Browsing by Author "Poddar, M.K."

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A comprehensive study to understand removal efficiency for Cr6+ using magnetic and activated biochar through response surface methodology
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Narzari, R.; Poddar, M.K.; Bordoloi, N.; Sarmah, A.K.; Kataki, R.
This study highlights the advantageous effect of magnetic biochar (MLC) over conventional activated biochar (ALC) used for chromium adsorption from the aqueous solution. The synthesis of MLC was done using an invasive noxious weed “Lantana camara” with impregnation of iron chloride (FeCl3) on biochar surface at 25 °C. The optimum process parameters such as pH (3.01), adsorbent concentration (1.82 g/L), and adsorbate amount (161.23 mg/L) for the maximum chromium adsorption have been calculated using response surface methodology coupled with central composite design. Successful impregnation of iron on biochar with pre and post adsorption analysis has been confirmed using various characterization techniques viz. vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Among various adsorption isotherms studied, Langmuir isotherm best fits the pseudo-second-order kinetic model for analysis of actual adsorption behavior of Cr6+ ions on ALC and MLC surfaces. Biochar MLC exhibited the maximum chromium adsorption capacity of 102.03 mg/g as compared to low chromium adsorption of 94.69 mg/g using conventional ALC biochar. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021.
Application of ultrasound in microbial and algal biofuel production
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2023) Poddar, M.K.; Pattanaik, L.; Dikshit, P.K.
The application of ultrasound has received immense research attentions in the past few years due to its application in various sectors including dye degradation, pretreatment process, fuel production, bioprocessing, etc. Recently, ultrasonication has been used as a novel bioprocessing tool for enhancing biofuel production from microbial and algal biomass during the fermentation process. Additionally, this technique is also used in many areas of downstream processing such as extraction of lipids from biomass, filtration, and crystallization. The usage of ultrasonication during the fermentation process can result in the enhancement of the transfer of oxygen for aerobic culture, homogenization of biomass for the reduction in clump formation, and faster substrate transfer to biomass which further results in enhanced microbial growth. In view of this, the present chapter mainly focuses on the role of ultrasonication in microbial and algal lipid production and its extraction process with an aim for liquid biofuel production. Additionally, the influence of various operating parameters (power intensity, frequency, duration, reactor design, and kinetics) over the growth, lipid production, and extraction process are also described in detail. © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers. All rights reserved.
Basic concepts of ultrasound and its effects on fuel processing
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2023) Poddar, M.K.; Dikshit, P.K.; Chakma, S.
Ultrasound-assisted technique is well-known for process intensification via chemical and physical changes under the influence of acoustic cavitation. Acoustic cavitation is the phenomenon of nucleation, growth, and collapse of cavitation bubbles into a liquid medium that augments the reaction kinetics and the final process yield. This chapter provides a fundamental and detailed understanding of the acoustic cavitation phenomenon. It includes the history and origin of the acoustic wave and its formation, the concept of cavitation bubbles, bubble nucleation and growth mechanism, cavitation effects, and its types. Numerous process parameters, such as applied frequency, intensity, temperature, dissolved gas content, etc., also directly or indirectly influence the cavitation threshold are also highlighted. Further, the ultrasound's physical and chemical effects involving various chemical and biochemical processes to enhance the process yield are also reviewed. The mode of generation of ultrasound energy and its measurement technique are also briefly discussed. Finally, an overview of modeling and simulation of radial motion of single bubble growth, its oscillation in both ultrasound-assisted and conventional systems, and bubble growth rate under rectified diffusion are also discussed in detail. © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers. All rights reserved.
Biobased plastics and their nanocomposites: emerging trends in active and intelligent food packaging applications
(Springer, 2025) Sahota, S.; Soman, V.; Thakur, D.; Poddar, M.K.
