Browsing by Author "Hegde, S.S."

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A novel and ultrasensitive high-surface porous carbon-based electrochemical biosensor for early detection of dengue virus
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Hegde, S.S.; Naik, S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; Mishra, P.; Udayakumar, D.; Ahmed, M.U.; Santos, G.N.
Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral infection, poses a significant global health threat, and early diagnosis is crucial for effective disease management. The utilization of advanced materials in the design ensures an improved surface area, facilitating a heightened interaction between the sensor and the target. In this study, the incorporation of biomass-derived high-surface porous carbon-based materials not only contributed to the sensor's sensitivity but also ensured a cost-effective and scalable manufacturing process. The electrochemical nature of the biosensor added a layer of precision to the detection process and offered a reliable, rapid method for identifying the infection of the dengue virus. The enhanced sensitivity of the biosensor allowed the detection of even trace amounts of the NS1 protein, enabling early diagnosis in the initial stages of dengue infection. The system exhibited a high sensitivity with a wide linear range between 1 pg/mL and 100 μg/mL, and the extremely low detection limit of 0.665 pg/mL ranks this as one of the most efficient biosensors for the detection of dengue virus NS1 protein. Selectivity studies, coupled with computational insights, showcased the biosensor's prowess in distinguishing NS1 protein from potential interfering substances, laying the foundation for reliable diagnostics in complex biological matrices. Real sample analysis using human serum spiked with NS1 protein offers a tantalizing glimpse into the transformative potential of biosensors in real-world scenarios. This innovative biosensor holds great promise for addressing the pressing need for early detection of dengue virus infections. © 2024 The Authors
Biomass waste-derived porous graphitic carbon for high-performance supercapacitors
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.
Porous carbons possess considerable appeal and are in high demand as materials that can be produced from biomass waste. This study presents the transformation of Tectona grandis (Teak) sawdust into porous carbon materials, referred to as Tectona grandis sawdust-derived porous carbon (TPC), through a cost-effective FeCl3-assisted carbonization process, followed by a KOH activation. TPC samples were synthesized by carbonization at different temperatures (650–850 °C) and characterized comprehensively. Structural analysis via X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed a progressive enhancement in graphitic structure and reduction of functional groups with increasing activation temperature. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed the development of intricate hollow tube-like porous networks in TPC-850, with the highest specific surface area (1767.66 m2/g) and pore volume (1.43 cm3/g). Electrochemical investigations showcased the superior performance of TPC-850 as a supercapacitor electrode due to its high graphitic nature, large surface area, and well-structured porosity. The galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) measurements exhibited a high specific capacitance of 572 F/g at 0.5 A/g in a 6 M KOH electrolyte. The high-frequency semicircle and low-frequency steeper region in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) further indicated reduced resistance and enhanced ion diffusion in TPC-850. Significantly, TPC-850 demonstrated remarkable electrochemical cyclic stability, retaining 95.83 % of its initial capacity even after undergoing 4500 cycles at a scan rate of 500 mV/s. The findings underscore the viability of TPC-850 as a high-performance supercapacitor electrode material, providing insights into harnessing renewable resources for advanced energy solutions. This work highlights the potential of utilizing waste biomass for energy storage applications and demonstrates the feasibility of converting it into efficient porous carbon materials with substantial graphitization and porosity. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
Chassis mounted single stage impulse turbine for wind energy harvesting on a cruising transport vehicle
(2016) Hegde, S.S.; Thamban, A.; Ahmed, A.; Arun, M.
