Book Chapters
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/28507
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Item Effect of Diethyl Ether on the Performance and Emission of a 4 - S Di Diesel Engine(SAE International, 2004) Mohanan, P.; Kapilan, N.; Reddy, R.P.Dimethyl Ether (DME), the methanol analog to Diethyl Ether (DEE), was recently reported as a low emission, high quality diesel fuel replacement. Literature review indicates that significant work is not carried out with respect to its performance analysis and in regard to pollution levels. In the present work, the effect of DEE on the performance and emissions of a four-stroke direct injection diesel engine have been studied. Tests were conducted on the diesel engine with different blends of DEE and diesel as fuel. Test results show that 5 % DEE blend gives better performance and low emissions compared to other blends of DEE and diesel fuel. Hence, 5 % DEE can be blended with diesel fuel to improve the performance and to reduce emissions of the diesel engine. © 2003 SAE International.Item Classification of cardiac abnormalities using heart rate signals: A comparative study(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007) Acharya, R.; Kannathal, N.; Subbanna Bhat, P.S.; Suri, J.S.; Min, L.C.; Spaan, J.A.E.[No abstract available]Item Visualization of cardiac health using electrocardiograms(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007) Acharya, R.; Subbanna Bhat, P.S.; Niranjan, U.C.; Kannathal, N.; Min, L.C.; Suri, J.S.The chapter discusses an efficient and novel method to assist the physician to visualize voluminous cardiac data acquired over several hours. The system uses different colors to identify different types of cardiogram signals. In the display strategy each ECG beat is represented by a grid. The visualization strategy is hierarchical; that is, it provides for viewing of data from different level of abstraction, and the physician can have a top down approach to narrow down the time interval and signal details. This display strategy is extended to sector graph, with a menu driven hierarchical display strategy, which progressively unfolds greater details for chosen intervals. Provision is made for changing the parameters of classification, and thus the physician has the option for fine tuning the classification. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.Item Storage and transmission of cardiac data with medical images(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007) Acharya, R.; Subbanna Bhat, P.S.; Niranjan, U.C.; Kumar, S.; Kannathal, N.; Min, L.C.; Suri, J.S.The landscape of healthcare delivery and medical data management has significantly changed over the last years, as a result of the significant advancements in information and communication technologies. Complementary and/or alternative solutions are needed to meet the new challenges, especially regarding security of the widely distributed sensitive medical information. Digital watermarking is a technique of hiding specific identification data for copyright authentication. The DICOM standard is one method to include demographic information, such as patient information and X-ray exposure facilities, in image data. The DICOM standard is a standard that can be used regularly to record demographic information onto the image data header section. Regarding DICOM format images, information on patients and X-ray exposure facilities can be obtained easily from them. On the other hand, general-purpose image formats, such as the JPEG format, offer no standard that can be used regularly to record demographic information onto the header section. Digital watermark technologies [1-8] can be used to embed demographic information in image data. Digital watermarking have several other uses, such as fingerprinting, authentication, integrity verification purposes, content labeling, usage control and content protection [9, 10]. The efficient utilization of bandwidth of communication channel and storage space can be achieved, when the reduction in data size is done. Recently, Giakoumaki et al, have presented a review of research in the area of medical-oriented watermarking and proposed a wavelet-based multiple watermarking scheme. This scheme aimed to address critical health information management issues, including origin and data authentication, protection of sensitive data, and image archiving and retrieval [11]. Their experimental results on different medical imaging modalities demonstrated the efficiency and transparency of the watermarking scheme. The digital watermarking technique is adapted in this chapter for interleaving patient information with medical images, to reduce storage and transmission overheads. The text data is encrypted before interleaving with images to ensure greater security. The graphical signals are compressed and subsequently interleaved with the image. Differential pulse code modulation and adaptive delta modulation techniques are employed for data compression as well as encryption and results are tabulated for a specific example. Adverse effects of channel induced random errors and burst errors on the text data are countered by employing repetition code, Hamming code and R-S code techniques.Item Reef-an ecofriendly and cost effective hard option for coastal conservation(Springer Netherlands, 2008) Shirlal, K.G.; Rao, S.; Radheshyam, B.; Ganesh, V.Rubble mound breakwaters are the structures which are meant to reflect and dissipate energy of the wind generated waves and thereby to prevent their incidence on water area intended to protect. Submerged breakwater with its crest at or below still