Browsing by Author "Naik, S."

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A Negative Effect of Niobium-Doped Ceria on Soot Oxidation Activity‡
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Patil, S.S.; Naik, S.; Ramesh, M.D.; Harshini, H.; Prasad Dasari, H.P.
Niobium-doped ceria catalysts were synthesized to study soot oxidation activity. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis of the samples revealed the presence of a fluorite structure of CeO2 for all the doped samples. The T50 temperature of the pure CeO2 sample was more significant than that of bare soot. The high catalytic activity of the CeO2 catalyst can be attributed to the low crystallite size, high facet ratio, and the large Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area as compared to Nb-doped samples. The activation energy calculated by both Ozawa and KAS methods were found to be low for CeO2 when compared to Nb-doped samples. CeO2 resulted in better soot oxidation activity with low activation energy. © 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH
A novel and ultrasensitive high-surface porous carbon-based electrochemical biosensor for early detection of dengue virus
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Hegde, S.S.; Naik, S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; Mishra, P.; Udayakumar, D.; Ahmed, M.U.; Santos, G.N.
Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral infection, poses a significant global health threat, and early diagnosis is crucial for effective disease management. The utilization of advanced materials in the design ensures an improved surface area, facilitating a heightened interaction between the sensor and the target. In this study, the incorporation of biomass-derived high-surface porous carbon-based materials not only contributed to the sensor's sensitivity but also ensured a cost-effective and scalable manufacturing process. The electrochemical nature of the biosensor added a layer of precision to the detection process and offered a reliable, rapid method for identifying the infection of the dengue virus. The enhanced sensitivity of the biosensor allowed the detection of even trace amounts of the NS1 protein, enabling early diagnosis in the initial stages of dengue infection. The system exhibited a high sensitivity with a wide linear range between 1 pg/mL and 100 μg/mL, and the extremely low detection limit of 0.665 pg/mL ranks this as one of the most efficient biosensors for the detection of dengue virus NS1 protein. Selectivity studies, coupled with computational insights, showcased the biosensor's prowess in distinguishing NS1 protein from potential interfering substances, laying the foundation for reliable diagnostics in complex biological matrices. Real sample analysis using human serum spiked with NS1 protein offers a tantalizing glimpse into the transformative potential of biosensors in real-world scenarios. This innovative biosensor holds great promise for addressing the pressing need for early detection of dengue virus infections. © 2024 The Authors
Assessing Flood Susceptibility Using GIS and AHP Method: Case of Mandovi River Basin, Goa
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Rajeev, R.; Naik, S.; Nivedha, N.
This research focuses on performing a comprehensive flood susceptibility analysis in the Mandovi river basin in Goa, in order to increase flood resilience. The study employs the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model and geographic information system (GIS) techniques to prioritize and map various factors influencing flood susceptibility. Beginning with an extensive background review and preliminary analysis, the research involves the generation of parameter maps, including distance from rivers, topographic wetness index (TWI), drainage density, rainfall, elevation, slope, land use and land cover (LULC), soil type, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and distance from roads. Applying a weighted overlay method, these parameters are integrated to develop a flood susceptibility map, classifying areas within the basin as very high, high, moderate, or low and very low susceptible to flooding. Each parameter has been reclassified based on chances of the class being very high susceptible to very low susceptible to flooding. The conclusion from the susceptibility map was that higher elevation and slope are associated with lower flood susceptibility, while distance to the river, topographic wetness index (TWI), drainage density, and high vegetation areas are factors that increase susceptibility to flooding. It provides a comprehensive classification of potential flood risk in various areas within the basin underscoring the importance of flood risk assessment in comprehending the intricate interplay of factors contributing to flooding. It proposes basin-level interventions as strategic measures to mitigate the impact of floods, contributing valuable insights for formulating measures to reduce the vulnerability of the Mandovi river basin to flooding. The findings hold significance for informed land-use planning, zoning regulations, and targeted mitigation measures. In summary, this research offers a comprehensive understanding of flood susceptibility in the Mandovi river basin, providing a valuable foundation for proactive flood resilience strategies in the region. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.
Benzothiazole derivatives as p53-MDM2 inhibitors: in-silico design, ADMET predictions, molecular docking, MM-GBSA Assay, MD simulations studies
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Shridhar Deshpande, N.; Naik, S.; Udayakumar, U.; Ghate, S.D.; Dixit, S.R.; Awasthi, A.; Revanasiddappa, B.C.
Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent malignancy among the female populace. One of the pivotal domains in the therapeutic landscape of breast cancer revolves around the precise targeting of the p53-MDM2 inhibitory pathway. The advent of p53-MDM2 inhibition in the context of developing treatments for breast cancer marks a significant stride. In the quest for enhancing the efficacy of p53-MDM2 inhibition against breast cancer, a new series of benzothiazole compounds (B1-B30) was designed through in-silico methodologies in the present work. Using Schrodinger Maestro, the compounds underwent molecular docking assessments against the p53-MDM2 target (PDB: 4OGT). Compared to reference compounds, B25 and B12 exhibited notably elevated glide scores. Extensive in-silico studies, including ADMET and toxicity evaluations, were performed to predict pharmacokinetics, drug likeness, and toxicity. All compounds adhered to Lipinski criteria, signifying favorable oral drug properties. The MM-GBSA analysis indicated consistent binding free energies. Molecular dynamics simulations for B25 over 200 ns assessed complex stability and interactions. In summary, these compounds exhibit potential for future cancer therapy medication development. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Click chemistry assisted synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as promising antitubercular agents: Design, characterization, in-vitro biological evaluation, molecular docking, DFT and in-silico ADME studies
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) P, D.; Naik, S.; Veeranagaiah, N.S.; Udayakumar, U.
In this work, the molecular hybridization approach was employed to design a series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine -1,2,3-triazole derivatives (P1-P18), and the designed hybrid molecules were synthesized using a click chemistry protocol. The structure of one of the final compounds P10, was validated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction investigation. Among these 18 compounds, P3, P13, and P15 demonstrated encouraging antitubercular action against the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 12.05 and 11.95 µM of (P3 and P13) or 6.75 µM (P15). In addition, at various concentrations, the target compounds demonstrated strong antifungal activity against P. anomala and A. flavus and antibacterial activity against S. aureus and Escherichia coli. The potent anti-TB agents (P3, P13, and P15) are non-toxic in the toxicity test performed using VERO cell lines. Furthermore, In-silico ADME, molecular docking (with InhA and CYP121), and DFT analysis data revealed that the active compounds have substantial potential as candidates for the development of novel antitubercular medicines. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Compact Single-Inductor Dual-Input Boost Converter Design for EV Applications
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Koushik; Naik, S.; Moger, T.; Jena, D.
This paper introduces a new non-isolated DC-DC converter designed for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The existing topologies consists of many components, leading to increased conduction and switching losses. This results in lower efficiency and more complex control, which ultimately reduces the overall performance of the converter. The proposed converter is compact, efficient, and uses fewer components, making it suitable for systems with space and cost constraints. Detailed analysis, including steady-state and small-signal modeling, is carried out to ensure reliable performance under different conditions. A stable controller is designed using the K-factor method. The design is tested using MATLAB/Simulink simulations in both open-loop and closed-loop setups to study its performance, efficiency, and response. The results are further verified through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing with OPAL-RT, linking the theoretical design to practical implementation. Â© 2025 IEEE.
Comparative Analysis of Multi-Port DC-DC Converters for Electric Vehicle Applications
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Naik, S.; Shetty, L.G.; Jena, D.; Moger, T.
To provide an adequate energy infrastructure for electric vehicles. Multi-port converters offer superior design and execution capabilities than single-port converters, making them particularly advantageous for Electric Vehicles(EVs), The non isolated multi-port dc-dc converter(MPC) topologies are employed in regulating the power distribution across various modules, including photovoltaic (PV) systems, fuel cells (FC), batteries, energy storage systems (ESS), and loads. In this paper few topologies, Multiinput Multioutput (MIMO) boost converter, Dualinput Dualoutput (DIDO) converter, Dualinput hybrid step-up converter(DIHDC), and Four-port converter(FPC), are studied. This will give a thorough analysis of each topology and a detailed performance comparison to aid in the complete under-standing of the benefits and downsides. This study compares a number of components, modes of operation, direction of power flow capability, and design aspects. The simulations study are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink, and are validated with OPAL-RT. Â© 2024 IEEE.
Design, synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of novel pyrazine-1,3,4-oxadiazole/[1,2,4] triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine hybrids as potent antimycobacterial agents
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Naik, S.; Dinesha, P.; Udayakumar, U.; Shetty, V.P.; Deekshit, V.K.