Fossil fuels have been a means of energy source since a long time, and have tended to the needs of the large global population. These conventional sources are bound to deplete in the near future and hence there is a need for producing energy from renewable energy sources like solar, wind, geothermal, tidal etc. Technologies involving renewable energy are a growing subject of concern. The problem is the excessive pollution caused by conventional sources of energy and their impact on the environment. In particular, one of the main sources of pollution is harmful gases emitting out of automobiles. Wind energy is one among the renewable energy sources which is implemented in large scale energy production. A large amount of research has been done in this field to harness energy and power houses and other amenities are nearby wind farms. The purpose of this study is to consider the use of wind energy along with conventional energy sources to power automobiles. Specifically the concept of an impulse turbine mounted on the chassis of a typical vehicle structure is considered. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to validate the concept and also come up with a design that maximizes energy generation by such turbines. � 2015 IEEE.
Chassis mounted single stage impulse turbine for wind energy harvesting on a cruising transport vehicle
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016) Hegde, S.S.; Thamban, A.; Ahmed, A.; Arun, M.
Fossil fuels have been a means of energy source since a long time, and have tended to the needs of the large global population. These conventional sources are bound to deplete in the near future and hence there is a need for producing energy from renewable energy sources like solar, wind, geothermal, tidal etc. Technologies involving renewable energy are a growing subject of concern. The problem is the excessive pollution caused by conventional sources of energy and their impact on the environment. In particular, one of the main sources of pollution is harmful gases emitting out of automobiles. Wind energy is one among the renewable energy sources which is implemented in large scale energy production. A large amount of research has been done in this field to harness energy and power houses and other amenities are nearby wind farms. The purpose of this study is to consider the use of wind energy along with conventional energy sources to power automobiles. Specifically the concept of an impulse turbine mounted on the chassis of a typical vehicle structure is considered. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to validate the concept and also come up with a design that maximizes energy generation by such turbines. Â© 2015 IEEE.
Computational fluid dynamic approach to understand the effect of increasing blockage on wall shear stress and region of rupture in arteries blocked by arthesclerotic plaque
(UK Simulation Society Clifton Lane Nottingham NG11 8NS, 2016) Hegde, S.S.; Deb, A.; Nagesh, S.
Computational bio-mechanics is developing rapidly as a non-invasive tool to assist the medical fraternity to help in both diagnosis and prognosis of human body related issues such as injuries, cardio-vascular dysfunction, atherosclerotic plaque etc. Any system that would help either properly diagnose such problems or assist prognosis would be a boon to the doctors and medical society in general. This project is an attempt to use numerical analysis techniques; in particular, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to solve hemodynamics related problems. The mathematical modeling of the blood flow in arteries in the presence of successive blockages has been analyzed using CFD technique. Different cases of blockages in terms of percentages have been modeled to study the effect of blockage on wall shear stress values and also the effect of increase in Reynolds number on wall shear stress values. The concept of fluid structure interaction (FSI) has been used to study the effect of increasing von Mises stress on arteries and to determine the region of rupture in arteries. The simulation results are validated using in vivo measurement data from existing literature. © 2016, UK Simulation Society. All rights reserved.
Conjugate heat transfer in a Hexagonal micro channel using hybrid nano fluids
(2016) Hegde, S.S.; Ganesan, N.; Gnanasekaran, N.