Bio-based polymers have gained huge attention in the recent past for their application in various domains, especially food packaging. The petroleum-based polymers have a significant negative impact on the ecosystem owing to their non-biodegradability. Therefore, a sustainable yet efficient alternative is required which is both safe and non-toxic. Food packaging technologies with the latest innovations are promoting active and smart packaging applications which promise quick, safe and efficient ways to monitor the quality of stored foods. These materials are being explored in applications such as antimicrobial wraps, moisture barrier coatings, biodegradable trays, and oxygen-scavenging films. Nanotechnology has emerged as a superior alternative as it can enhance food protection while reducing the raw material requirement and waste generation. The present review focuses on the recent developments in active and smart food packaging with special emphasis on bio-based polymer nanocomposites. The various polymer nanocomposites, their properties and safety concerns with respect to food packaging are summarized in this review article besides providing prospects for the current research area. Â© Association of Food Scientists & Technologists (India) 2025.
Biobased plastics and their nanocomposites: emerging trends in active and intelligent food packaging applications
(Springer, 2025) Sahota, S.; Soman, V.; Thakur, D.; Poddar, M.K.
Bio-based polymers have gained huge attention in the recent past for their application in various domains, especially food packaging. The petroleum-based polymers have a significant negative impact on the ecosystem owing to their non-biodegradability. Therefore, a sustainable yet efficient alternative is required which is both safe and non-toxic. Food packaging technologies with the latest innovations are promoting active and smart packaging applications which promise quick, safe and efficient ways to monitor the quality of stored foods. These materials are being explored in applications such as antimicrobial wraps, moisture barrier coatings, biodegradable trays, and oxygen-scavenging films. Nanotechnology has emerged as a superior alternative as it can enhance food protection while reducing the raw material requirement and waste generation. The present review focuses on the recent developments in active and smart food packaging with special emphasis on bio-based polymer nanocomposites. The various polymer nanocomposites, their properties and safety concerns with respect to food packaging are summarized in this review article besides providing prospects for the current research area. © Association of Food Scientists & Technologists (India) 2025.
Biobased Polymers, Their Composites and Blends in Electronics
(wiley, 2024) Thakur, D.; Poddar, M.K.
[No abstract available]
Biohydrogen production from waste substrates and its techno-economic analysis
(Elsevier, 2023) Dikshit, P.K.; Poddar, M.K.; Chakma, S.
The demand for alternative energy is increasing considerably due to the fast depletion of fossil fuel reserves and increasing greenhouse gases emission, causing serious climate change. Among various alternative energy sources, biohydrogen (H2) has achieved major traction due to its distinct properties like high-energy content, recyclability, and production of water on the combustion process. Although several processes are adopted for hydrogen production from a wide range of substrates, utilization of organic feedstock using dark fermentation has proven to be one of the most promising methods among all. However, the raw material cost, which contributes around 70%–80% of the total production expenses, is the major hurdle in the successful commercialization of this process. Organic wastes can be used as an alternative to pure carbons for the reduction of production cost. This chapter summarizes biohydrogen production from various waste substrates, its production process, microorganisms involved, fermentation approaches, and various factors that influence the production along with major advantages and challenges. Additionally, techno-economic analysis of biohydrogen production on an industrial scale from various organic wastes is also discussed in detail. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Comparative evaluation of organic contamination sources from roller and pencil type PVA brushes during the Post-CMP cleaning process
(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Lee, J.-H.; Poddar, M.K.; Han, K.-M.; Ryu, H.-Y.; Yerriboina, N.P.; Kim, T.-G.; Wada, Y.; Hamada, S.; Hiyama, H.; Park, J.-G.
In post-CMP (chemical mechanical polishing) processing, the use of poly vinyl acetal (PVA) brushes to clean the wafer surface is one of the most effective and prominent techniques applied for the removal of CMP contaminants. Recently, organic contaminants induced in different types of PVA brushes during brush manufacturing have been drawing substantial research interest in CMP communities. In this study, investigated the root cause of these residual organic impurities in two different types of PVA brushes was investigated: roller and pencil type brushes. PVA roller brushes have a skin layer due to the brush molding process, but pencil-type PVA brushes do not have the skin layer. Extraction of organic impurities from both types of brushes was accomplished using an ultrasound-assisted technique at a sonication frequency of 40 kHz, and input power of 600 W. Further evaluation of these organic impurities using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed a large number of organic impurities in roller brushes and negligible impurities in pencil brushes. Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analysis confirmed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the organic impurities extracted from PVA roller brushes, which were generated during the brush manufacturing process. The PDMS content in PVA roller brushes was further analyzed using FE-SEM micrographs via dissolving the organic impurities in tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution (TMAH). During brush fabrication, the high content of PDMS organic impurities in roller PVA brushes is essentially attributed to the presence of the additional skin layer formed by the mold releasing agent at the mold-cavity interface. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Development of hybrid chitosan/zinc oxide/graphene oxide nanocomposites for potential food packaging application
(Sustainable Building Research Center, 2023) Kanted, D.; Soman, V.; Sahota, S.; Poddar, M.K.
