Conference Papers
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/28506
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Item Studies on esters of coconut oil as fuel for LPG-Biodiesel dual fuel engine(American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue New York NY 10016-5990, 2003) Kapilan, N.; Reddy, R.P.; Mohanan, P.The rapid depletion in world petroleum reserves and uncertainty in petroleum supply due to political and economical reasons, as well as, the sharp escalation in the petroleum prices, have stimulated the search for alternatives to petroleum based fuels specially diesel and gasoline. Biodiesel is one of the renewable fuels, which will be the good replacement to diesel. But as a sole fuel, it gives poor performance and higher emissions. From the literature survey, it is observed that not much work has been done to use Methyl Ester (ME) of coconut oil as liquid fuel in sole and dual fuel mode of operation. Hence, in the present work, ME of coconut oil is chosen as a sole fuel to run the diesel engine and an alternative pilot fuel to run LPG-Biodiesel dual fuel engine. In dual fuel mode operation, LPG is used as the inducted gaseous fuel. LPG has been chosen as the inducted fuel on account of its easy availability in abundance in the present time. The existing compression ignition diesel engine was modified to work on dual fuel mode. Tests were carried out on a single cylinder, four strokes, water-cooled, direct injection, compression ignition engine using ME of coconut oil as fuel. To study the effect of injection timing, its is advanced and retarded from the standard injection timing recommended for diesel operation. From the results, it is observed that the advanced injection timing results in better performance and lower emissions of the diesel engine. In dual fuel mode operation, first the engine was started with ME of coconut oil as fuel and then the LPG flow rate was increased. With appropriate proportions of the injected (0.45, 0.65 and 0.75 kg/hr) and inducted fuels it is possible to improve the engine performance and reduce its emissions. From the experimental results, it is found that the pilot fuel rate of 0.65 kg/hr is preferred from the point view of brake thermal efficiency, fuel consumption and smooth running. ME of coconut oil were successfully used as sole fuel and pilot fuel. The performance and emission of the engine in sole fuel mode with better injection timing and dual fuel mode with better pilot quantity were compared. From the comparison, it is observed that the ME of coconut oil can be used as pilot fuel in dual fuel engine compared to sole fuel with regard to performance and emissions.Item Performance and emission studies of a LPG fueled spark ignition engine with steam induction(Korean Society of Combustion, 2013) Shankar, K.S.; Mohanan, P.In this study the combustion and emission characteristics of a conventional naturally aspirated, four-cylinder, multipoint port fuel injection S.I engine modified to run with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) injection along with steam induction are evaluated. Experiments are conducted at wide-open throttle condition and at a speed range of 2000 rpm to 4500 rpm with a static ignition timing of 6-degree bTDC. The steam flow rates of 10 to 25% of LPG flow rates (by mass) are used. The results with LPG and 25% steam induction at wide-open throttle condition and 3500 rpm indicates that the brake thermal efficiency has reduced by 2%, and the peak cylinder pressure has reduced by about 10 bar, with the location of the peak pressure being way from top dead centre when compared to LPG combustion. Oxides of nitrogen emission has reduced significantly with the induction of steam with a reduction of 45% when compared to LPG at 3500 rpm. The carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbon emissions at the above condition have increased marginally. Thus the induction of steam along with LPG has resulted in notable reduction in the oxides of nitrogen emissions with a slight reduction in engine performance.Item Experimental analysis of cardanol biofuel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines with air-side oxygen enrichment(Trans Tech Publications Ltd ttp@transtec.ch, 2014) Dinesha, P.; Nayak, V.; Kumar, D.; Mohanan, P.The present study investigates the effect of air-side oxygen concentration enrichment on the performance and emission of a single cylinder diesel engine using a bio-fuel blend as fuel. In this study, a natural phenolic compound, namely, cardanol is selected as the bio-fuel, which is obtained from the shell of cashew nut after purification. A blend of B10M10 (10% cardanol +10% methanol + 80% diesel by volume) is prepared and tested in the engine at various loading conditions. The experiments are carried out at atmospheric oxygen condition and an increment of 3, 5, and 7% of atmospheric oxygen concentration by weight. There is a drastic reduction in HC, CO, and smoke except for NOx emission. The level of NOx emission increases as the oxygen concentration in the intake air is increased. The performance characteristic will increase as the oxygen concentration increases, and higher brake thermal efficiency is obtained for B10M10 at 7% oxygen concentration. B10M10 with 7% oxygen enrichment gives better results, similar to diesel, except for NOx emission. © (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.