Research is being focused on the use of micro channels with nano fluids as the heat sinks. This requires fundamental understanding of the heat transfer phenomenon in micro channels. The objective of this paper is to present results from a numerical study on laminar forced convection in a Hexagonal Micro Channel (HMC) heat sink. In particular, the numerical study is carried out using a single phase model. The fluid considered is Alumina-Copper hybrid Nano fluid. The performance of Al2O3+Cu+water is compared with Al2O3+water nano fluid and pure water with different volume fractions. The solid region of the channel is assumed as aluminum with a hydraulic diameter of 175?m. The solid and fluid regions of the micro channel are discretized using finite volume method by combining Navier Stokes equation and energy equation for conjugate heat transfer. The thermo physical properties for alumina nanoparticles are calculated by considering it as a spherical particle of 45nm diameter. The effect of surface roughness on convective heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for the case of nano fluids is also considered. The analysis is further extended by adding pulsating input and by varying the velocity sinusoidally. The Brownian motion of nano particles is increased to study the efficiency of the heat sink. This ensures all the nano particles are in suspension and the randomness increases the micro convection in the fluid. Incorporating the pulsating flow increases the dispersion of the heat in the nano fluid at a faster rate and also decreases particle settlement in laminar flow. The combined effect of surface roughness and pulsating flow accounts for the change in the velocity profile and thermal boundary layer of the channel. Also the effect of surface roughness ranging from 0.2-0.6 is attempted and the variations in pressure drop, Nusselt number, and heat transfer coefficient are studied. The influence of hexagonal geometry and its interaction with alumina nano fluids is intensively studied by evaluating a three dimensional conjugate heat transfer model. The effect of side wall angle of 45�, 50� and 55� are computed to relate the velocity function with pressure drop, surface roughness and local heat transfer coefficient. The variation of Nusselt number with very low volume fraction of nano particles with a minimal amount of pressure drop is also presented. � 2016 ASME.
Conjugate heat transfer in a Hexagonal micro channel using hybrid nano fluids
(American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016) Hegde, S.S.; Narendran, N.; Gnanasekaran, N.
Research is being focused on the use of micro channels with nano fluids as the heat sinks. This requires fundamental understanding of the heat transfer phenomenon in micro channels. The objective of this paper is to present results from a numerical study on laminar forced convection in a Hexagonal Micro Channel (HMC) heat sink. In particular, the numerical study is carried out using a single phase model. The fluid considered is Alumina-Copper hybrid Nano fluid. The performance of Al2O3+Cu+water is compared with Al2O3+water nano fluid and pure water with different volume fractions. The solid region of the channel is assumed as aluminum with a hydraulic diameter of 175Î¼m. The solid and fluid regions of the micro channel are discretized using finite volume method by combining Navier Stokes equation and energy equation for conjugate heat transfer. The thermo physical properties for alumina nanoparticles are calculated by considering it as a spherical particle of 45nm diameter. The effect of surface roughness on convective heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for the case of nano fluids is also considered. The analysis is further extended by adding pulsating input and by varying the velocity sinusoidally. The Brownian motion of nano particles is increased to study the efficiency of the heat sink. This ensures all the nano particles are in suspension and the randomness increases the micro convection in the fluid. Incorporating the pulsating flow increases the dispersion of the heat in the nano fluid at a faster rate and also decreases particle settlement in laminar flow. The combined effect of surface roughness and pulsating flow accounts for the change in the velocity profile and thermal boundary layer of the channel. Also the effect of surface roughness ranging from 0.2-0.6 is attempted and the variations in pressure drop, Nusselt number, and heat transfer coefficient are studied. The influence of hexagonal geometry and its interaction with alumina nano fluids is intensively studied by evaluating a three dimensional conjugate heat transfer model. The effect of side wall angle of 45Â°, 50Â° and 55Â° are computed to relate the velocity function with pressure drop, surface roughness and local heat transfer coefficient. The variation of Nusselt number with very low volume fraction of nano particles with a minimal amount of pressure drop is also presented. Â© 2016 ASME.
Dengue detection: Advances and challenges in diagnostic technology
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.
Virus-borne infectious illnesses may quickly escalate into unpleasant pandemics, wreaking havoc on the global populace and disrupting daily life. As a result, these factors influence the global economy, resulting in joblessness, physical, psychological, emotional stress, and posing a threat to human life. Dengue disease is known as one of the most dangerous illnesses for humans. A DENV infection may have no symptoms or symptoms that are similar to those of other viral infections. As a result, early detection of this virus infection is more important to track disease spread and protect society from its harmful effects. This article provides an overview of dengue disease, the working principles, the significance of the various conventional and biosensor detection strategies, the benefits and problematic conditions of the reported methods. The present hurdles of transferring laboratory research into real-world technological implementations and the future possibilities for detecting devices for viral diagnosis are highlighted in this study. © 2021 The Author(s)
Development of a chassis mounted multi stage axial flow turbine for wind energy harvesting on a cruising transport vehicle - A CFD based approach
(2016) Hegde, S.S.; Thamban, A.; Ahmed, A.; Upadhyay, M.; Mahalingam, A.
