reduce the vulnerability of the Mandovi river basin to flooding. The findings hold significance for informed land-use planning, zoning regulations, and targeted mitigation measures. In summary, this research offers a comprehensive understanding of flood susceptibility in the Mandovi river basin, providing a valuable foundation for proactive flood resilience strategies in the region. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.
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    Plant-Based Treatments for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
    (Springer Science+Business Media, 2025) Naik, S.; Udayakumar, D.; Issah, H.N.
    Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are long-term respiratory disorders characterized by airway inflammation, blockage, and oxidative stress. These conditions compromise lung function and negatively impact overall quality of life. While conventional medications are effective, they can often lead to undesirable side effects, sparking interest in alternative therapeutic approaches. Plant-based therapies, leveraging bioactive compounds found in medicinal herbs, present promising complementary or alternative options. Natural compounds like flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and bronchodilatory effects, which can help alleviate symptoms of asthma and COPD. This chapter explores the therapeutic potential of plant-based treatments, examining species like Boswellia serrata, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Curcuma longa, which have demonstrated positive outcomes in both preclinical and clinical research. Topics include the mechanisms by which these phytochemicals exert therapeutic effects, their health benefits, and the challenges in incorporating plant-based remedies into conventional care. Additionally, the chapter discusses current research gaps and future directions to improve the safety, efficacy, and availability of plant-derived treatments for respiratory diseases, aiming to reduce dependence on synthetic medications. © 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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    Single Inductor Dual-Input Boost DC-DC Converter for Electrical Vehicle Applications
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Shetty, L.G.; Naik, S.; Moger, T.; Jena, D.
    The implementation of single inductor dual input boost dc-dc converter is discussed in this paper which is useful in Electric Vehicle(EV) applications. The circuit is compact and have a limited number of components. The proposed converter has potential to be advantageous due to its simple form, good voltage amplification ratio, and comparatively greater efficiency. The steady-state analysis is studied in detailed. The required transfer functions were generated from a thorough dynamic study of the converter based on the converters small signal model. The simulations are done using the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The results are validated with the Hardware in Loop (Opal-RT). © 2024 IEEE.
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    Comparative Analysis of Multi-Port DC-DC Converters for Electric Vehicle Applications
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Naik, S.; Shetty, L.G.; Jena, D.; Moger, T.
    To provide an adequate energy infrastructure for electric vehicles. Multi-port converters offer superior design and execution capabilities than single-port converters, making them particularly advantageous for Electric Vehicles(EVs), The non isolated multi-port dc-dc converter(MPC) topologies are employed in regulating the power distribution across various modules, including photovoltaic (PV) systems, fuel cells (FC), batteries, energy storage systems (ESS), and loads. In this paper few topologies, Multiinput Multioutput (MIMO) boost converter, Dualinput Dualoutput (DIDO) converter, Dualinput hybrid step-up converter(DIHDC), and Four-port converter(FPC), are studied. This will give a thorough analysis of each topology and a detailed performance comparison to aid in the complete under-standing of the benefits and downsides. This study compares a number of components, modes of operation, direction of power flow capability, and design aspects. The simulations study are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink, and are validated with OPAL-RT. © 2024 IEEE.
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    Quadratic Switched Inductor-Capacitor Multi-Port Converter for DC Microgrid Application
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Naik, S.; Jena, D.; Moger, T.
    This article presents a Multi-Port Quadratic Switched Inductor-Capacitor DC-DC converter topology tailored for DC-microgrid applications. A Non-isolated Quadratic Switched Inductor-Capacitor Multi-Port Converter (QSICMPC) is proposed, and designed to integrate hybrid energy sources efficiently to generate the constant load voltage for DC-Microgrid. The cross-connected capacitors with output side inductor in the converter function as voltage doubler circuit, providing an additional voltage boost. Compared to existing converters, the proposed design requires fewer components while achieving a higher voltage gain. Furthermore, it features continuous input current, reduced diode voltage stress, and lower voltage ratings for passive components. The converter offers a wider voltage gain range and reduced voltage stress on power switches. This study highlights its operational modes and detailed steady-state analysis, and comparisons are underscoring the significance of the proposed design. © 2025 IEEE.
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    Voltage Multiplier Cells Non-isolated Dual Input DC-DC Converter with Wide Voltage Gain for EV Charging Applications
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Naik, S.; Jena, D.; Moger, T.
    This paper will give Voltage Multiplier Cells based Non-isolated multi-port(VMC-NIMP) DC-DC converter utilizing a switched capacitor design which integrated with Hybrid energy sources based Photo voltaic (PV) -Fuel cell (FC) to EV charging applications. A non-isolated transformer-less Multi-Port DC-DC Converter is designed with the integration of hybrid energy sources. A voltage multiplier circuit will boost and improve the converter's gain. This design is having lesser ripples when compared to available converters. This has fewer components and a higher gain than the existing converters. This designed converter features a wider voltage enhancement, less voltage stress on the power switches, and a shared ground connection between the input and output terminals. This will gives operational modes, steady-state and comparison analysis to show the converter's importance in EV-Charging applications. © 2025 IEEE.
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    Compact Single-Inductor Dual-Input Boost Converter Design for EV Applications
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Koushik; Naik, S.; Moger, T.; Jena, D.