In this study, we present novel pyrazine-1,3,4-oxadiazole hybrids (T1-T9) and [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine derivatives (T10-T18), which possess remarkable antimicrobial activity. These compounds have been meticulously scrutinized for their efficacy in combatting the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain. Three compounds T7, T8, and T17 showed promising antitubercular activity with MIC of 1.56 µg/mL. The target compounds are also evaluated for their antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. mutans, E. coli, and S. Typhi, and antifungal activity against A. niger. Most of the compounds showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. All the active compounds exhibited very low toxicity and none of the active compounds were toxic to the normal cells. To deepen our understanding of these compounds, an in-silico ADME, and molecular docking analysis against the DprE1 enzyme were conducted, followed by DFT studies to shed some light on their electronic properties, and enhance our grasp of their pharmacological potential. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Effect of temperature on tribological behavior of L–proline–based green deep eutectic solvents for Ti6Al4V interfaces: A study of novel potential lubricant
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Kumar Patro, B.D.; Naik, S.; Suvin, P.S.; Udayakumar, U.; Kreivaitis, R.
This study aims to develop a novel, eco-friendly lubricant engineered to meet antiwear requirements, reduce energy consumption, and improve performance reliability. A series of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was successfully synthesized using a facile, one-step approach by combining eco-friendly L-Proline with diols and two distinct carboxylic acids as hydrogen bond donors. The resulting DES lubricants exhibit favourable physicochemical properties and excellent lubrication performance. Notably, the L-Proline /Oxalic acid DES demonstrates superior lubrication performance, resulting in a substantial decrease in both friction (?46–78 %) and wear volume (?61–91 %) compared to PEG 200 and choline chloride/urea across all tested temperatures. Furthermore, in-depth analysis of the worn surfaces reveals the formation of a tribo-chemical film derived from L-Proline based DESs, consisting of hydrocarbon (CxHy), oxy metal nitride (Ti-N-O) fragments, along with titanium oxide/hydroxide-rich layer. This film plays a vital role in delivering effective lubrication for titanium alloy surfaces. These findings pave the way for designing eco-friendly, high-performance lubricants for sustainable lubrication practices. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
Elucidating mechanisms and DFT analysis of monometallic Vanadium incorporated nanoporous TiO2 as advanced material for enzyme-free electrochemical blood glucose biosensors with exceptional performance tailored for point-of-care applications
(Elsevier Inc., 2024) Rao, L.; Rodney, J.D.; Naik, S.; Udayakumar, U.; Udayashankar, N.K.; Kim, B.C.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.
Diabetes is a chronic condition that can last a lifetime and has claimed a great number of lives in recent years. This motivated scientists to design a glucose biosensor to monitor and control blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. Herein, hydrothermal derived Vanadium (V), Nickel (Ni), and Cobalt (Co)-doped TiO2 (MxTi1-xO2 (x = 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03)) was synthesized to achieve the best material to answer the pertaining problem. Of all the materials synthesized, V0.03Ti0.97O2@NF demonstrated the highest level of sensitivity, and selectivity, and has higher electrochemical cycling stability in 0.1 M KOH. It exhibits a very high sensitivity of 1129.31 μAmM-1cm-2 and Limits of Detection (LOD) and Limits of Quantification (LOQ) of 1.8 μM (S/N = 3) and 6.2 μM, respectively, with a broad linear range from 20 μM to 2 mM. The DFT approach was employed computationally to analyze the adsorption of glucose on surfaces of pure TiO2 and TiO2 doped with V, Ni, and Co respectively. The research findings highlight that when it comes to its interaction with glucose, pure TiO2 exhibits significantly less reactivity compared to transition metal-doped TiO2. Experimentally it shows that the V0.03Ti0.97O2@NF surface has the most sensitive glucose detection capability and it also exhibited significant selectivity towards glucose in the presence of additional interference. It demonstrated 100% retention after cycling stability and had a shelf life of ≃30 days. The V0.03Ti0.97O2@NF-based sensor exhibits accurate glucose sensing, even for human serum samples. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Hydrazineyl-linked imidazole[1,2-a]pyrimidine-thiazole hybrids: design, synthesis, and in vitro biological evaluation studies
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025) Dinesha, P.; Naik, S.; Udayakumar, U.; Revanasiddappa, B.C.; Ranjan, V.; Veeranagaiah, N.S.
