Conference Papers
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Item Paradigm Shift from Monolithic to Microservices(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Saxena, D.; Bhowmik, B.Microservices have been making waves among forward-Thinking application development organizations. In the realm of software development, software architecture holds paramount importance because it serves as a guiding force to shape the entire life cycle of a software system. Software architecture is a foundation for complex digital components built upon a software system. Within this domain, two prevalent paradigms, monolithic and service-oriented architecture (SOA), stand distinct. While monolithic simplifies development using its integrated structure, SOA reduces complexity through modular services. However, both paradigms suffer severe scalability, development cycle, and flexibility challenges. Subsequently, microservice architecture as a modern paradigm emerges to overcome these challenges. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the paradigm shift from monolithic to microservice architecture. It begins with exploring the monolithic and SOA conceptual landscape and their pros and cons. After that, we delve into the microservice platform, including its basic architecture and implementation stages. Furthermore, we provide the trend of the paradigm shift that highlights the recent developments in the field and identifies the research challenges associated with it. Thus, the paper brings multiple research dimensions for the researchers and lets the software and application development teams improve resilience and expedite their time to market. © 2023 IEEE.Item Analysis of Selected Load Balancing Algorithms in Containerized Cloud Environment for Microservices(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Saxena, D.; Bhowmik, B.Microservice architecture has become a widely accepted solution to address the challenges, particularly scala-bility, deployment, and flexibility associated with monolithic architecture. A vital attribute of the microservices architecture is its capability to handle load balancing on a large scale. The load balancer collaborates with a scaler to distribute the workload efficiently across multiple instances. In the literature, different studies employ load-balancing algorithms for efficient microservice load balancing. These works overlook cloud-based microservice applications or focus solely on virtual machines, neglecting containers. This paper addresses these limitations by comparatively assessing selected load-balancing algorithms. The three most used algorithms, random, round-robin, and least connection, are studied on a microservice application. The extensive experiments are conducted using Elastic Container Service (ECS) of Amazon Web Service (AWS) for containerized cloud setup where each service resides in a cluster and traffic is generated through Locust. Experimental results show that throughput and response time range of 6.2-288.7 and 312.2-3375.8 ms, respectively. © 2024 IEEE.Item Ways of Balancing Load in Microservice Architecture(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Saxena, D.; Bhowmik, B.Microservices architecture has emerged as a modern paradigm to overcome challenges associated with monolithic architecture, such as scalability, deployment, and flexibility. Microservice architecture is a relatively new approach in comparison with other paradigms. It has immense potential to enhance deployment, design, container orchestration, and expansion across different computing environments, such as cloud and edge. One of the most essential features of microservice architecture is its ability to handle scaling and load balancing. The load balancer works with a scaler to distribute load efficiently across multiple instances. This paper explains the basics of load balancing, including static and dynamic algorithms, their applications, and limitations. It emphasizes the crucial role of load balancing in popular microservices orchestrators like Kubernetes, Docker Swarm, and Spring Cloud. Furthermore, we examined the existing state of the art and identified limitations associated with load balancing in microservice architecture. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.