Fossil fuels have been a means of energy source since a long time, and have tended to the needs of the large global population. These conventional sources are bound to deplete in the near future and hence there is a need for producing energy from renewable energy sources like solar, wind, geothermal, tidal etc. Technologies involving renewable energy are a growing subject of concern. Further, the problem is also one of excessive pollution caused by conventional sources of energy and their impact on the environment. In particular, one of the main sources of pollution is harmful gases emitting out of automobiles. Wind energy is one among the renewable energy sources which is implemented in large scale energy production to supplement growing domestic energy needs. Significant amount of research has been done in this field to harness energy to power household and other amenities using wind farms. The aim of this project is to come up with a low cost solution for wind energy harvesting on moving vehicles. The purpose of this study is to consider the use of wind energy along with conventional energy sources to power automobiles. This would help reduce the use of fossil fuels in automobiles and hence reduce the resulting environmental pollution. Also since the turbine adds to the weight of the vehicle the aim also is to minimize the weight of the turbine. Extensive structural analysis is done for this purpose to choose a material which would be both light weight and also be able to withstand the stresses developed. In the current paper the drag force produced in automobiles is harvested by using a convergent divergent nozzle mounted below the chassis of the car. Initially drag analysis is done in order to determine the increase in drag force produced after mounting of the nozzle. It is found from existing literature that the drag increases by 3.4% after the mounting of the nozzle making it possible the mounting of a nozzle beneath the car. Additionally exhaust gases is also allowed to pass through the same duct to increase the mass flow to the turbine and thus generate more energy. This is made to strike the blades of a 2 stage axial flow turbine whose rotation generates energy. The power output from the turbine is the parameter of interest. This energy can also be stored in batteries and be used to run auxiliary equipment of the automobile including the air conditioner. The exhaust gases will be passed through a catalytic converter before striking the blades of the turbine in order to prevent corrosion of the blades. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to validate the concept and also come up with a design that maximizes energy generation by such turbines. Numerical results obtained by simulation are validated by theoretical calculation based on turbines inlet and outlet velocity triangles. The future scope of the project would include the use of multiple nozzles in order to study its performance. � Copyright 2016 by ASME.
Development of a chassis mounted multi stage axial flow turbine for wind energy harvesting on a cruising transport vehicle - A CFD based approach
(American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016) Hegde, S.S.; Thamban, A.; Ahmed, A.; Upadhyay, M.; Mahalingam, A.
Fossil fuels have been a means of energy source since a long time, and have tended to the needs of the large global population. These conventional sources are bound to deplete in the near future and hence there is a need for producing energy from renewable energy sources like solar, wind, geothermal, tidal etc. Technologies involving renewable energy are a growing subject of concern. Further, the problem is also one of excessive pollution caused by conventional sources of energy and their impact on the environment. In particular, one of the main sources of pollution is harmful gases emitting out of automobiles. Wind energy is one among the renewable energy sources which is implemented in large scale energy production to supplement growing domestic energy needs. Significant amount of research has been done in this field to harness energy to power household and other amenities using wind farms. The aim of this project is to come up with a low cost solution for wind energy harvesting on moving vehicles. The purpose of this study is to consider the use of wind energy along with conventional energy sources to power automobiles. This would help reduce the use of fossil fuels in automobiles and hence reduce the resulting environmental pollution. Also since the turbine adds to the weight of the vehicle the aim also is to minimize the weight of the turbine. Extensive structural analysis is done for this purpose to choose a material which would be both light weight and also be able to withstand the stresses developed. In the current paper the drag force produced in automobiles is harvested by using a convergent divergent nozzle mounted below the chassis of the car. Initially drag analysis is done in order to determine the increase in drag force produced after mounting of the nozzle. It is found from existing literature that the drag increases by 3.4% after the mounting of the nozzle making it possible the mounting of a nozzle beneath the car. Additionally exhaust gases is also allowed to pass through the same duct to increase the mass flow to the turbine and thus generate more energy. This is made to strike the blades of a 2 stage axial flow turbine whose rotation generates energy. The power output from the turbine is the parameter of interest. This energy can also be stored in batteries and be used to run auxiliary equipment of the automobile including the air conditioner. The exhaust gases will be passed through a catalytic converter before striking the blades of the turbine in order to prevent corrosion of the blades. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to validate the concept and also come up with a design that maximizes energy generation by such turbines. Numerical results obtained by simulation are validated by theoretical calculation based on turbines inlet and outlet velocity triangles. The future scope of the project would include the use of multiple nozzles in order to study its performance. Â© Copyright 2016 by ASME.