This research work details the use of a molecular hybridization technique to create a library of four series of hydrazineyl-linked imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-thiazole derivatives. The structure of one of the final products, K2, was validated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Twenty-six novel hybrid molecules (K1-K26) were synthesized and tested for activity against the mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. Three compounds (K1, K2, and K3) demonstrated significant inhibitory efficacy, with a MIC value of 1.6 ?g mL?1. The target compounds also showed significant antibacterial activity against four bacterial strains, namely S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis, and P. aeruginosa. In cytotoxicity studies using VERO cells, the potent anti-TB compounds (K1, K2, and K3) showed non-toxic profiles. Furthermore, in silico ADME assessment results, molecular docking (against InhA and CYP121), and DFT studies revealed the active compounds' significant potential as scaffolds for novel antitubercular medicines. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-Linked Pyridine, Pyrazine, and Pyrimidine Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, and Antitubercular Activity Evaluation
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Puttachari, D.; Naik, S.; Veeranagaiah, N.S.; Udayakumar, U.
In this study, a molecular hybridization strategy was used to design a series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-linked pyridine, pyrazine, and pyrimidine derivatives (T1–T20) and the hybrid compounds were synthesized via a multistep procedure. The structure of one of the target compounds T11, was studied using single-crystal X-ray diffraction investigation. These final molecules were thoroughly tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain, and compound T11 showed the best activity with MIC of 0.8 µg/mL, while compounds T5 and T18 showed promising inhibition activity (MIC 3.12 µg/mL). The target compounds were further tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, finding the MIC and MBC values. Many of the compounds exhibited notable antibacterial properties. The promising anti-TB drugs (T5, T11, and T18) were shown to be nontoxic in toxicity studies on VERO cell lines. The combined results from in silico ADME, molecular docking, and DFT studies indicate that the active compounds possess strong potential as antitubercular candidates. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
In Silico Studies of (Z)-3-(2-Chloro-4-Nitrophenyl)-5-(4-Nitrobenzylidene)-2-Thioxothiazolidin-4-One Derivatives as PPAR-γ Agonist: Design, Molecular Docking, MM-GBSA Assay, Toxicity Predictions, DFT Calculations and MD Simulation Studies
(World Scientific, 2024) Gowdru Srinivasa, M.G.; Naik, S.; Udayakumar, U.; Mehta, C.H.; Nayak, U.Y.; Revanasiddappa, B.C.
Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder, arises from insufficient insulin levels or increased insulin resistance. An alternative approach to address this pathogenesis involves targeting PPAR-γ, which activates glucose homeostasis and improves peripheral glucose utilization. In this study, we aimed to investigate the designed 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one derivatives (T1-25) and assess their potential as PPAR-γ regulators by an in silico approach. Physicochemical properties and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) profiles were evaluated. Docking studies were performed using Schrödinger software, with the protein target being PPAR-γ (PDB ID: 2ZNO). Additionally, MD simulation studies were conducted, and the key interactions in the protein-ligand complexes were identified. The results demonstrate the drug-likeness of compounds T11, T24 and T25, with docking scores of -7.953 kcal/mol, -7.973 kcal/ mol and -8.212 kcal/mol, respectively, and exhibit significant activity against PPAR-γ agonist and compared with the standard drug Pioglitazone (-7.367 kcal/mol). The density functional calculations were also performed to determine the geometrical properties, thermal parameters, chemical reactivity descriptors and molecular electrostatic potential of the compounds using the B3LYP functional and 6-31G++ basis sets. The energy difference between the highest occupied molecular orbitals and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals for all the investigated compounds is in the range of 2.8-3.4 eV which allows for easy transfer of electrons and reactivity. Further research and development of these designed compounds could contribute to the advancement of effective antidiabetic treatments. © 2024 World Scientific Publishing Company.
l-Arginine-Functionalized Mild Etchant-Derived Nb2CTtoggle="yes">xMXene for Electrochemical Dual Nucleotide Sensing
(American Chemical Society, 2025) Ankitha, M.; Anas, M.; Naik, S.; Udayakumar, U.; Rasheed, P.A.
