Conference Papers
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Item Effect of waste ceramic tiles as a partial replacement of aggregates in concrete(Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Bommisetty, J.; Sai Keertan, T.S.; Ravitheja, A.; Mahendra, K.In recent constructions, the consumption of ceramic materials is increasing day by day in the form of tiles, sanitary fittings, electrical insulators etc. But a large quantity of ceramic materials changes into wastage during processing, transporting and fixing due to its brittle nature. Therefore, using these wastes in concrete production could be an effective measure in maintaining the environment and improving the properties of concrete. Hence, the crushed waste ceramic tiles were used in concrete as a replacement for natural coarse aggregates with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% 20% and 25% of substitution. After analyzing results, the optimum value of waste ceramic tile to be used within the concrete mix with a water/cement ratio of 0.5 was determined as about 20%. The findings revealed that using waste ceramic tile lead to enhancing the properties of concrete. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1st International Conference on Manufacturing, Material Science and Engineering.Item Physico-mechanical properties of concrete with industrial waste-A case study(Avestia Publishing info@avestia.com, 2019) Gayana, B.C.; Shashanka, M.; Rao, A.N.; Ram Chandar, K.A few waste materials, such as demolition waste, steel slag, quarry dust, fly ash are dumped in landfills. This causes environmental issues and pollution. The present study aims to examine the effect of replacing two types of waste materials i.e., quarry dust and steel slag as partial replacement of cement and sand respectively. Cement was replaced partially with quarry dust between 5 to 20% with 5% intervals and sand was replaced by 75% steel slag consistently for all the concrete mixes. The concrete cubes, beams and cylinders were tested for their strength characteristics by measuring compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting tensile strength. The maximum increase of 4%, 34% and 38% in compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strength respectively was observed with 15% quarry dust replaced with cement and 75% steel slag replaced with sand. Based on the present experimental study, partial replacement of these waste materials shall mitigate the issues occurring due to storage and also by utilizing these materials in concrete as replacement for cement and sand resulting in higher strength properties compared to the naturally available construction materials. © 2019, Avestia Publishing.Item An experiment investigation on physical and mechanical properties of high strength concrete with suitable admixture(Trans Tech Publications Ltd ttp@transtec.ch, 2019) Gayana, B.C.; Shashanka, M.; Rao, A.N.; Ram Chandar, K.Concrete is an essential construction material. Even-though conventional concrete performs and satisfy the structures under normal conditions, a few special situations require very high compressive strength of concrete. An experimental investigation is done to develop high strength concrete with suitable admixtures and steel fibers. The properties of fresh and hardened concrete with alccofine as partial replacement for binder and poly-carboxylate ether (Glenium 8233) and steel fibers is investigated for the workability and mechanical properties i.e., compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strength of concrete. Based on the results, the strength increased with the addition of alccofine compared to the control mix. Hence, by optimum percentage of alccofine, high strength of concrete of 112 MPa can be obtained. © 2019 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.Item Experimental studies on shear strength characteristics of alkali activated slag concrete mixes(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Manjunath, R.; Narasimhan, M.C.; Shashanka, M.; Vijayanand, S.D.; Vinayaka, J.In the present study an attempt has made to study the shear strength characteristics of alkali activated slag concrete mixes developed using steel slag sand and Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) slag aggregates, respectively, as the fine and coarse aggregates. These mixes use the ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as the primary source material. Thus it is to be recognized that all the three materials used-GGBFS, slag sand and EAF slag aggregates are by-products of the Iron and Steel Industry, and are available in very large quantities demanding safe disposal. Different amounts of Sodium silicate solutions, with specified amounts of Sodium hydroxide flakes dissolved in them, are used as alkaline solutions. The test results indicate higher compressive strengths values for all the mixes in the range of 50-70 MPa with their shear strength values ranging between 7.5 and 12.0 MPa. Further the relationship between shear strength and compressive strength of the AASC mixes was also developed. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item A Comparative Study on Using Laterite and Sandstone Aggregates on Mechanical Properties of Concrete(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH info@springer-sbm.com, 2021) Gayana, B.C.; Ram Chandar, K.R.; Reddy, K.R.Scarcity of natural aggregates in concrete construction is leading to explore the use of alternative materials, especially various industrial waste products. Mining industry is one such major source of waste materials. Sandstone, which is overlying coal seams, is the largest quantity of waste rock being produced by coal mining industry. Laterite is another waste comes from small scale quarries. An attempt is made to assess the use of laterite-GGBS and sandstone as partial replacement for sand in concrete. Sandstone samples were collected from the dumps of a coal mine in south India and laterite samples were collected from different quarries from the southwestern part of India. Various properties of mine waste samples were determined in the laboratory as per IS codes, the properties were found to be very close to that of natural river sand. Mix proportions were prepared for M20 grade concrete. Mechanical properties of concrete with different mixes (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% replacement with sand) were determined and compared. As a result, the concrete mixes with the replacement of fine aggregates with 100% sandstone increased in strength properties i.e., compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength compared to laterite mixes, where the strength properties decreased with increase in replacement levels. This indicates that sandstone can be an effective replacement for the river sand in concrete. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Experimental Studies on the Suitability of Coconut Shell as a Filler Material in Concrete Cubes(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH info@springer-sbm.com, 2021) Gadekari, R.S.; Kolathayar, S.; Chitrachedu, R.K.Globally, the consumption of concrete is raising high. The production of cement raises the carbon footprint and causes depletion of non-renewable resources. Researchers are formulating new technologies to save the resources, energy for the next generations, to reduce disposal problems and to make the product or structure economical. For this purpose, recycled waste and treated natural materials, etc., are used as a substitute for cement, aggregates, or reinforcement. This paper presents studies conducted to analyze the performance of a coconut shell as a filler. The material used in the present study was naturally available, cost-free, and non-toxic material. The strength performance of different concrete cube specimens with coconut shells in their different orientations was assessed by conducting compressive strength tests. From the results, the effective position and orientation of the shell in the concrete cube were found out. © 2021, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Engineering Properties of Heavyweight Concrete—A Review(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH info@springer-sbm.com, 2021) Sharath, B.P.; Das, B.B.Heavyweight concrete which differs from normal weight concrete by having a higher density and special compositions to improve its attenuation properties, the density and cost of the material are really important in order to absorb gamma rays. If the main aim of developing heavyweight concrete is focussed to attenuate neutrons, then the material with less atomic weight should be embodied in the concrete mix which can in turn produce hydrogen. It is used in counterweights of bascule and lift bridges, but its general application includes in radiation shielding structures, offshore, ballasting of pipelines etc. The evolution of nuclear power into peaceful applications has given rise to an expanding use of heavy weight concrete in construction industries nowadays. Heavyweight concrete employs bulky conventional aggregates such as barites or magnetite or artificial aggregates such as Fe ore or Pb shots. This paper states a review on impact on engineering properties of Heavyweight concrete such as compressive, split tensile and flexural strength with different heavyweight aggregates as per the investigations conducted by researchers. © 2021, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Influence of Particle Size of Bottom Ash on Mechanical Properties of M30 Grade Concrete(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Goudar, S.K.; Das, B.B.Thermal power plants produce fly ash and bottom ash as by-products. A total of 70% of by-product from thermal power plants accounts for fly ash and remaining 30% is bottom ash. One of the most common uses of bottom ash at the present scenario is structural fill in its coarser form only, and it is reported that the disposal leads to leaching of heavy metals to the groundwater table. These disposal problems and potential health hazards can be reduced by large usage of bottom ash in construction industry. A larger percentage of usage of the bottom ash in concrete will significantly reduce the potential health hazards and will give solution to disposal problems. With this in view, bottom ash collected from the Udupi thermal power plant was classified into two different levels according to their particle size and replaced against fine aggregates for different replacement levels, in producing M30 grade concrete. The raw bottom ash was coarse and classified as Zone-I after sieve analysis. The classification of bottom ash according to the particle size was carried out into different zones such as Zone-II and Zone-III, according to the specifications from IS 383–1970. The attainment of required compressive strength is directly correlated to particle size of bottom ash. Results show 47% reduction in compressive strength of concrete when raw bottom ash was (Zone-I) was replaced by 50% in place of natural river sand (NRS). A little effort in grading the bottom ash and converting coarser raw bottom ash from Zone-I to finer Zone-II bottom ash has proved beneficial in improving the compressive strength of concrete. It was observed that lower specific gravity of bottom ash directly influences density of concrete, which intern has adverse effect on compressive strength. The bottom graded as Zone-II can be replaced to NRS by 15–20%, with little compromise in compressive strength. Through value addition of 5% extra cement content, there is a possibility to increase the replacement level of Zone-II bottom ash to 30% with similar compressive strength as that of control concrete. Through cost analysis, it was found that 30% replacement of Zone-II bottom ash in place of NRS with 5% extra cement content as value addition was found to be economical. © 2021, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Performance of Recycled Coarse Aggregate Concretes with Basalt Fibers at Elevated Temperatures(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Yaragal, S.C.; Hiremath, P.N.; Kalyan, M.M.; Kumar, D.; Shiji, P.P.The utilization of Construction and Demolition waste (C&D) is gaining importance due to rapid depletion of natural aggregates, as well as due to increased awareness worldwide towards sustainable development. Water absorption characteristics of adhered mortar associated with C&D aggregates has to an extent hindered the potential of extensively using Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) in concretes. The study examines the performance of concretes with replacement of natural coarse aggregates by RCA in different proportions. Attempts were made to enhance the compressive strength of RCA based concretes using basalt fibers. Results, show that possibility of using RCA based concretes (either 50 or 100% replacement) is possible without compromising strength, by incorporating 1.5% basalt fibers. Use of basalt fibers result in 13 and 19% enhanced strengths to concretes (for 50 and 100% replacement) apart from exhibiting superior elevated temperature endurance. Study also includes microstructural investigation of RCA based concretes with and without basalt fibers at elevated temperatures. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Prediction of Compressive Strength and Workability Characteristics of Self-compacting Concrete Containing Fly Ash Using Artificial Neural Network(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Netam, N.; Palanisamy, T.This study aims to propose an artificial neural network (ANN) model for predicting the properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC). SCC has enhanced properties such as very high workability and it can go through very tight spaces between reinforcements without any application of vibration. To get the desired strength and workability, it is necessary to understand the parameters determining the nature and properties of SCC and the relationships involved among those parameters. In this study binder content, water to binder ratio, fly ash percentage, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and superplasticizer content are chosen as input parameters, and output results from the model are slump flow value, L-box ratio, V-funnel time, and compressive strength. An ANN model is constructed and its architecture is selected by evaluating the performance of a network with a different number of neurons for the optimum results. Then this model is trained, tested, and validated through a database of experimental test results gathered from various literature. The accuracy of this model is evaluated by evaluation matrices such as R and MSE. To check the efficiency, the current model comparison was made with an existing data envelopment analysis model (DEA). © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.