Electrochemical determination of ascorbic acid using carbon paste electrode modified with cobalt oxide nanoparticles
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) G, B.A.; Bhat, R.S.; Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.
The present work introduces a cobalt oxide nanoparticle-modified carbon paste electrode (Co2O3/CPE) as a simple, low-cost, and efficient platform for the electrochemical determination of ascorbic acid. This study shows the excellent selectivity of the electrode against common interferents, linear detection range, low detection limit, and reproducibility, making it a promising substitute to expensive noble-metal-based sensors for real-sample ascorbic acid analysis. An eco-friendly novel electrochemical study is carried out to detect ascorbic acid (ACA) using a Congo red (CR) modified cobalt oxide nanoparticle (Co3O4) composite carbon paste electrode (CRMCCCPE). This CRMCCCPE significantly enhanced the electrochemical performance for the selective and sensitive analysis of ACA. The elemental analysis of the synthesised Co3O4 by EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), the phase structure through XRD (X-ray diffraction), and the absorbance peaks by Raman spectrometry with 37.41 nm. The surface topography by FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy). Voltammetric techniques and EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) are investigated for the electrochemical redox response of ACA in phosphate buffer (PB) of 0.1 M concentration across the various ranges of pH at a 0.1 V/s scan rate. The ACA detection through the impact of pH, impact of scan rate, concentration, interference, simultaneous detection, and real sample analysis, indicating CV at 0.2 ?M to 2.4?M, DPV at 0.2 ?M to 2.6?M and LSV at 0.2 ?M to 2.4?M, with a lower limit of detection (LOD) were CV is 1.4 ??, DPV is 0.7 ?M, and LSV is 1.5 µ? and quantification (LOQ) was CV is 4.8 ?M, DPV is 2.6 µM, and LSV is 5.0 ?M. The fabricated CRMCCCPE exhibits the novelty of excellent stability, reproducibility, and repeatability, suggesting its potential application for the electrochemical recognition of ACA in complex matrices. The results indicate that CRMCCCPE is a reliable and effective platform for voltammetric sensing of ACA, offering promising applications in food quality control and medicinal diagnostics. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd.
Electrochemical performance and structural evolution of spray pyrolyzed Mn3O4 thin films in different aqueous electrolytes: effect of anions and cations
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Adoor, P.; Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; George, S.D.; Raviprakash, R.