5?-Ribonucleotides, such as guanosine 5?-monophosphate (GMP) and adenosine 5?-monophosphate (AMP), are major contributors to the umami flavor of meat, serve as freshness indicators, and are central to physiological processes, including energy metabolism, immune modulation, and cardiovascular regulation. Conventional chromatographic methods (HPLC–MS/MS and LC–MS) provide accurate measurements but are constrained by high cost, complex workflows, and poor portability, limiting their use in rapid food quality assessment. This work aims to develop a sensitive, portable, and low-cost electrochemical platform for simultaneous GMP and AMP detection. For the first time, Nb2CTxMXene was synthesized via rapid, HF-free scalable production by using a molten salt etching with NH4HF2at 130 °C. MXene was then functionalized with poly-l-arginine (pARG) by electropolymerization, which generated a cationic, hydrogen-bonding network to overcome charge repulsion with nucleotides and promote efficient electron transfer. The density functional theory (DFT) adsorption energy calculations confirmed pARG as the optimal functional monomer, showing stronger binding to GMP/AMP compared to other monomers. The resulting pARG/Nb2CTx-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) represents the first ever reported electrochemical sensor capable of simultaneously detecting GMP and AMP. The developed sensor exhibited linear ranges of 100–1000 nM with detection limits of 84.5 nM (for GMP) and 43.3 nM (for AMP), alongside excellent reproducibility, stability, and reliable operation in real meat tissue samples. This study establishes the first molten salt synthesis method of Nb2CTxand the first dual-sensing platform for GMP/AMP. In addition, the HF-free, low-temperature synthesis route, together with a cost-effective sensing design, underscores the sustainability of this approach, offering a scalable, selective, and eco-friendly strategy for food freshness monitoring and nucleotide biomarker analysis. © 2025 American Chemical Society
Mechanistic insights and DFT analysis of bimetal doped styrofoam-like LaFeO3 perovskites with in-built dual redox couples for enhanced Photo-Fenton degradation of Tetracycline
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) James, A.; Naik, S.; Rodney, J.D.; Joshi, S.; Udayakumar, U.; Kim, B.C.; Udayashankar, N.K.
The rising number of contaminants released into the environment and the inadequacies of traditional wastewater treatment techniques have led to the demand for enhanced oxidation technologies like photo-Fenton. In this study, bimetal co-doped lanthanum orthoferrite (BixLa1-xCuyFe1-yO3 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1; y = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15)) based photo-Fenton catalysts with the in-built redox couples Fe3+/Fe2+, Cu2+/Cu+ and oxygen vacancies have been successfully synthesised via a facile one-pot solution combustion route. Systematic studies show that the Bi0.05La0.95Cu0.1Fe0.9O3 (LFOBC) exhibits an optimal photo-Fenton degradation rate of 0.0497/min for Tetracycline (TC) removal, being ∼ 1.8 and ∼ 6.2 times greater than Bi0.05La0.95FeO3 (LFOB) and pristine LaFeO3 (LFO) respectively. DFT analysis confirmed the better adsorption and dissociation of H2O2 on a bimetal co-doped catalyst and identified the electron density difference in LFOBC, which can induce the H2O2 dissociation. A detailed investigation of various influencing reaction parameters is explored. The degradation pathway for the LFOBC catalyst with the toxicological characteristics of each intermediate is analysed. This study presents the Bi0.05La0.95Cu0.1Fe0.9O3 as a potential photocatalyst for enhanced photo-Fenton degradation with excellent efficiency observed for the degradation of various harmful pollutants for environmental remediation. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
Noncovalent inhibitors of DprE1 for tuberculosis treatment: design, synthesis, characterization, in vitro and in silico studies of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinazolinylpyrazine-2-carboxamides
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Naik, S.; Dinesha, P.; Udayakumar, U.
In this study, we present a novel series of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinazolinylpyrazine-2-carboxamide derivatives, which exert their inhibitory effect on decaprenylphosphoryl-?-D-ribose 2’-epimerase (DprE1) via the establishment of non-covalent interactions with the pivotal Cys387 residue located within the enzyme’s active site. These compounds underwent scrutiny for their efficacy in combatting the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain, and compounds T8 and T13 exhibited promising antitubercular activity, boasting a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 7.99 and 8.27 µM respectively. Additionally, three compounds, T2, T3 and T12, showcased substantial antibacterial activity whereas compounds T12 and T13 exhibited pronounced antifungal efficacy. Remarkably, all active compounds demonstrated negligible cytotoxicity, and none posed harm to normal cells. To attain a more profound comprehension of the attributes of these compounds, we conducted in silico investigations to evaluate their Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion properties. Additionally, molecular docking analyses were executed to elucidate their interactions with the DprE1 enzyme. Finally, Density Functional Theory studies were leveraged to explore the electronic characteristics of these compounds, thereby providing insights into their potential utility in the realm of pharmaceuticals. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Plant-Based Treatments for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2025) Naik, S.; Udayakumar, D.; Issah, H.N.
