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  • Item
    Arguing formally about flight control laws using SLDV and NUSMV
    (Springer Singapore, 2017) Jeppu, N.; Jeppu, Y.
    Software systems have failed in the recent past. This is most often attributed to wrong requirements often caught very late in the program or escapes from the rigorous process leading to failures. There is a necessity to ensure that the requirements are correct up front before the design and verification process start. Formal methods have become popular these days and a lot of impetus is there in the industry to apply these techniques to safety critical projects especially in flight controls. This paper looks at two tools NuSMV, an open source model checker, and Simulink Design Verifier, a commercial model checker. It is seen that these can be practically applied to projects and design. These are very successful in finding defects in design and requirements as demonstrated on a set of mutants. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018. All rights reserved.
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    Surface Engineered Titanium Alloys for Biomedical, Automotive, and Aerospace Applications
    (Springer Nature, 2023) Gudala, G.; Ramesh, M.R.; Srinath, M.S.
    This chapter provides an overview of surface modification of titanium alloy for applications in aerospace, automotive, and biomedical field. Current uses for titanium alloys are found in biomedical, automotive, aerospace, and other industrial applications. For aerospace uses, titanium alloys can be used for about 70% of the total, including engine components and airframe structures. Titanium alloys provide a notable advantage in several industrial applications, including heat exchangers, cooling systems in power stations, and chemical industries. In recent times, titanium alloys have been used in oil and gas drilling industries. It was observed that surface degradation of titanium alloy was observed in all the above applications after a certain amount of time or cycle. To enhance the surface properties of titanium alloy, surface engineering of titanium alloy with the appropriate surface modification technique is essential. The present trends predicted that industrial and commercial segments of titanium alloys could triple in the next five years. This chapter presents several case studies involving surface engineering techniques used for titanium alloys for potential automotive, biomedical, and aerospace applications. The demand for applications like the aerospace, biomedical, and automotive industry of titanium alloy boosts the ever-increasing demands for improving the surface modification of titanium alloys to meet the various needs. However, these alloys cannot possess all the desired attributes, especially important surface properties like wear and corrosion resistance. Therefore, surface modification techniques have to be used to enhance surface properties and satisfy the specific needs for various applications. This chapter discusses various surface modification methods used for titanium alloys to protect them from degradation. Titanium and titanium alloys can be extensively used in biomedical components and devices, especially in cardiac and cardiovascular applications, as hard tissue replacements. However, titanium alloys cannot meet all clinical requirements. Surface modification is often required to improve the biological, chemical, and mechanical properties. The present chapter also highlights the various surface modification techniques pertaining to titanium alloys, including thermal spraying, sol–gel, electrochemical treatment, and ion implantation from biomedical engineering. The present study focuses on improving the surface properties of titanium alloy for better wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and other biological properties using appropriate surface modification techniques while the desirable bulk attributes are retained. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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    Fatigue and Modal Analysis of Pylon of Aircraft Using Metal Matrix Composites
    (Springer, 2025) Sharma, S.; Joladarashi, S.
    The aviation sector is working to make airplanes lighter to conserve fuel and eventually reduce overall expenses. This study presents the efforts made to decrease the weight of pylons through material composition changes. This study uses metal matrix composites instead of titanium alloy, which is often employed, to reduce weight while maintaining the structure's ideal strength. Modeling uses Dassault Systèmes products like SolidWorks®, and Abaqus®, software. Commercially accessible analytic products like Abaqus® and Ansys® software were used for the analysis. For modeling and analysis, the dimensions of the pylons and the load data are obtained from available literature sources. The model's fatigue life and modal frequency data were examined. The results were compared with accessible data from the literature and quantitatively examined for fatigue life and critical frequency. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.