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Item Recovery/recycling process of pollutant material in bio/membrane reactor(Elsevier, 2024) Prabhakar, N.; Isloor, A.M.Currently most of the industrial sectors follow the “make, use, and dispose” linear economy approach. Detrimental effects of the pollutant materials produced by various such industries as well as the anthropogenic activities is a prominent challenge to sustainable development. Hence there is a great need for an effective technology which can restore the circular economy principle. Among the numerous tools available to recover the pollutants, membrane reactors are on the frontline due to their cost-effectiveness, wide applicability, simple operation, and smaller footprints. This chapter gives a broad picture of pollutant recycling with the help of membrane reactors. It also scrutinizes the various configurations of membrane reactors, including catalytic, packed-bed reactor, bioreactor, electrochemical, and enzyme bioreactor. In the later part of the chapter, the recovery techniques used for various pollutants, such as metals, anthrocyanins, proteins, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, and dissolved methane, have been discussed. Recovery of such resources, which are typically treated as pollutants, can benefit beyond contamination treatment, finally generating revenue as well. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item Advanced 2D materials for biohydrogen purification(Elsevier, 2025) Prabhakar, N.; Isloor, A.M.; A.F., A.F.Accumulation of waste on the planet has risen to a peak due to elevating industrialization and urbanization on demand of bursting population growth. Outcomes are severe, including global warming, disease outbreaks, the greenhouse effect, and unpredictable natural calamities. It is, therefore, necessary to think about ways to convert the accumulated waste into some useful form. The growing population needs energy for its life-sustaining activities. Energy production from fossil fuels can lead to undesirable climate change. Potential applications such as powering proton exchange membrane fuel cells can be achieved using biohydrogen. Hydrogen is one of the clean, renewable alternative sources of energy that can be derived from waste. This review discusses the various ways of obtaining clean hydrogen from waste, especially using advanced two-dimensional materials. The role of boron-nitrides, layered double hydroxides, graphene oxide derivatives, two-dimensional covalent organic and metal-organic frameworks, two-dimensional zeolites, MXenes, and graphitic carbon nitrides in biohydrogen purification has been presented. The review also provides, in brief, the mechanism and process variables governing biohydrogen purification. Finally, the write-up scrutinizes the challenges faced during the synthesis of two-dimensional advanced materials and also their hydrogen purification performance. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.