water level (SWL) can cause substantial wave attenuation and can be effectively used in places where tidal variations are small and only partial protection from waves is required, like harbour entrance, beach protection, small craft harbours etc. © 2008 Springer Netherlands.Item Proactive models for mitigating internet denial-of-service/distributed denial-of-service attacks(World Scientific Publishing Co., 2010) Nagesh, H.R.; Chandra Sekaran, K.C.The enormous growth of the Internet has had a huge impact on users' daily lives, providing us with a wealth of information easily and conveniently.At the same time, this accessibility has made the Internet an easy target for users who wish to disrupt the flow of information or exploit the Web for personal gain. Those who compromise the flow of information or access information in an unauthorized manner are called attackers.Many tools are now available for attackers to test the vulnerability of Internet. © 2010 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All Rights Reserved.Item Wetting kinetics and quench severity of selected vegetable oils for heat treatment(CRC Press, 2010) Prabhu, K.N.[No abstract available]Item Autonomic computing: A fuzzy control approach towards application development(IGI Global, 2011) Harish, H.S.; Chandra Sekaran, K.C.Autonomic computing (Salehie & Tahvildari, 2005) is a new paradigm to design, develop, deploy, and manage systems by taking inspiration from strategies used by biological systems. An autonomic system has four major characteristics: self-configure, self-heal, self-optimize, and self-protect. The autonomic computing architecture provides a blueprint for developing feedback control loops for self-managing systems. This observation suggests that control theory might provide guidance as to the structure of and requirements for autonomic managers. E-commerce is an area where an Autonomic Computing system could be very effectively deployed. E-commerce has created demand for high quality information technology services, and businesses seek ways to improve the quality of service in a cost-effective way. Properly adjusting tuning parameters for best values is time-consuming and skills-intensive. This chapter describes simulation environments to implement approaches to automate the tuning of MaxClients parameter of Apache web server using fuzzy controllers. These are illustrations of the self-optimizing characteristic of an autonomic computing system. © 2012, IGI Global.Item Development of probabilistic simulation model for production optimization in open pit mines(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2011) Raj, M.G.; Vardhan, H.; Rao, Y.V.Large mechanized open pit operations can become more efficient and competitive without additional costs by improving the productivity of the existing machinery. This can be achieved by ensuring higher availability and utilization of the equipment The present paper deals with truck dispatch system using a variety of strategies to enhance the production capacity of a given set of equipment (shovels and trucks) by way of continuous dispatching of trucks. A discrete event probabilistic simulation program has been developed to demonstrate the production potential of an operating mine. It can accommodate any number of shovels and trucks of different capacities. The characteristic features of each truck and shovel can be individually specified to reflect the reality of actual working conditions. The model was tested on a hypothetical mine and a real case to verify the logic used in the program development. Subsequently, the model was implemented in two real mines to investigate the production potential. It was observed that substantial scope exists for productivity improvement when the mines were operating on a flexible mode. © 2012 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.Item Chalcones: Possible new materials for third-order nonlinear optics(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2011) Kiran, A.J.; Chandrasekharan, K.; Kalluraya, B.; Shashikala, H.D.'Search for potential materials' for third-order nonlinear optics has been of continuing interest in recent years. In this context, organic molecules are increasingly being recognized as the materials of the future because their molecular nature combined with the versatility of synthetic chemistry can be used to alter and optimize molecular structure to maximize third order nonlinear response. Chalcones have received considerable interest as materials for second-order nonlinear optical applications due to their ability to crystallize in noncentrosymmetric structure and their blue light transmittance. Being charge transfer compounds, chalcones can also possess large thirdorder nonlinearities due to their π-conjugated structure. In this article, we discuss the structure-nonlinear response relationship among a few chalcones and the possibility of using them for third-order applications. A meager or no work, to our knowledge, has been done so far on these molecules in this regard. Z-scan and degenerate four-wave mixing techniques were employed to investigate third-order optical nonlinearities of chalcone derivatives. Some of these molecules possess large χ (3) of magnitude as high as 10-12 esu and exhibit strong optical limiting properties. Possible mechanisms that are responsible for optical limiting property of these molecules have been discussed. . © 2011 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.Item Reliable transmission of retinal fundus images with patient information using encryption, watermarking, and error control codes(World Scientific Publishing Co., 2011) Nergui, M.; Sripati, A.U.; Acharya, A.U.; Yu, W.; Dua, S.