Conference Papers
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/28506
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Item A Blockchain-Enabled IoT Framework for NICU Infant Health Monitoring System(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Madhusudhan, R.; Pravisha, P.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 15 million infants are born prematurely each year. In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the critical health parameters of newborn babies must be monitored precisely and in real time. Approximately one million preterm babies suffer morbidity before the age of five due to preterm birth and complications associated with preterm delivery. The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) requires accurate, real-time monitoring of newborn infants' vital health parameters. One of the challenges encountered by the majority of hospitals is the lack of systems that can track real-time health parameters and notify doctors and parents to indicate any neonatal critical conditions. This research article presents a framework that incorporates IoT, fog, deep learning technologies, Blockchain, and decentralized cloud for NICU newborn health monitoring. The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies provides wide opportunities for enhancing the data management of neonatal intensive care units. By integrating IoT devices comprising wearable sensors and smart monitors the system gets real-time data on vital signs like heart rate, temperature, blood oxygen levels, and breathing rate. Fog computing is used for the instantaneous analysis of critical data, and an efficient deep learning algorithm will be implemented at the fog layer to classify data into either critical or non-critical data. Since fog has limited resources, a private blockchain is used to store critical data. The critical data is stored temporarily on a private blockchain and permanently on a decentralized cloud. © 2023 IEEE.Item Digital Democratic Elections: Leveraging Blockchain for Government Voting(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Prasad, S.V.; Madhusudhan, R.Electronic voting (e-voting) has redefined elections with its improved efficiency and accessibility features. However, modern e-voting systems globally still grapple with challenges related to scalability, transparency, security, and instilling trust among voters. Blockchain, an advent technology known for its decentralized, distributed, peer-to-peer, consensus-based storage system, has the potential to enhance confidence within untrusted environments, making a perfect distributed ballot box in the context of e-voting. Nevertheless, its adoption in countries with extensive voter populations and numerous constituencies encounters hurdles primarily in terms of scalability. Public and private blockchain networks have faced performance and throughput issues due to the sheer number of nodes and size of a unified blockchain. The central aspect of this research is breaking down the blockchain into smaller, constituency-based blockchains, deviating from the traditional single, monolithic blockchain structure. The paper proposes a unique constituency-based blockchain approach to e-voting that involves segmenting the blockchain into manageable smaller blockchains based on constituencies. The paper suggests a private Ethereum blockchain using Hyperledge-Besu Ethereum client architecture with a low-cost Proof-of-Authority (PoA) consensus algorithm. It potentially represents a significant advancement for countries with complicated democratic structures and large numbers of voters. When incorporating blockchain technology into electoral voting systems, voter account management presents a crucial and difficult challenge. In addition to distinguishing itself from previous works in the field of e-voting, this paper is devoted to a thorough analysis of this challenge and offers practical solutions to address the difficulties posed by a sizable voter base and their diverse identities. © 2023 IEEE.