Conference Papers

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    Response of Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation Subjected to Earthquakes, Sea Waves and Wind Waves: Numerical Simulations
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Kumar, S.; Chaudhary, B.; Sajan, M.K.; Akarsh, P.K.
    Offshore wind turbines are an economical and sustainable method for generating renewable energy over extended periods. They efficiently harness wind power and are strategically located far from residential areas in the sea, resulting in minimal noise pollution. These towering structures rely on wind as their primary energy source and are installed at varying water heights from shallow to medium depths. The critical aspect of ensuring the stability of the foundation for such massive and tall structures becomes particularly important, especially in regions prone to earthquakes. This research paper focuses into the influence of wind loading on offshore wind turbine platforms, with specific emphasis on the suction caisson foundation. To assess the effects of wind loads, numerical analyses were performed using the finite element software PLAXIS. The findings reveal that horizontal deflection and shear stress increase as the angle of internal friction and unit weight decrease. Additionally, the study conducts parametric analyses to explore the impact of other variables on the behaviour of the turbine. These conclusions emphasize the significance of designing resilient foundations for offshore wind turbines, considering factors such as wind loads, soil characteristics, and structural parameters. This ensures their long-term stability and effectiveness as a sustainable source of energy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
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    Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation Under Action of Wind Loads: Numerical Analyses
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Ashitha, C.; Chaudhary, B.
    Renewable energy is energy derived from renewable sources that replenish themselves naturally, such as sunlight, waves, and tides. Offshore wind turbine converts wind energy to electric energy. According to the Global Wind Energy Council, by the second decade of the twenty-first century, it will account for roughly 10% of global wind capacity. The government of India has identified the coasts of Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and Maharashtra as suitable destinations. These wind turbines are high-rise structures that are vulnerable to lateral earthquake failures. Monopile substructures are commonly used to support offshore wind turbines in shallow waters. Monopiles transfer lateral loads by bending action into the soil strata through the foundation. In this study, we use a monopile foundation. A monopile is a large-diameter steel tube driven into the seabed with a slenderness ratio of less than 10. As a result, the monopile behaves as a rigid structure with rotation taking precedence over bending. The monopile can be put into the seabed by drilling and grouting, driving with massive impact or vibratory hammers, or a combination of both, depending on the subsoil condition. The behavior of monopile subjected to wind waves is investigated in this paper. For Finite Element Modelling, PLAXIS is used in this study. Studies are also carried out under various loading circumstances (e.g. amplitude, frequency) and other parameters. The effects of different pile diameters, pile length, pile depth inside the soil on monopile behavior are investigated. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.
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    Response of Offshore Wind Turbine Monopile Foundation Under Action of Wind Load and Sea Waves: Numerical Analysis
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Sah, B.; Sridhar, G.
    Offshore wind turbine, being one of the most important renewable energy sources globally, has witnessed the construction of numerous offshore wind farms. These are established in offshore areas due to the steadier and stronger winds compared to onshore environments. Among the diverse fixed offshore foundation systems utilized for wind turbines including gravity, caisson, tripod, monopile, jacket, and suction, the monopile foundation emerges as the predominant choice, especially well-suited for sea beds with depths up to 35 m. However, understanding the behavior of monopile foundations under the combined influence of cyclic wind and sea waves remains limited. Throughout the 25 year lifespan of a turbine, cyclic loading continuously affects the foundation, potentially altering soil stiffness and system frequencies. To address this issue, numerical modeling using finite element method program is employed in this study. Through cyclic loading simulations, the response of monopile foundations to wind and sea waves is thoroughly investigated. Parametric studies also conducted to explore the impact of factors such as soil properties and loading conditions. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of monopile foundation behavior under dynamic environmental conditions, offering valuable insights for design and optimization of offshore wind energy projects. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.