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    Advances of membrane technology in wastewater treatment
    (Elsevier, 2024) Deepthi, P.V.; Viji, K.; Vijesh, A.M.; Isloor, A.M.; Kumar, V.
    Pure water scarcity is becoming a real threat to the modern world. Rapid growth in the textile, paper, and printing industries has caused the production of large quantities of dye effluents, and they must be treated before passing to the water bodies or lands to minimize pollution and environmental impacts. Polymeric membrane-based filtration has been established as an optimal and greener approach for removing hazardous dyes from polluted water. Superior thermal, chemical, and mechanical properties and convenient modifiability made polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), and polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) ideal for the production of membranes for the treatment of dye effluents from industries. This chapter emphasizes the recent developments in modified PSF, PES, and PPSU membranes and their dye rejection properties. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Rubber-based lightweight nanocomposites: spectroscopic characterization
    (Elsevier, 2025) Khalifa, M.; Anandhan, S.
    Carbon nanofiller-based rubber nanocomposites have gained considerable attention in academia and industries because of their suitability in various applications, including automobiles, sports, aerospace, medical, and structural components. The addition of carbon nanofillers, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fibers, carbon black, and graphite, helps in tuning the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, barrier properties, and mechanical properties of rubbers. Some of these characteristics and properties of rubber nanocomposites can be studied using spectroscopic techniques. These techniques are rapid, nondestructive, highly sensitive, and provide molecular-level information. Various spectroscopic techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc., have been adopted that provide information on the dispersion of fillers, interfacial interactions, molecular bonds, orientations, elemental compositions, impurities, etc. This chapter provides an overview of the use of FTIR, Raman, XPS, and NMR spectroscopies in the characterization and analysis of carbon nanofiller-rubber composites. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..