    This paper introduces a new non-isolated DC-DC converter designed for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The existing topologies consists of many components, leading to increased conduction and switching losses. This results in lower efficiency and more complex control, which ultimately reduces the overall performance of the converter. The proposed converter is compact, efficient, and uses fewer components, making it suitable for systems with space and cost constraints. Detailed analysis, including steady-state and small-signal modeling, is carried out to ensure reliable performance under different conditions. A stable controller is designed using the K-factor method. The design is tested using MATLAB/Simulink simulations in both open-loop and closed-loop setups to study its performance, efficiency, and response. The results are further verified through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing with OPAL-RT, linking the theoretical design to practical implementation. © 2025 IEEE.
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    A Negative Effect of Niobium-Doped Ceria on Soot Oxidation Activity‡
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Patil, S.S.; Naik, S.; Ramesh, M.D.; Harshini, H.; Prasad Dasari, H.P.
    Niobium-doped ceria catalysts were synthesized to study soot oxidation activity. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis of the samples revealed the presence of a fluorite structure of CeO2 for all the doped samples. The T50 temperature of the pure CeO2 sample was more significant than that of bare soot. The high catalytic activity of the CeO2 catalyst can be attributed to the low crystallite size, high facet ratio, and the large Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area as compared to Nb-doped samples. The activation energy calculated by both Ozawa and KAS methods were found to be low for CeO2 when compared to Nb-doped samples. CeO2 resulted in better soot oxidation activity with low activation energy. © 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH
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    In Silico Studies of (Z)-3-(2-Chloro-4-Nitrophenyl)-5-(4-Nitrobenzylidene)-2-Thioxothiazolidin-4-One Derivatives as PPAR-γ Agonist: Design, Molecular Docking, MM-GBSA Assay, Toxicity Predictions, DFT Calculations and MD Simulation Studies
    (World Scientific, 2024) Gowdru Srinivasa, M.G.; Naik, S.; Udayakumar, U.; Mehta, C.H.; Nayak, U.Y.; Revanasiddappa, B.C.
    Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder, arises from insufficient insulin levels or increased insulin resistance. An alternative approach to address this pathogenesis involves targeting PPAR-γ, which activates glucose homeostasis and improves peripheral glucose utilization. In this study, we aimed to investigate the designed 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one derivatives (T1-25) and assess their potential as PPAR-γ regulators by an in silico approach. Physicochemical properties and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) profiles were evaluated. Docking studies were performed using Schrödinger software, with the protein target being PPAR-γ (PDB ID: 2ZNO). Additionally, MD simulation studies were conducted, and the key interactions in the protein-ligand complexes were identified. The results demonstrate the drug-likeness of compounds T11, T24 and T25, with docking scores of -7.953 kcal/mol, -7.973 kcal/ mol and -8.212 kcal/mol, respectively, and exhibit significant activity against PPAR-γ agonist and compared with the standard drug Pioglitazone (-7.367 kcal/mol). The density functional calculations were also performed to determine the geometrical properties, thermal parameters, chemical reactivity descriptors and molecular electrostatic potential of the compounds using the B3LYP functional and 6-31G++ basis sets. The energy difference between the highest occupied molecular orbitals and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals for all the investigated compounds is in the range of 2.8-3.4 eV which allows for easy transfer of electrons and reactivity. Further research and development of these designed compounds could contribute to the advancement of effective antidiabetic treatments. © 2024 World Scientific Publishing Company.
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    Mechanistic insights and DFT analysis of bimetal doped styrofoam-like LaFeO3 perovskites with in-built dual redox couples for enhanced Photo-Fenton degradation of Tetracycline
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) James, A.; Naik, S.; Rodney, J.D.; Joshi, S.; Udayakumar, U.; Kim, B.C.; Udayashankar, N.K.
    The rising number of contaminants released into the environment and the inadequacies of traditional wastewater treatment techniques have led to the demand for enhanced oxidation technologies like photo-Fenton. In this study, bimetal co-doped lanthanum orthoferrite (BixLa1-xCuyFe1-yO3 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1; y = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15)) based photo-Fenton catalysts with the in-built redox couples Fe3+/Fe2+, Cu2+/Cu+ and oxygen vacancies have been successfully synthesised via a facile one-pot solution combustion route. Systematic studies show that the Bi0.05La0.95Cu0.1Fe0.9O3 (LFOBC) exhibits an optimal photo-Fenton degradation rate of 0.0497/min for Tetracycline (TC) removal, being ∼ 1.8 and ∼ 6.2 times greater than Bi0.05La0.95FeO3 (LFOB) and pristine LaFeO3 (LFO) respectively. DFT analysis confirmed the better adsorption and dissociation of H2O2 on a bimetal co-doped catalyst and identified the electron density difference in LFOBC, which can induce the H2O2 dissociation. A detailed investigation of various influencing reaction parameters is explored. The degradation pathway for the LFOBC catalyst with the toxicological characteristics of each intermediate is analysed. This study presents the Bi0.05La0.95Cu0.1Fe0.9O3 as a potential photocatalyst for enhanced photo-Fenton degradation with excellent efficiency observed for the degradation of various harmful pollutants for environmental remediation. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.