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Item Development in groundwater treatment - Indian perspective(IWA Publishing, 2016) Thalla, A.K.; Devatha, C.P.[No abstract available]Item Technologies for ground water treatment: Pump-and-treat technologies(IWA Publishing, 2016) Thalla, A.K.; Devatha, C.P.; Daronco, G.C.[No abstract available]Item Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials(Elsevier, 2018) Devatha, C.P.; Thalla, A.K.The nanotechnology industry is increasingly promoting nano as a “green” technology that will improve the environmental performance of existing industries, reduce consumption of resources and energy, and allow achievement of environmentally benign economic expansion. Eco-friendly solutions are gaining popularity in the contemporary world. A green method for nanoparticle synthesis should be assessed considering three aspects: the solvent, the capping agent, and the reducing agent compared to physical and chemical methods. Particularly, the plant extracts mediated process is a good and advantageous method for the development of metal nanoparticles compared to using microorganisms, in which the cell maintenance time is limited. Synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles are important steps to be adopted to apply nanoparticles in field applications, and these steps include preparation of leaf extract, Phytochemical screening, and preparation of precursor. Various factors affecting the synthesis of nanoparticles, such as pH, temperature, and time, will be discussed. The degradation of any organic compounds by the green approach (plant extracts) is mainly due to the presence of polyphenols in the biodegradable material. Although the synthesis of nanoparticles has been trending higher, their application in the area of waste water treatment has been limited until recently. Hence, the application of nanoparticles to waste water treatment will be discussed with a view toward paving the way for an alternate source of water. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Enhancing the Dewatering Ability of Sludge by Locally Available Biomass(Springer Nature, 2023) Chopade, G.; Devatha, C.P.In this study, the effect of modified coconut shell biochar is analyzed for its efficacy achievable in sludge dewatering properties. Initially the coconut shell biochar is modified at different molar concentrations of FeCl3, i.e., 1, 2, and up to 5 mol/L, and it is analyzed with different dosages at 0.1, 0.2, and up to 0.4 (g/g of dry solids (DS)) for the improvement in capillary suction time (CST) (s), moisture content reduction (%), filterability (min), and settleability (SV30%) of the sludge. It is found that there is significant decrease in each of these parameters. The optimization study is carried out to optimize the process of sludge conditioning, considering independent regression parameters as dosage (g/g of DS), molarity (M), mixing time (min), and response taken as moisture content (%), the optimum values for the dosage, molarity, mixing time is found to be 0.4 (g/g of DS), 2.5 M and 24.72 min, respectively, with optimized moisture content value of 78% was achieved. Hence, the modified coconut shell biochar can be used as a potential candidate to increase the dewatering ability of the sludge. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.Item Low-Cost Recovery of Cadmium from Wastewater by Soil Bacteria(Springer Nature, 2023) Kothuri, M.; Devatha, C.P.Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal with significant health and environmental concerns. It accumulates in soil and water, contaminates the food chain, and causes severe health problems, including kidney damage, anemia, and cancer. Industries involving the production of pigments, batteries, and alloys discharge wastewater containing high levels of cadmium. Hence, wastewater can serve as a valuable and viable source of cadmium, reducing the need for costly and environmentally damaging mining and refining activities. This study aims to recover cadmium from wastewater using bioprecipitation. Ureolytic bacteria from rhizospheric soil were used to separate cadmium from synthetic wastewater of different strengths. The recovery efficiency of the bioprecipitation method was more than 95%, according to the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) studies were conducted to identify the residue. In conclusion, bioprecipitation method has been found to be an effective and sustainable approach to recover cadmium from wastewater, making it a promising solution to economic and environmental challenges. This method is efficient, cost-effective, and easy to operate, making it suitable for in-field applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.Item Recovery of phosphorus as struvite from the dewatered liquor through crystallization using seawater as magnesium source(Elsevier, 2023) Devatha, C.P.; Rashmi, H.R.Because of the finite and nonrenewable nature of the phosphate resource, recycling and reuse of nutrients is an environmental and economic motivation that finally leads to water reuse. In recent times, phosphorus recovery has been attempted using waste materials. Hence in this paper, the recovery of phosphorus was studied from the dewatered liquor using seawater as a magnesium source, using the struvite crystallization technology, which is one of the most widely recommended technologies for the recovery of phosphorus. The sludge dewaterability was achieved with varying dosages of granulated blast furnace slag as skeleton material. Initial characteristics of dewatered liquor and seawater were investigated. Batch studies were conducted with varying pH (7–11) and a molar ratio of Mg/P (0.6–1.4) to determine the optimum condition for the maximum recovery of phosphorus. Characterization studies were carried out to study morphology by scanning electron microscope, the composition of solids by Fourier transform infrared, and phase identification by X-ray powder diffraction for the confirmation of struvite formation; 94% of the phosphorus was recovered as struvite, demonstrating good phosphorus recovery capability. The goal of the study is to develop an innovative and economical method for crystallizing struvite in order to extract phosphorus from the dewatered liquid. It can be concluded that seawater can also be considered as a source of magnesium for the production of struvite. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.