Conference Papers
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/28506
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Item Depthwise Separable Convolutional Neural Network Model for Intra-Retinal Cyst Segmentation(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019) Girish, G.N.; Saikumar, B.; Roychowdhury, S.; Kothari, A.R.; Rajan, J.Intra-retinal cysts (IRCs) are significant in detecting several ocular and retinal pathologies. Segmentation and quantification of IRCs from optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans is a challenging task due to present of speckle noise and scan intensity variations across the vendors. This work proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN) model with an encoder-decoder pair architecture for IRC segmentation across different cross-vendor OCT scans. Since deep CNN models have high computational complexity due to a large number of parameters, the proposed method of depthwise separable convolutional filters aids model generalizability and prevents model over-fitting. Also, the swish activation function is employed to prevent the vanishing gradient problem. The optima cyst segmentation challenge (OCSC) dataset with four different vendor OCT device scans is used to evaluate the proposed model. Our model achieves a mean Dice score of 0.74 and mean recall/precision rate of 0.72/0.82 across different imaging vendors and it outperforms existing algorithms on the OCSC dataset. © 2019 IEEE.Item Retinal-Layer Segmentation Using Dilated Convolutions(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2020) Guru Pradeep Reddy, T.; Ashritha, K.S.; Prajwala, T.M.; Girish, G.N.; Kothari, A.R.; Koolagudi, S.G.; Rajan, J.Visualization and analysis of Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) cross-sectional scans has gained a lot of importance in the diagnosis of several retinal abnormalities. Quantitative analytic techniques like retinal thickness and volumetric analysis are performed on cross-sectional images of the retina for early diagnosis and prognosis of retinal diseases. However, segmentation of retinal layers from OCT images is a complicated task on account of certain factors like speckle noise, low image contrast and low signal-to-noise ratio amongst many others. Owing to the importance of retinal layer segmentation in diagnosing ophthalmic diseases, manual segmentation techniques have been proposed and adopted in clinical practice. Nonetheless, manual segmentations suffer from erroneous boundary detection issues. This paper thus proposes a fully automated semantic segmentation technique that uses an encoder–decoder architecture to accurately segment the prominent retinal layers. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item An Automated Approach for Screening COVID-19 from Thermal Images Using Convolutional Neural Network(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Srivastava, D.K.; Pawan, S.J.; Rajan, J.The world has seen the disastrous effect caused by COVID-19 on humankind. The rapidity of COVID-19 transmission, re-infections, post-COVID-19 symptoms, and the emergence of new COVID-19 strands have disrupted the global healthcare systems. Consequently, screening for COVID-19 cases has become of the utmost importance. As temperature and mask checks help significantly to prevent the rapid spread of COVID-19, automating this process in public places has become indispensable. In this work, we propose an end-to-end approach for mask detection followed by temperature for efficient screening. The proposed model achieved 93.5%, 96.7%, and 97.7% precision, recall, and mAP when trained on the thermal surveillance dataset and tested on a lightning dataset consisting of images with varying intensities. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Automated Molecular Subtyping of Breast Cancer Through Immunohistochemistry Image Analysis(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Niyas, S.; Priya, S.; Oswal, R.; Mathew, T.; Kini, J.R.; Rajan, J.Molecular subtyping has a significant role in cancer prognosis and targeted therapy. However, the prevalent manual procedure for this has disadvantages, such as deficit of medical experts, inter-observer variability, and high time consumption. This paper suggests a novel approach to automate molecular subtyping of breast cancer using an end-to-end deep learning model. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) images of the tumor tissues are analyzed using a three-stage system to determine the subtype. A modified Res-UNet CNN architecture is used in the first stage to segregate the biomarker responses. This is followed by using a CNN classifier to determine the status of the four biomarkers. Finally, the biomarker statuses are combined to determine the specific subtype of breast cancer. For each IHC biomarker, the performance of segmentation models is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. In addition, the patient-level biomarker prediction results are also assessed. The findings of the suggested technique demonstrate the potential of computer-aided techniques to diagnose the subtypes of breast cancer. The proposed automated molecular subtyping approach can accelerate pathology procedures, considerably reduce pathologists’ workload, and minimize the overall cost and time required for diagnosis and treatment planning. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Attention Assisted Patch-Wise CNN for the Segmentation of Fluids from the Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Images(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Anoop, B.N.; Parida, S.; Ajith, B.; Girish, G.N.; Kothari, A.R.; Kavitha, M.S.; Rajan, J.Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an important imaging modality in ophthalmology to visualize the abnormalities present in the retina. One of the major reasons for blindness is the accumulation of fluids in the various layers of the retina called retinal cysts. Accurate estimation of the type of cyst and its volume is important for effective treatment planning. In this paper, we propose attention assisted convolutional neural network-based architecture to detect and quantify three types of retinal cysts namely the intra-retinal cyst, sub-retinal cyst and pigmented epithelial detachment from the OCT images of the human retina. The proposed architecture has an encoder-decoder structure with an attention and a multi-scale module. The qualitative and quantitative performance of the model is evaluated on the publicly available RETOUCH retinal OCT fluid detection challenge data set. The proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of precision, recall, and dice coefficient. Furthermore, the proposed model is computationally efficient due to its less number of model parameters. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.