1. Ph.D Theses
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Item Information and Communication Technology and Export Performance of Firms: A Study of Food Processing Industry in India(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2021) R, Navyashree G.; Bhat, Savita.The role of ICT in enhancing the performance of an economy and business enterprises cannot be neglected in the present era of globalization. The use of ICT can be one of the strategic ways or tools for the firm to improve efficiency and performance, which leads to the long-term survival of the firm in the market. Several studies in the context of developed countries have examined the relationship between ICT and firm performance and found a significant relationship between the two. However, there are very few studies that have examined the impact of ICT on firm performance in the case of developing countries, particularly in India. Therefore, the objective of present study is to examine the determinants of investment in ICT and its impact on export performance of food processing firms in the context in India. The study also tries to understand the perceptions of owners or managers of food processing firms about investment in ICT. The sample and data for the study are extracted from a secondary source, namely Prowess Database for a period of seven years from 2012 to 2018. The econometric method, namely generalized method of moment (GMM) is used to identify the significant determinants of investment in ICT and its impact on export performance of food processing firms. The study also adopted a case study method to understand the owners‘/managers‘ perceptions regarding the investment and use of ICT. The result of GMM model shows that the firm‘s previous year investment in ICT, size of the firm, international exposure, labour intensity, capital intensity, and government intervention are the significant factors in determining the investment in ICT. With respect to impact of ICT investment on export performance, the study found no significant relationship between the two. However, it is found that the affiliated firms‘ investment in ICT has significant impact on the export performance of food processing firms. The result also shows that import and adopt (IAT) strategy is one significant factor to improve the export performance of food processing firms in India. Other factors like the age of the firm, capital-labour ratio, research and development intensity, and government intervention are also found to be significant in explaining the export performance of the firms. These result also supported by the findings the case study conducted in the present study.Item Destination Branding in Indian Medical Tourism – An Empirical Study(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2020) M, Sudheer Muhammed K.; Kiran, K B.Destination branding has been critically viewed as the success formula of medical tourism business with firms realising that acquiring new customers is far more expensive than maintaining the existing ones. It focuses on keeping the medical customers loyal, though, there is little in agreement on which antecedents could be used to achieve this aim. In response, this thesis develops a model of destination branding based on a review of the literature to empirically investigate in one single model: (1) the effect of destination source credibility on place attachment and perceived value; (2) medical tourism service quality on place attachment and perceived value; (3) destination image on place attachment and perceived value; (4) the ultimate effect of both place attachment and perceived value on customer loyalty. In particular, this thesis seeks to investigate the moderating role of the perceived price reasonableness variable on study constructs (destination image, medical tourism service quality, destination source credibility, perceived value and place attachment). Furthermore, it presents and discusses empirical findings from a survey of 1205 medical tourists at various hospitals examined from their perspectives as end users using structural equation modelling (AMOS 23.0). The findings of this thesis largely support the hypothesised relationships proposed in the theoretical model. Specifically, the results revealed that destination image, medical tourism service quality and destination source credibility are crucial in affecting perceived value and place attachments. The results also provide substantial evidence of the relationship between perceived value and place attachments, which, in turn, are crucial determinants of customer loyalty. This study contributes significantly to the very limited literature available by arriving at medical travellers' price-dependent decisions in the international medical tourism industry. This thesis contributes to theoretical and practical knowledge by providing for the first-time evidence about relationships between destination images, medical tourism service quality, destination source credibility, and analysing how perceived value and place attachments can be associated. The inclusion of a perceived price reasonableness construct is suggested to contribute additionally to the body of medical tourism destination branding literature and provide a complete model within a medical service provider context. Findings imply the need for service firms in general, and medical service providers in particular, to strategically lever on the key antecedents of customer loyalty including perceived value and place attachments, in pursuit of a more competitive advantage, and long-term profit.Item Impact of Workplace Spirituality on Work Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2019) Mahipalan, Manju; SheenaRecent decades have witnessed a rising interest in the phenomenon of workplace spirituality. The focus is gradually shifting from contemplative enquiries to empirical studies where researchers attempt to capture and analyse the concept of spirituality at work. The current study is in this direction where the primary