Conference Papers
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Item Seepage Analysis of Resilient Rubble Mound Breakwater Under Tsunami Overflow: Numerical Analysis(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Sajan, M.K.; Chaudhary, B.A breakwater is an offshore structure which is constructed to protect ports and harbours from the destructive effects of sea waves, currents, typhoons, and even tsunamis by reflecting and dissipating their wave energies. Among the various types of breakwaters, the rubble mound (RM) breakwater is the most common type constructed near the seacoasts of many countries across the globe. The most devastating natural hazard that a breakwater could possibly encounter during its design life is a tsunami wave. Several breakwaters were severely damaged or completely collapsed in several countries during past tsunamis. The coastal areas of India bore the brunt of the damage during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Therefore, it is utmost important to develop new techniques such as placing special gabions and rows of sheet piles as countermeasures for making RM breakwaters tsunami resilient. One of the longest breakwaters in India, the north breakwater at the Ennore Port (Chennai) has been chosen as prototype. The numerical modelling of the RM breakwater along with the seabed soil with two layers has been done in Plaxis 2D to observe the effectiveness of these countermeasures during tsunami-induced seepage through the breakwater and seabed soils. It was found that the provision of special gabions with impermeable layer and sheet piles beneath the mound can effectively prevent the seepage of water that occurs during tsunami overflow. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Stability Analysis of Rubble Mound Breakwaters Under Tsunami Overflow(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Sajan, M.K.; Chaudhary, B.; Akarsh, P.K.; Kumar, S.Rubble mound (RM) breakwaters are the most commonly constructed breakwaters across the globe. Even though the breakwaters are designed to withstand to dynamic wave loadings, a natural disaster such as tsunami could impart additional loadings beyond the designed limits and thereby reduce the stability of the structure. Unfortunately, several RM breakwaters were severely damaged or even collapsed under the impact of past tsunamis such as the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and 2011 Great East Japan tsunami. The failure of these breakwaters would lead to the inundation of tsunami waves to the coastal areas causing devastating damages to life and property. Therefore, it is relevant to make the RM breakwaters resilient against tsunami impacts, so that the breakwater can either completely prevent or at least reduce the impact height of tsunami waves. In order to design a RM breakwater resilient against tsunami, the failure mechanisms under tsunami overflow conditions have to be properly understood. The present study thus aims to numerically evaluate the stability of RM breakwaters under tsunami overflow conditions. The cross-section details of the North breakwater at the Ennore Port, Chennai, India have been modelled at full scale in the finite element software Plaxis. The model was then subjected to a tsunami overflow condition. The corresponding deformations and stability of the RM breakwater were estimated. It was observed that the stability of the breakwater was considerably reduced under tsunami overflow conditions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.