[No abstract available]Item Design and Evaluation of Hydro-Pneumatic Friction Damper Suspension System(IGI Global, 2012) Gorabal, S.V.; Kurbet, S.N.; Appukuttan, K.K.Perceived comfort level and ride stability are the two most important factors in the evaluation of suspension system in a mobile vehicle. It is extremely difficult to simultaneously maintain a high standard of vehicle ride, handling and body control in the vehicle by using conventional passive suspension system. However, the use of active suspensions would result in better comforts than the passive ones. This paper presents the design and analysis of a pneumatic friction damper and hydro-pneumatic friction damper. A non-linear quarter car model is developed, which includes pneumatic actuation by pressure regulation. The performance of the proposed model was assessed in terms of level of vibration reduction. Simulations on a prototype model show that the proposed system has good performance and robustness. © 2013 by IGI Global.Item Maize–natural fiber as reinforcement with polymers for structural applications(Apple Academic Press, 2012) Saravana Bavan, D.; Mohan Kumar, G.C.Thermosetting resins are used today with plant fiber for panels suitable for inner door panels for the automotive industry and other applications in structures. The costs of these resins are low compared to thermoplastic resins and also the properties of the resin are well suited for structural application (Wool and Sun, 2005). Recently lot of research has been carried out on natural fibers using resin transfer molding (RTM) as a processing method of composites. Dynamic mechanical properties of sisal based natural fibers reinforced with polyester were investigated using RTM (Sreekumar, 2009, 2009a). Vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) techniques have been developed for fabricating small and large components but mainly for complex shapes. It also gives good surface finish to the particular part. It is best suited for low cost components of complex part which should be pressurized by external source. It uses atmospheric pressure as a clamp to hold the laminates together. © 2012 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.Item Assessment of objective based blast performance: Ranking system(CRC Press, 2012) Sastry, V.R.; Ram Chandar, K.R.Rock fragmentation using chemical energy is commonly followed for fragmenting and displacing the rock mass in mining, civil and other excavation projects. In case of mines, the objective of rock fragmentation is to get a uniform sized material to suit the subsequent operations like loading, hauling and crushing. In case of civil engineering projects like canals, tunnels, it is to provide the space for some facilities and the material produced may not be having a specific use. In case of blasting near to the human habitats or important structures like dams, ground vibrations generated should be within permissible safe limits, along with proper fragmentation. Cost reduction is also a prime factor in all the cases. In general, assessment of blast performance refers to fragmentation assessment. However, based on the objective, the approach to blast design may be different. An attempt is made through this paper to discuss different blast performance assessment methods, through a case study and a ranking system is proposed. Field studies were carried out in a limestone mine in southern India, using eight controlled blasts by changing the initiation system, initiation pattern and maintaining same blast geometry parameters. Blast performance was assessed based on fragmentation using digital image processing technique, energy distribution, and productive yield and powder factors resulting from the blasts. Rankings were given to different blasts as per the performance. © 2013 Taylor & Francis Group, London. © 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.Item Comparison of two near-field blast vibration estimation models: A theoretical study(CRC Press, 2012) Arora, S.; Murmu, P.; Dey, K.Blast-induced rock damage has been directly related to blast vibration by many researchers. The common measurement of blasting vibration is in terms of peak particle velocity (PPV). The levels of peak particle velocity at which the rock damage occur are termed as threshold levels of PPV for rock damage. As rock damage is a phenomena occurring very close to the blast holes (<1 m), the peak particle velocity levels at the point of damage cannot be measured directly. Thus, the threshold levels of peak particle velocity for rock damage are estimated by using different near-field blast vibration estimation models. These models essentially use the vibration predictors established from the vibration measurements taken at a safe distance. The most common two techniques of near-field vibration estimation models are the mathematical summation of peak particle velocity resulting from the elemental charge column and the integrated peak particle velocity for the charge length i.e., zero to charge height. However, till date the scope of application of near-field estimation models is limited to single-hole blast only. This paper incorporates a review of the near-field blast-vibration estimation models. Apart from this, an extension of a near-field vibration estimation model for a row of periphery holes is also presented. A theoretical comparison is also made in between single-hole model and row of holes model for estimating the threshold peak particle velocity levels for overbreak in a drift. Similarly, the damage profiles for both the cases are also developed and presented. © 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item Case-based reasoning and some typical applications(IGI Global, 2013) Roy, D.P.; Chakraborty, B.Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) arose out of research into cognitive science, most prominently that of Roger Schank and his students at Yale University, during the period 1977-1993. CBR may be defined as a model of reasoning that incorporates problem solving, understanding, and learning, and integrates all of them with memory processes. It focuses on the human problem solving approach such as how people learn new skills and generates solutions about new situations based on their past experience. Similar mechanisms to humans who intelligently adapt their experience for learning, CBR replicates the processes by considering experiences as a set of old cases and problems to be solved as new cases. To arrive at the conclusions, it uses four types of processes, which are retrieve, reuse, revise, and retain. These processes involve some basic tasks such as clustering and classification of cases, case selection and generation, case indexing and learning, measuring case similarity, case retrieval and inference, reasoning, rule adaptation, and mining to generate the solutions. This chapter provides the basic idea of case-based reasoning and a few typical applications. The chapter, which is unique in character, will be useful to researchers in computer science, electrical engineering, system science, and information technology. Researchers and practitioners in industry and R and D laboratories working in such fields as system design, control, pattern recognition, data mining, vision, and machine intelligence will benefit. © 2014, IGI Global. All rights reserved.Item Reuse of natural plant fibers for composite industrial applications(Apple Academic Press, 2013) Saravana Bavan, B.D.; Mohan Kumar, G.C.Natural fibers are considered to be the next generation fibers for the composite manufacturers, because they have the potential to replace the synthetic or the traditional fibers. In the present days composite industries are emerging from small scale to large scale sectors, which include marine, aerospace, automotive, and other military applications. Among them natural plant fibers are widely used especially in automotive and structural applications, packaging industries, and others. Various issues and aspects of natural plant fibers for industrial applications are studied. Reuse and recycle of these plant fibers for the composite technologies are focused. Developments of these natural plant fibers for the industries are highly expected in the market. © 2013 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.Item Transformation framework for consistent evolution of uml behavioral elements into BPMN design element(Springer New York, 2013) Chanda, J.; Kanjilal, A.; Sengupta, S.; Bhattacharya, S.There are many software products that have been developed in the object-oriented paradigm. To incorporate the positive aspects of service-oriented paradigm (SOA) and address the issues related to increasing size and complexity of software products, they need to be evolved to service-oriented domain. There are some proven Object Oriented (OO) Design Tools that can be used for Service Oriented Application design incorporating both the behavioral and structural aspects in a seamless, consistent evolution that can be made from object oriented to service oriented domain. In this chapter, we concentrate on the evolution process of behavioral aspect of design from OO to SOA. Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) has become the de-facto standard for modeling business process on a conceptual level. Business processes are an integral part of service-oriented architecture. In service-oriented applications Use cases needs to be ordered along business processes. Business Processes visualize global control-flow across Use cases. Therefore, use of a business process language to visualize the dependencies among different use cases is of high importance. Use case diagram along with activity diagrams represents the behavioral aspect of a system in the analysis phase of an object-oriented system. To enable modeling the relationship among different behavioral aspects and evolve from object oriented domain to service oriented domain, a formal approach would help in establishing the foundation. In order to do that, in this work, we propose a formal framework, FAM (Formalized analysis model), which is a set of grammar based formalized Use case and Activity diagram elements of UML and a framework for verification of the diagrams, which includes syntactic correctness and requirement traceability. Along with that, we also propose FAM2BP (Formalized Analysis Model to Business Process) for transformation of Formalized Analysis Model (FAM) of object-oriented systems into BPMN process for SOA application using a set of rules that will help in generating business processes for SOA application directly from object oriented analysis models. This model would help in a consistent evolution of software development paradigms from Object Oriented to Service Oriented systems. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York. All rights are reserved.Item Equation of Phonon Radiative Transport: Formulation and Analysis by the Weighted Residual Method(Springer Science+Business Media, 2014) Wheeler, V.M.; Shankar, N.; Tamma, K.K.[No abstract available]Item Feminism and the Gendered Body in Sarah Aboobackar’s “Sahana”: A Saga of Mute Agony(Bloomsbury Publishing Plc., 2014) Mallya, A.G.; Koudur, S.[No abstract available]