This work presents the impact of cycling in different cationic and anionic aqueous electrolytes on the electrochemical storage performance of the Mn3O4 thin film electrode prepared using the chemical pyrolysis method. Studies on the as-deposited electrode confirmed the formation of Mn3O4 phase. Extensive electrochemical analysis was performed using Na2SO4, NaCl, Li2SO4, K2SO4, and MgSO4 electrolytes to examine the influence of cations and anions on charge storage behaviour. Considerable changes were observed in the specific capacitances owing to different ionic sizes as well as hydrated ionic radius of the electrolyte ions. Accordingly, the electrode unveiled a good performance showing a specific capacitance of around 187 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 in K2SO4 electrolyte. Further, the electrode properties are examined after 500 CV cycles to trace the changes in the structural and morphological properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopic studies illustrate a partial phase transformation of electrodes from Mn3O4 to MnO2 irrespective of the electrolytes. These results are further corroborated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis where there was an increment in the oxidation state of manganese. It has been observed that the surface properties were significantly changed with cycling, as manifested by the wettability studies of the electrodes. The obtained results brings out the significance of electrolyte ions on the charge storage characteristics of Mn3O4 thin film electrodes in light of their possible application in electrochemical capacitors. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Elucidating the Role of Copper-Induced Mixed Phases on the Electrochemical Performance of Mn-Based Thin-Film Electrodes
(American Chemical Society, 2023) Adoor, P.; Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; Sudhakar, S.N.; Raviprakash, R.
Manganese oxide is a fascinating material for use as a thin-film electrode in supercapacitors. Herein, the consequences of copper incorporation on spray pyrolyzed manganese oxide thin films and their electrochemical performance were investigated. The Cu-incorporated manganese oxide thin films were deposited by spray pyrolysis, and their structural and electrochemical properties were thoroughly evaluated. The formation of the spinel Mn3O4 phase with effective Cu incorporation was confirmed by X-ray diffraction investigation. Through Raman studies, it was noticed that mixed phases of manganese oxide tend to form after Cu incorporation, and this result was also reflected in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies. The surface morphology and roughness were also altered by the addition of copper. However, electrochemical measurements implied a reduction in the specific capacitance upon copper inclusion. The cyclic voltammetry test indicated a specific capacitance of 132 F/g for Mn3O4 electrodes, but a substantial drop for copper-incorporated samples due to the mixed manganese phase. The decremental tendency was further supported by galvanostatic charge-discharge studies and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic measurements. These results provide valuable insights into the effects of copper addition in manganese oxide thin-film-based electrodes for energy storage applications. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society
Exploring the microstructural properties of hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose-based solid polymer electrolytes: a promising candidate for flexible electrical double-layer capacitor
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2025) Koliyoor, J.; Hegde, S.S.; Ismayil, N.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.
This study investigates the development and characterization of solid polymer electrolytes based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for magnesium ion transport. Electrolyte films were prepared using a conventional solution casting technique, incorporating HPMC and magnesium acetate. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and XRD analyses were conducted to examine the interactions between the polymer and salt components. Impedance spectroscopy was employed to assess the electrical conductivity of the prepared electrolytes. Thermal stability was evaluated using TGA. The FTIR and XRD results indicated the formation of a complex between the polymer and salt. The electrolyte containing 30 wt% magnesium acetate exhibited a room temperature ionic conductivity of 5.88 × 10?4 S cm?1, demonstrating enhanced electrical properties. An electrical double-layer capacitor was fabricated using this high-conductivity electrolyte, and its electrochemical performance was analysed. © 2025 The Author(s). Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. © 2025 The Author(s). Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Highway mounted horizontal axial flow turbines for wind energy harvesting from cruising vehicles
(2016) Hegde, S.S.; Thamban, A.; Bhai, S.P.M.; Ahmed, A.; Upadhyay, M.; Joishy, A.; Mahalingam, A.
