Conference Papers
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Item Microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP)(Elsevier Ltd, 2017) Gopi, K.R.; Shivananda Nayaka, H.Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) with different passes was carried out for Mg-Al-Mn (AM) series magnesium alloy to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties. ECAP process was carried up to 4 passes using route BC, where the samples are rotated by 90° in the same direction between consecutive passes. Microstructures were studied using optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and it was observed that the grain size was reduced from 100 μm to 1 μm after 4 passes. Tensile test was conducted and the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased up to 2 passes but decreased with higher passes, even though grain size became finer with increase in ECAP passes. Microhardness was carried out and it was observed that the hardness was increased up to 2 passes of ECAP and decreased with higher passes. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd.Item Microstructural and Hardness evolution of AZ80 alloy after ECAP and post-ECAP processes(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Naik, G.M.; Gote, G.D.; Narendranath, S.This research paper investigates the microstructure evolution and hardness variation of wrought AZ80 magnesium alloy after each ECAP passes. The strengthening effect of AZ80 alloy was examined after post-ECAP aging treatment. Alloys were severely deformed through equal channel angular press at 533K using route Bc with a die channel angle (φ) 1100 and corner angle (ψ) 300. Subsequently, the microstructural characterization was studied using optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Further, post-ECAP aging treatment at 523K for 6h and 12h was performed and microhardness of the specimens was measured. It was found that the grain refinement through thermo-mechanical processing of ECAP and Post-ECAP treatment significantly improves the microhardness of the Mg alloy, which directly influences the properties of wrought AZ80 magnesium alloy. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Effect of equal channel angular pressing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-10Zn-2Mg alloy(American Institute of Physics Inc. subs@aip.org, 2018) Manjunath, G.K.; Preetham Kumar, G.V.; Bhat, K.U.The current investigation is focused on evaluating the mechanical properties and the microstructure of cast Al-10Zn-2Mg alloy processed through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). The ECAP processing was attempted at minimum possible processing temperature. Microstructural characterization was carried out in optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Hardness measurement and tensile tests were employed to estimate the mechanical properties. Experimental results showed that, ECAP processing leads to noticeable grain refinement in the alloy. Reasonable amount of dislocations were observed in the ECAP processed material. After ECAP processing, precipitates nucleation in the material was detected in the XRD analysis. ECAP leads to considerable enhancement in the mechanical properties of the material. After ECAP processing, microhardness of the material is increased from 144 Hv to 216 Hv. Also, after ECAP processing the UTS of the material is increased from 140 MPa to 302 MPa. The increase in the mechanical properties of the alloy after ECAP processing is due to the dislocation strengthening and grain refinement strengthening. Finally, fracture surface morphology of the tensile test samples also studied. © 2018 Author(s).Item Flow Properties of Cast Al-Zn-Mg Alloys Subjected to Equal Channel Angular Pressing(Institute of Physics Publishing helen.craven@iop.org, 2018) Manjunath, G.K.; Preetham Kumar, G.V.; Udaya Bhat, K.Flow stress can be described as the stress necessary to continue deformation at any stage of plastic strain. The strength coefficient (K) and strain-hardening exponent (n) are the two important flow properties of the material. In the present work, flow properties of three different cast Al-Zn-Mg alloys processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) were investigated. ECAP processing was carried out in a die having Φ = 120° and Ψ = 30°. After ECAP processing, significant grain refinement and increase in the hardness was observed. Compression test was used to determine the flow properties of ECAP processed samples. Force-stroke data was recorded from the compression test. Flow curves were drawn by using force-stroke data. Strength coefficient and strain-hardening exponent were determined from the log-log plot of true stress-strain curves. Significant increase in the strength coefficient was observed after ECAP processing. Also, the strength coefficient is increased when the zinc content is increased in the alloy. Strain-hardening exponent was decreased with increase in the number of ECAP passes. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Item Electrochemical Behaviour of ECAP-Processed AM Series Magnesium Alloy(Springer International Publishing, 2019) Gopi, K.R.; Shivananda Nayaka, H.Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is a technique for inducing high strain into the material to achieve ultrafine grain refinement. AM80 magnesium was processed by ECAP with processing route BC. ECAP-processed samples were tested for microstructural studies and electrochemical measurements. Potentiodynamic polarization test revealed decrease in corrosion current density due to uniform refined microstructure of the processed samples. Increment in charge transfer resistance (Rt) was observed for ECAPed samples with increase in capacitive arc diameters in Nyquist plots showing increased corrosion resistance in comparison with as-cast condition. The increment in corrosion resistance is because of grain refinement and uniform dispersal of intermetallic particles, which improved development of protective layer and bonding due to increased grain boundary density by ECAP process. © 2019, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.Item Severe plastic deformation of Al-15Zn-2Mg alloy: Effect on wear properties(Trans Tech Publications Ltd ttp@transtec.ch, 2019) Manjunath, G.K.; Bhat, K.U.; Preetham Kumar, G.V.In the present work, Al-Zn-Mg alloy having highest zinc content was deformed by one of the severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique, equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and effect of ECAP on the microstructure evolution and the wear properties were studied. ECAP was performed in a split die and the channels of the die are intersecting at an angle of 120°. ECAP was attempted at least possible temperature and the alloy was successfully ECAPed at 423 K. Below this temperature samples were failed in the first pass itself. After ECAP, significant drop in the grain size was reported. Also, ECAP leads to significant raise in the microhardness of the alloy. Predominantly, after ECAP, upsurge in the wear resistance of the alloy was noticed. To figure out the response of ECAP on the wear properties of the alloy; worn surfaces of the wear test samples were analyzed in SEM. © 2019 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.Item Dry sliding wear behaviour of Al-5Zn-2Mg alloy processed by severe plastic deformation(Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Manjunath, G.K.; Udaya Bhat, K.; Preetham Kumar, G.V.Equal channel angular extrusion/pressing (ECAE/P) is an effectual technique to raise the mechanical, physical properties and resistance to wear of the materials. In this research, Al-5Zn-2Mg alloy material was ECAPed in route BC at lowest temperature. Hardness of the test material was increased after ECAE/P due to microstructure refinement. To demonstrate the wear characteristics of the Al-5Zn-2Mg alloy material after ECAE/P, wear tests (in dry sliding condition) were conducted at 2 conditions (condition 1: 19.62 N load and 1 m/s sliding speed, condition 2: 39.24 N load and 2 m/s sliding speed). The wear rate and magnitude of coefficient of friction (μ) were lessened after ECAE/P. Abrasive, adhesive and oxidation wear mechanisms are the predominant wear mechanisms noticed in the ECAE/P processed billets. Along with these mechanisms relocation of iron elements from the counter body (disc) to the test material was noticed. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd.Item Evolution of Tribological Properties of Cast Al–10Zn–2Mg Alloy Subjected to Severe Plastic Deformation(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2020) Manjunath, G.K.; Preetham Kumar, G.V.; Udaya Bhat, K.In the current investigation, tribological behaviour of the cast Al–10Zn–2Mg alloy processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique was studied. In this work, one of the SPD techniques, equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was adopted as a processing tool. ECAP was carried out in route BC and processing was attempted at the lowest temperature. After ECAP, grain structure of the material was refined and considerable improvement in the microhardness of the alloy was perceived. Mainly, wear resistance of the alloy material was enhanced with successive ECAP passes. Coefficient of friction of the alloy material was decreased with successive ECAP passes. Wear resistance of the alloy was decreased with a rise in the applied load and the sliding speed. Both at low and high load condition, abrasive wear was noticed in as-cast and homogenized specimens. Whereas in ECAPed specimens, in addition to abrasive wear, oxidation wear and adhesive wear were observed in low load and it changes to abrasive wear at high load. In the ECAPed specimens, at low load transfer of iron particles from the steel disc surface to the specimen surface was identified. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Effect of ECAP on sliding wear behaviour of Mg-Zn-Gd-Zr alloy(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Patil, A.; Bontha, S.; Ramesh, M.R.Magnesium is a lightweight, recyclable, and biocompatible material. However, the extensive commercial use of Magnesium and its alloys is hindered by their poor wear behaviour and mechanical properties. Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) is a severe plastic deformation technique which improves the material properties through grain refinement. In the present study, wear behaviour of ECAP processed Mg-Zn-Gd-Zr alloy was investigated. ECAP process was carried out up to 3 passes at a temperature of 380 °C. Wear testing of as-cast and ECAP processed alloy were carried out using dry sliding wear method on a pin on disk tribometer by varying loads. The wear mechanism was analysed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Average Coefficient of Friction (COF) increased after each pass of ECAP. Wear rate increased with the applied load. Despite severe plastic deformation, wear resistance of ECAP processed samples was found to be lower than that of as-cast samples at higher loads. Abrasive and oxidation wear mechanisms were found in both as-cast and ECAP processed samples. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Tensile toughness characteristics of cast Al-Zn-Mg alloys processed by equal channel angular pressing(Trans Tech Publications Ltd ttp@transtec.ch, 2020) Manjunath, G.K.; Bhat, K.U.; Preetham Kumar, G.V.In the current study, consequence of ECAP on the toughness characteristics of the Al-Zn-Mg alloys was studied. Three set of Al-Zn-Mg alloys (5, 10 and 15% Zn and 2% Mg) were selected and ECAPed. Also, consequence of zinc on the toughness characteristics of the alloy, before and after ECAP was studied. After ECAP, grain size of the alloys decreased and significant rise in the strength and ductility of the alloys were noticed. Mainly, modulus of toughness of the alloys increased with successive ECAP passes. But, the modulus of toughness of the alloys decreased with rise in the zinc in the material. © 2020 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.