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are long-term respiratory disorders characterized by airway inflammation, blockage, and oxidative stress. These conditions compromise lung function and negatively impact overall quality of life. While conventional medications are effective, they can often lead to undesirable side effects, sparking interest in alternative therapeutic approaches. Plant-based therapies, leveraging bioactive compounds found in medicinal herbs, present promising complementary or alternative options. Natural compounds like flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and bronchodilatory effects, which can help alleviate symptoms of asthma and COPD. This chapter explores the therapeutic potential of plant-based treatments, examining species like Boswellia serrata, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Curcuma longa, which have demonstrated positive outcomes in both preclinical and clinical research. Topics include the mechanisms by which these phytochemicals exert therapeutic effects, their health benefits, and the challenges in incorporating plant-based remedies into conventional care. Additionally, the chapter discusses current research gaps and future directions to improve the safety, efficacy, and availability of plant-derived treatments for respiratory diseases, aiming to reduce dependence on synthetic medications. © 2025 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Quadratic Switched Inductor-Capacitor Multi-Port Converter for DC Microgrid Application
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Naik, S.; Jena, D.; Moger, T.
This article presents a Multi-Port Quadratic Switched Inductor-Capacitor DC-DC converter topology tailored for DC-microgrid applications. A Non-isolated Quadratic Switched Inductor-Capacitor Multi-Port Converter (QSICMPC) is proposed, and designed to integrate hybrid energy sources efficiently to generate the constant load voltage for DC-Microgrid. The cross-connected capacitors with output side inductor in the converter function as voltage doubler circuit, providing an additional voltage boost. Compared to existing converters, the proposed design requires fewer components while achieving a higher voltage gain. Furthermore, it features continuous input current, reduced diode voltage stress, and lower voltage ratings for passive components. The converter offers a wider voltage gain range and reduced voltage stress on power switches. This study highlights its operational modes and detailed steady-state analysis, and comparisons are underscoring the significance of the proposed design. Â© 2025 IEEE.
Single Inductor Dual-Input Boost DC-DC Converter for Electrical Vehicle Applications
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Shetty, L.G.; Naik, S.; Moger, T.; Jena, D.
The implementation of single inductor dual input boost dc-dc converter is discussed in this paper which is useful in Electric Vehicle(EV) applications. The circuit is compact and have a limited number of components. The proposed converter has potential to be advantageous due to its simple form, good voltage amplification ratio, and comparatively greater efficiency. The steady-state analysis is studied in detailed. The required transfer functions were generated from a thorough dynamic study of the converter based on the converters small signal model. The simulations are done using the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The results are validated with the Hardware in Loop (Opal-RT). Â© 2024 IEEE.
Structure-based drug design and characterization of novel pyrazine hydrazinylidene derivatives with a benzenesulfonate scaffold as noncovalent inhibitors of DprE1 tor tuberculosis treatment
(Springer Nature, 2024) Naik, S.; Dinesha, P.; Udayakumar, D.
In this study, we present a novel series of (E)-4-((2-(pyrazine-2-carbonyl) hydrazineylidene)methyl)phenyl benzenesulfonate (T1-T8) and 4-((E)-(((Z)-amino(pyrazin-2-yl)methylene)hydrazineylidene)methyl)phenyl benzenesulfonate (T9-T16) derivatives which exert their inhibitory effects on decaprenylphosphoryl-?-D-ribose 2'-epimerase (DprE1) through the formation of hydrogen bonds with the pivotal active site Cys387 residue. Their effectiveness against the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain was examined and notably, three compounds (namely T4, T7, and T12) exhibited promising antitubercular activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.56 µg/mL. The target compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against a range of bacterial strains, encompassing S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. mutans, E. coli, S. typhi, and K. pneumoniae. Additionally, their antifungal efficacy against A. fumigatus and A. niger also was scrutinized. Compounds T6 and T12 demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, while compound T6 exhibited substantial antifungal activity. Importantly, all of these active compounds demonstrated exceedingly low toxicity without any adverse effects on normal cells. To deepen our understanding of these compounds, we have undertaken an in silico analysis encompassing Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) considerations. Furthermore, molecular docking analyses against the DprE1 enzyme was conducted and Density-Functional Theory (DFT) studies were employed to elucidate the electronic properties of the compounds, thereby enhancing our understanding of their pharmacological potential. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.