Renewable energy technologies are a growing subject of concern these days. Wind energy is one among the renewable energy sources which has been implemented in a large scale for energy production. A large amount of capital has been invested in this field to harness energy and power homes. Wind energy from highways is usually unused and can provide a considerable amount of wind energy to drive a turbine due to high vehicle traffic and the speed of the vehicles. Extensive research on wind patterns is required to determine the average velocity of the wind created by oncoming vehicles. The objective of this work is to design and analyze a horizontal axis wind turbine to capture wind energy from moving vehicles on the highway. A computational fluid dynamics approach is used to solve this problem. The major innovation in this paper is that wind energy is being harvested in a very unique manner and also turbine power calculations have been done to quantify the amount of energy being harvested. Although a few of the literatures have discussed similar ideas power quantification has never been done. Also the entire mechanism has been simulated in MATLAB to find out the number of cars required to charge a battery which is very unique to this paper. Power calculations have been done for the turbine and validated against theoretical calculations which were done using the concept of velocity triangles. The idea is to have a separate mounting for cars and heavy vehicles which can be realized by having separate lanes on highways. The analysis will be done for vehicles moving in a range of speeds on the highway. The wind turbines will be placed on overhead shafts (the height of which is be determined suitably) thereby capturing the wind generated as a result of pressure difference. The mounts can also be used as signboards for vehicles moving on the highway and hence serve a dual purpose. In addition, extensive structural and fatigue analysis will be done for the turbines and the mounting structures in order to determine a suitable material for the turbine as well as the mounts to withstand the forces generated. Using all of the collected energy, existing amenities such as street lights on the medians can be powered by these wind turbines. Thus the main objective of this work is to complement the conventional electrical energy used for powering amenities along highways by a renewable source of energy (wind power) thereby leading to the concept of sustainable highways. Copyright � 2016 by ASME.
Highway mounted horizontal axial flow turbines for wind energy harvesting from cruising vehicles
(American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) infocentral@asme.org, 2016) Hegde, S.S.; Thamban, A.; Bhai, S.P.M.; Ahmed, A.; Upadhyay, M.; Joishy, A.; Mahalingam, A.
Renewable energy technologies are a growing subject of concern these days. Wind energy is one among the renewable energy sources which has been implemented in a large scale for energy production. A large amount of capital has been invested in this field to harness energy and power homes. Wind energy from highways is usually unused and can provide a considerable amount of wind energy to drive a turbine due to high vehicle traffic and the speed of the vehicles. Extensive research on wind patterns is required to determine the average velocity of the wind created by oncoming vehicles. The objective of this work is to design and analyze a horizontal axis wind turbine to capture wind energy from moving vehicles on the highway. A computational fluid dynamics approach is used to solve this problem. The major innovation in this paper is that wind energy is being harvested in a very unique manner and also turbine power calculations have been done to quantify the amount of energy being harvested. Although a few of the literatures have discussed similar ideas power quantification has never been done. Also the entire mechanism has been simulated in MATLAB to find out the number of cars required to charge a battery which is very unique to this paper. Power calculations have been done for the turbine and validated against theoretical calculations which were done using the concept of velocity triangles. The idea is to have a separate mounting for cars and heavy vehicles which can be realized by having separate lanes on highways. The analysis will be done for vehicles moving in a range of speeds on the highway. The wind turbines will be placed on overhead shafts (the height of which is be determined suitably) thereby capturing the wind generated as a result of pressure difference. The mounts can also be used as signboards for vehicles moving on the highway and hence serve a dual purpose. In addition, extensive structural and fatigue analysis will be done for the turbines and the mounting structures in order to determine a suitable material for the turbine as well as the mounts to withstand the forces generated. Using all of the collected energy, existing amenities such as street lights on the medians can be powered by these wind turbines. Thus the main objective of this work is to complement the conventional electrical energy used for powering amenities along highways by a renewable source of energy (wind power) thereby leading to the concept of sustainable highways. Â© Â© 2016 by ASME.
Impact of electrolyte concentration on electrochemical performance of Cocos nucifera Waste-Derived High-Surface carbon for green energy storage
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.