Novel food packaging materials are becoming increasingly necessary and extensive research is underway worldwide towards developing environmentally friendly and bio-based polymers. Among various biopolymers, chitosan is the noticeable and industrially viable food packaging material and is the second most naturally available biopolymer after cellulose. This study is based on the reinforcing hybrid nanomaterials of zinc and graphene oxides into the chitosan matrix to produce a bio-based food packaging material with improved antimicrobial properties, high water resistance and thermally stable hybrid chitosan/ZnO/GO nanocomposites. Various characterization techniques such as Raman, FTIR, XRD and FE-SEM confirmed the preparation of nanofillers and their successful encapsulation into the chitosan matrix. The thermal analysis results confirmed a marked rise of 46.5 and 62.1°C at T25% and T50% respectively of hybrid nanocomposites as compared to neat chitosan. Further, the DTG analysis showed there was a significant rise of 19°C in the maximum degradation temperature for hybrid chitosan/ZnO/GO nanocomposites as compared to neat chitosan. The water vapor permeability of hybrid nanocomposites was reported at a minimum of 1.04 g.mm/m2.h.kPa against the neat chitosan of 2.22 g.mm/m2.h.kPa which confirmed the nanocomposites with improved water resistance. The antimicrobial property tested in presence of Bacillus subtilis (gram-positive bacterium) was reported maximum for hybrid chitosan/ZnO/GO nanocomposites with the highest inhibition zone of 12 mm as compared to the inhibition zone of neat chitosan, chitosan/GO, and chitosan/ZnO of 5 and 10 mm respectively. The increase in the above properties of the hybrid nanocomposites is attributed to the combined effect of hybrid nanofillers as compared to the nanocomposites with the use of single nanofillers. © International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development.
Effects of green manufacturing and technological innovations on sustainable development
(Elsevier, 2025) Poddar, M.K.; Soman, V.; Narzari, R.
This chapter offers a concise exploration of the potent link between green manufacturing technologies and the sustainable development goals (SDGs). It highlights how eco-friendly practices in the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) hold the potential to drive sustainable development. Through the adoption of green methods such as plant-based NP synthesis, microorganism and microalgae utilization, we elucidate their pivotal role in advancing SDGs related to clean energy, responsible consumption, healthcare, clean water, and the conservation of the ecosystem. The environmental hazards caused as a result of conventional synthesis methods of NPs have also been discussed in brief. This chapter also throws light on the versatile applications of NPs, from renewable energy solutions to sustainable materials. It serves as a realistic guide that emphasizes the real-world impact of green manufacturing and innovation in molding a sustainable future. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Extraction and characterization of lignin from waste invasive weeds with dioxane-based process
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Borah, A.J.; Dikshit, P.K.; Doloi, M.; Moholkar, V.S.; Poddar, M.K.
This study has put forth the concept of “control through utilization” for invasive weeds, which cause severe damage to ecosystem and biodiversity. The study comprised of extraction of lignin and pretreatment of spent biomass of four invasive weeds. Lignin was extracted from native biomass using 1,4–dioxane as solvent. Lignin yield of all biomass varied in the range 8.61 − 11.14% w/w with the solvent recovery of 75.56–78.88% v/v. Extracted lignin was characterized using FTIR, TGA, and GPC. Lignin from Mikania micrantha had the highest thermal stability (T50% = 490 °C) and molecular weight (Mw = 5537 g/mol). The spent biomass was subjected to dilute acid pretreatment for synthesis of total reducing sugars (TRS). TRS yields from different entities were as follows: non-extracted biomass = 94.18 − 221.81 mg/g, warm water wash = 8.74 − 15.66 mg/g, and raw biomass = 115.9 − 391.27 mg/g raw biomass. Biomass of Saccharum spontaneum gave the highest TRS yield. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Fundamentals of multifunctional nanostructured coatings with recent updates
(Elsevier, 2025) Poddar, M.K.; Soman, V.