objective is to test the claims on the benefits of workplace spirituality in an Indian non-profit context. Spirituality is considered to be an integral element of service oriented professions and the present study attempts to validate this assumption in an educational work setting. The present research attempts to analyse the impact of workplace spirituality on organisational commitment, teaching satisfaction, job involvement, and organisational citizenship behaviour among secondary school teachers of government educational institutions in the southern region of India. Additionally, employee engagement, which is another construct of recent origin, is introduced as a mediator between the workplace spirituality-outcome relationships. The conceptual model proposed indicated positive relationships between workplace spirituality and all the work outcomes with job and organisational engagement as mediators. A total of 853 secondary school teachers from state-run schools were surveyed for the research. PLS based SEM was adopted for testing the structural model. The results were generally supportive for proposed model. Workplace spirituality was found to be positively related to both forms of employee engagement. In the mediated model, mediation of job engagement was stronger for commitment, satisfaction and involvement, mediation of organisational engagement was stronger for citizenship behaviour. The one way through which workplace spirituality benefits are manifested in the organisations is through the enhancement of the engagement levels of people, which in turn is reflected in their attitudes and behaviour. The study holds important implications for the institutions functioning in the social sector. State-run schools are considered as the backbone of the educational system in the region. These are institutions at the grass root level and could exert long-term influence on the progression of the society. Hence, it is vital that the individuals associated with these institutions are able to replenish their selves, and become more dynamic, creative, and optimistic thus creating a new learning experience for the students.Item Impact of Online Reviews on Consumer based Brand Equity Dimensions and their Effects on Purchase Intention of Electronic Products in India(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2019) Chakraborty, Uttam; Bhat, SavitaConsumers are using online social media to gain and share knowledge on brands. In this virtual platform, consumers are exposed to various online reviews on brands that leave an impression of the brands on the minds of the consumers. The present study integrates three theories altogether, namely, Yale attitude change model, attribution theory and consumer based brand equity (CBBE) model proposed by Aaker (1991) to examine the factors that have an impact on perceived credible online reviews, which in turn affects CBBE dimensions, which ultimately affects consumer's purchase intention. The present study views, through the lens of Yale attitude change model, the various factors that affect perceived credible online reviews. Further, attribution theory is used as the theoretical backbone to analyze the effects of perceived credible online reviews on CBBE dimensions and finally, their effect on consumer's purchase intention. The study uses structural equation modeling to determine the measurement model, structural model and to test the hypotheses. Results indicate that source and receiver have a positive effect on perceived credible online reviews. In the context of message determinants, two out of three, namely, review quality and review consistency have a statistically significant positive effect on perceived credible online reviews. Further, perceived credible online reviews have a statistically significant positive effect on all the CBBE dimensions, namely, brand awareness, perceived value, brand personality, organization associations and perceived quality. Furthermore, all the CBBE dimensions have statistically significant positive impact on consumer's purchase intention.Item An Empirical Analysis of Legal Insider Trading in India(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2018) Anil Kumar, M.; Acharya H, RajeshThe motive of this research is to examine the insider trading behavior in the Indian stock market and to determine the profitability and information content of insider trading. It also aims to investigate the relationship between insider trading and stock market crashes. The empirical study is based on disclosures made under SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 1992 to Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), which comprises the insider transactions of all the listed companies of BSE from April 2007 to March 2015. The study uses the four-factor asset pricing model that adjusts for size, book to market and momentum factors and event study methodology. The empirical results confirm that insiders seem to have a preference for large market capitalization companies, companies with low BE/ME ratio, high momentum, and low P/E ratio. The analysis of abnormal returns to insider trading strategies shows that insider purchase portfolios earn positive abnormal return and sale portfolios earn negative abnormal return. However, outsider group does not earn significant abnormal return during the same period. The results also show that insider purchase as well as sale portfolios earn positive abnormal return in the pre-event window, whereas purchase portfolio earns positive abnormal return and sale portfolio earns negative abnormal return in the post-event window. Insider purchase and sales over a year‟s time play a major role in causing stock market jump and crash respectively. Insiders trading activity diminishes substantially just ahead of the crash or rally, whereas outsiders trading activity increases just ahead of crash of rally. The findings of the present study substantially exceed the previously documented degree of predictability of insider trading.