Conference Papers
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Item Fully automated radiogrammetric measurement of third metacarpal bone from hand radiograph(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016) Areeckal, A.S.; Sumam David, S.; Kocher, M.; Jayasheelan, N.; Kamath, J.Osteoporosis is a disease caused by reduction of bone mass, bone strength and deterioration of bone structure. The gold standard method for diagnosis of osteoporosis is measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) using Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). However, DXA is expensive and not widely available in developing countries. An alternative cost-effective method for measurement of bone loss and strength is metacarpal radiogrammetry, by which geometric measurements of cortical bone of the metacarpal bone are measured. In this paper, we propose a fully automated method for segmentation of third metacarpal bone from hand radiograph and radiogrammetric measurements using mathematical morphology. Cortical width and thickness are measured from the endosteal and periosteal edges of the metacarpal bone using which bone indices which help in diagnosis of osteoporosis can be computed. The proposed segmentation method was tested on 157 hand X-ray images. A success rate of 94.9% is obtained for automatic detection of third metacarpal bone. Evaluation of cortical measurements of 3 calibrated images is done by comparing the results with ground truth. The mean accuracy error obtained was 0.02cm and 0.04cm for cortical width and medullary width, respectively. © 2016 IEEE.Item Early diagnosis of osteoporosis using active appearance model and metacarpal radiogrammetry(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2017) Sam, M.; Areeckal, A.S.; Sumam David, S.Osteoporosis is a condition of fragile bone with an increased susceptibility to fracture. Since the gold standard method used for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), is expensive and not widely available in low economies, there is a need for low cost approaches to detect bone loss in people. A new automated radiogrammetric method for early diagnosis of osteoporosis from a single hand radiograph is proposed. In this technique, the third metacarpal bone is segmented from hand X-ray images using Active Appearance Models (AAM). Points of interest acquired from the segmented bone are used to take radiogrammetric measurements, from which bone indices are calculated. Data used in this work was acquired from 138 subjects in two hospitals in India. Significant radiogrammetric features were selected using statistical analysis. The bone indices are observed to be significantly correlated with Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of the lumbar spine measured using DXA. Different classification models were trained using the significant features. The results obtained are promising and can be used as a cost effective diagnostic tool for early detection of osteoporosis. © 2017 IEEE.