This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of nanocoatings and their diverse applications. Nanocoatings are characterized by their nanoscale dimensions, typically ranging between 1 and 100nm and high-surface-to-volume ratios. They showcase remarkable properties such as protection against corrosion, wear, microbial action, and UV radiation and provide superior optical, electrical, and surface properties. Compared to the conventional coatings, the synthesis of nanocoating involves very little use of volatile organic compounds. Nanocoating is fabricated using synthesis techniques like chemical vapor deposition, electrodeposition, and Particle Vapor Deposition, etc. This chapter also discusses different types of nanocoatings reported in scientific literature, each with many applications. Ceramic-based nanocoatings, which are oxide-based ceramics like alumina (Al2O3), zirconia (ZrO2), and titania (TiO2), etc, are highlighted for their remarkable hardness and suitability for wear and corrosion-prone applications. Also, the applicability of polymer and metal matrix-based nanocoatings in packaging, automotive, thermal protection, and solar energy harnessing is emphasized; these nanocoatings find extensive potential in industries such as aerospace, transportation, and manufacturing, where superior mechanical properties and wear resistance are inevitable. To bring nanocoatings to a large scale in the future, it is essential to adapt cost-effective strategies and evaluate the adhesion between substrate and coating. Mathematic models may be developed to simulate various properties. Nature-inspired models could efficiently design nanocoatings, such as the lotus leaf effect. We also address some of the environmental challenges associated with nanocoating and emphasize the importance of considering factors like size, capping agent, and shape to mitigate such challenges. Nanocoatings offer great potential in enhancing material performance, protecting surfaces, and addressing industry challenges. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved.
Nanocatalyst-induced hydroxyl radical ( OH) slurry for tungsten CMP for next-generation semiconductor processing
(2020) Poddar, M.K.; Ryu, H.-Y.; Yerriboina, N.P.; Jeong, Y.-A.; Lee, J.-H.; Kim, T.-G.; Kim, J.-H.; Park, J.-D.; Lee, M.-G.; Park, C.-Y.; Han, S.-J.; Choi, J.-G.; Park, J.-G.
Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is one of the important steps that involves during fabrication of semiconductor devices. This research highlights the importance of tungsten (W) polishing slurries consisting of a novel nonionic, heat-activated FeSi nanocatalyst on the performance of W chemical mechanical polishing. The results obtained from the polishing data showed a higher W removal rate of 5910 /min with a slurry consisting of FeSi nanocatalyst at a polishing temperature of 80 C. The increase in W polishing rate using FeSi slurry was explained on the basis of formation of a thicker oxide layer (WO3) due to the interaction between the W surface and hydroxyl radicals ( OH) generated via the reaction between FeSi and hydrogen peroxide at 80 C. Higher OH generation and increase in oxygen depth profile of W film were confirmed by UV Vis spectrometer and AES analysis, respectively. Compared to Fe(NO3)3 catalyst, the slurry with FeSi showed a higher static etch rate at 80 C. Potentiodynamic polarization results obtained using FeSi slurry showed thicker WO3 passivation layer as compared to the slurry with Fe(NO3)3. The increase in the polishing rate of W CMP using slurry with FeSi nanocatalyst can be essentially attributed to the generation of much stronger oxidant OH due to its increased catalytic effect at a high polishing temperature of 80 C. 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Nanocatalyst-induced hydroxyl radical (·OH) slurry for tungsten CMP for next-generation semiconductor processing
(Springer, 2020) Poddar, M.K.; Ryu, H.-Y.; Yerriboina, N.P.; Jeong, Y.-A.; Lee, J.-H.; Kim, T.-G.; Kim, J.-H.; Park, J.-D.; Lee, M.-G.; Park, C.-Y.; Han, S.-J.; Choi, J.-G.; Park, J.-G.
Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is one of the important steps that involves during fabrication of semiconductor devices. This research highlights the importance of tungsten (W) polishing slurries consisting of a novel nonionic, heat-activated FeSi nanocatalyst on the performance of W chemical mechanical polishing. The results obtained from the polishing data showed a higher W removal rate of 5910 Å/min with a slurry consisting of FeSi nanocatalyst at a polishing temperature of 80 °C. The increase in W polishing rate using FeSi slurry was explained on the basis of formation of a thicker oxide layer (WO3) due to the interaction between the W surface and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) generated via the reaction between FeSi and hydrogen peroxide at 80 °C. Higher ·OH generation and increase in oxygen depth profile of W film were confirmed by UV–Vis spectrometer and AES analysis, respectively. Compared to Fe(NO3)3 catalyst, the slurry with FeSi showed a higher static etch rate at 80 °C. Potentiodynamic polarization results obtained using FeSi slurry showed thicker WO3 passivation layer as compared to the slurry with Fe(NO3)3. The increase in the polishing rate of W CMP using slurry with FeSi nanocatalyst can be essentially attributed to the generation of much stronger oxidant ·OH due to its increased catalytic effect at a high polishing temperature of 80 °C. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Particle Removal by Surfactants During Semiconductor Cleaning
(Elsevier, 2022) Yerriboina, N.P.; Park, J.-G.; Poddar, M.K.
Particle removal during semiconductor processing is very crucial to meet the requirements of device reliability and yield. Several process steps are involved during semiconductor manufacturing, and cleaning steps are necessary before and after each processing step to make the wafer surface ready for the next process. As wafers may have different kinds of surfaces and particulate contaminants, the cleaning should be carefully optimized to provide the necessary physical forces and/or chemical forces. In this chapter, two major semiconductor processing steps are discussed for the application of surfactants in removing particles: wafer cleaning and PCMP (post-chemical mechanical planarization) cleaning. There are several issues or challenges to remove the particles from these processing steps. Surfactants play a critical role in preventing the redeposition of the particles during the cleaning process by modifying surfaces to have repulsive interaction forces between particles and wafer surfaces. Some typical surfactants used for the semiconductor cleaning process and their characteristics are discussed. Various mechanisms involved in particle removal by surfactants are explained. They also play an important role in Si wafer cleaning in controlling the etch rates by adsorbing on the wafer surface. A PCMP cleaning is necessary to remove the slurry particles attached to the different substrates (such as dielectrics, metals, III-V materials) after the CMP process. These particles are removed by adding suitable surfactants to the cleaning solutions. The role of surfactants in particle removal depends on the type of substrate. A variety of surfactants used for the PCMP cleaning process are also discussed. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Throughflow on thermosolutal convection in fluid–porous systems with relevance to tissue engineering scaffolds
(Informa UK Ltd, 2025) y H, G.; Poddar, M.K.; Yadav, C.B.K.; Kumar, D.; Giri, J.; Thanikodi, T.; Prasad, C.D.; Kumar, P.; Ammarullah, M.I.
This theoretical study investigates the effects of throughflow on the onset of double-diffusive (thermosolutal) convection within a two-layer system comprising a free fluid region overlying a porous medium, both saturated with a binary fluid mixture. The system is examined under thermally insulating boundary conditions, and the coupled governing equations are derived using the Boussinesq approximation. A linear stability analysis is performed via the normal mode method, and the critical conditions for the onset of convection are obtained using a regular perturbation technique. The analysis reveals that an aiding (cooperative) buoyancy force reduces the critical Rayleigh number, enhancing the onset of convection, while an opposing force suppresses convective activity. Upward throughflows exert a stabilizing effect on the system, whereas downward throughflows lead to destabilization. It is also observed that lower Darcy numbers, indicative of reduced permeability in the porous layer, inhibit convective motion, while higher Lewis numbers promote it due to enhanced solutal diffusivity. These results offer fundamental insights into transport phenomena in porous media and can inform the design and optimization of tissue engineering scaffolds, where fluid and nutrient transport through porous biomaterials is critical for cell viability and function. The findings underline the importance of flow configuration, scaffold permeability, and diffusive properties in governing mass and heat transport in biomedical systems. Graphical representations of vertical velocity distributions and stability boundaries further elucidate the interaction of physical parameters influencing the convective regime. © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Transitions toward sustainable E-waste management plans
(Elsevier, 2023) Sahota, S.; Poddar, M.K.; Narzari, R.
The last few decades have witnessed the advancement in electrical and electronic appliances and their applications have revolutionized human’s daily life. However, at the same time excessive electronics wastes (E-waste) and hazardous materials associated with this E-waste have caused serious concerns to the environment and all living organisms. Sustainable E-waste management to control and mitigate the E-waste generation and its conversion into value-added products are of utmost importance to protect the environment and healthy lifestyle. This chapter discusses the overview of E-waste generation and its impact on the environment and humans. The chapter also covers the worldwide technological aspects being used to achieve an effective E-waste management system. Various E-waste management models and government policy for successful implementation of these models in most of the developed and developing countries are also discussed. The studies revealed that Switzerland is the first country that successfully implemented the sustainable E-waste management system with recycling of approximate 11kg/capita of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment against a targeted value of 4kg/capita set by European unions. In the end, the challenges and future perspectives to achieve sustainable E-waste management are also discussed. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Tungsten passivation layer (WO3) formation mechanisms during chemical mechanical planarization in the presence of oxidizers
(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Poddar, M.K.; Jalalzai, P.; Sahir, S.; Yerriboina, N.P.; Kim, T.-G.; Park, J.-G.
Effects of single and mixed oxidants of Fe(NO3)3 and H2O2 containing acidic silica slurries were studied to investigate the mechanism of tungsten (W) chemical mechanical planarization (CMP). The W polishing rate obtained from the CMP test depicted high W polishing rate in the presence of mixed oxidants of Fe(NO3)3 and H2O2 as compared to a single oxidant of either H2O2 or Fe(NO3)3. The formation of a passive layer of tungsten oxide (WO3) and W dissolution could be the reason for these results as confirmed by XPS. Further investigation revealed that the generation of much stronger oxidants of hydroxyl radicals ([rad]OH) was solely responsible for WO3 layer formation. Quantitative evaluation of [rad]OH generation was estimated using a UV–visible spectrophotometer and confirmed that in-situ generation of hydroxyl radicals ([rad]OH) could be a main driving force for the high W polishing rate by converting a hard W film into a soft passive film of WO3. WO3 film formation was further confirmed using potentiodynamic polarization studies, which showed a smaller value of corrosion current density (Icorr) in mixed oxidants of Fe(NO3)3 and H2O2 as compared to the large values of Icorr observed for H2O2 alone. This study revealed that a single oxidizer of either Fe(NO3)3 or H2O2 was not capable of achieving a high W removal rate. Rather, only mixed oxidants of Fe(NO3)3 and H2O2 could cause a high W polishing rate due to excessive in-situ generation of [rad]OH radicals during the W CMP process. © 2020
Ultrasound assisted synthesis of polymer nanocomposites: a review
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Soman, V.; Vishwakarma, K.; Poddar, M.K.
The potential of ultrasonication as a technique to enhance the production of polymer nanocomposites is examined in this review paper. Polymer nanocomposites have been widely employed in recent years because of their remarkable mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. The article focuses on the application of several synthesis techniques, including solvent casting, 3D printing, electrospinning, and template synthesis. It has been established that uniformly dispersing nanoparticles inside the polymer matrix during ultrasonication can greatly improve the quality of nanocomposites. Recent research has shown that nanocomposites made using ultrasonication have improved mechanical and thermal stability. However, scaling up these techniques remains a challenge and requires further research. Â© 2023, The Polymer Society, Taipei.
Ultrasound assisted synthesis of polymer nanocomposites: a review
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Soman, V.; Vishwakarma, K.; Poddar, M.K.
The potential of ultrasonication as a technique to enhance the production of polymer nanocomposites is examined in this review paper. Polymer nanocomposites have been widely employed in recent years because of their remarkable mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. The article focuses on the application of several synthesis techniques, including solvent casting, 3D printing, electrospinning, and template synthesis. It has been established that uniformly dispersing nanoparticles inside the polymer matrix during ultrasonication can greatly improve the quality of nanocomposites. Recent research has shown that nanocomposites made using ultrasonication have improved mechanical and thermal stability. However, scaling up these techniques remains a challenge and requires further research. © 2023, The Polymer Society, Taipei.