The increasing popularity of utilizing biomass's natural structure represents a promising avenue for sustainable innovation, as it taps into the inherent characteristics of organic materials to address various environmental and industrial challenges. Researchers and industries continue to explore the full potential of biomass in creating more sustainable and efficient solutions. The transformation of biomass into carbon materials is an indirect means of utilizing CO2 as a carbon source, thus contributing to the sustainable development of energy storage technologies and also in pollution reduction. In the quest for sustainable energy solutions, this research unveils a cost-effective approach to supercapacitor development by harnessing the untapped potential of Cocos nucifera trunk sawdust-derived high-surface carbon (CHSC). Through a meticulous process involving ZnCl2 treatment and KOH activation at varying temperatures, CHSC-700 emerges as a standout electrode material with exceptional structural characteristics, boasting enhanced graphitization and a specific surface area of 1153.72 m2/g. Further, the study delved into the nuanced relationship between electrolyte concentration and supercapacitor performance, pinpointing 6 M KOH as the optimal condition. In 6 M KOH, the electrode exhibits a maximum specific capacitance of 559.27F/g at the current density of 0.5 A/g with outstanding cyclic stability, retaining 80.37 % capacitance after 20,000 cycles and an impressive energy density of 18.92 Wh/kg and power density of 246.75 W/kg. This systematic exploration provides valuable data for understanding the biomass-derived carbon electrode's behaviour under various electrolyte concentrations, offering crucial information for optimizing its performance in practical applications, such as energy storage devices. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Infections, Symptoms, and Clinical Diagnostic Techniques for Dengue: A Case Study of a Neglected Tropical Disease
(wiley, 2025) Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are "chronic endemic tropical illnesses" that have been "ignored in the community health domain" and mainly impact "impoverished and marginalized people." These infectious illnesses are common in areas with limited access to healthcare and can be lethal despite the current therapies. Owing to the high rates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality associated with NTDs worldwide, the effects of these illnesses and treatment options have received much attention. Despite several attempts to create successful and secure medications, treat outpatients, and eradicate vectors, proper and timely diagnosis is the first step in expediting treatment. Some diseases can be easily detected by specimen identification or examination of physically visible symptoms, but early detection and asymptomatic disorders are sometimes difficult to identify. Infections, symptoms, and major conventional electrochemical diagnostic techniques, such as biosensors that are used to detect dengue fever and disease prevention methods, are discussed in this chapter. © 2025 Scrivener Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.
Properties of Mn3O4 thin film electrodes prepared using spray pyrolysis for supercapacitor application
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Pramitha, A.; Hegde, S.S.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.R.; George, S.D.; Sudhakar, S.N.; Raviprakash, R.
Film electrodes are made by depositing a thin layer of an electroactive material onto a conductive substrate. The performance of thin film electrodes in energy storage devices is significantly governed by their preparative conditions, particularly the molar concentration of the initial precursor. In the current study, the preparation of Mn3O4 thin film electrodes utilizing the chemical spray pyrolysis technique is discussed. The effect of molar concentration on the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the thin film electrodes was thoroughly investigated using techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) studies. Additionally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to gain more insight into the oxidation states of the sample with the best electrochemical performance. Findings suggested that the molar concentration considerably affects the crystallite size, surface area, surface roughness, and wettability, which would directly impact the functionality of the electrode. It was concluded that the electrode deposited using the molar concentration of 0.06 M showed significantly improved performance according to the electrochemical measurements. The areal capacitance of up to 105.3 mF/cm2 in the aqueous electrolyte was recorded from CV measurements at a scan rate of 5 mVs−1. These electrodes could be an option for low-cost, environmentally friendly electrochemical capacitors if prepared under optimal deposition conditions. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
Simulation of Hemodynamics Phenomenon Using Computational Fluid Dynamics for Enhanced Diagnostics and Prognosis
(2016) Hegde, S.S.; Deb, A.; Nagesh, S.
Computational bio-mechanics is developing rapidly as a non-invasive tool to assist the medical fraternity to help both diagnosis and prognosis of human body related issues such as injuries, cardio-vascular dysfunction, atherosclerotic plaque etc. Any system that would help either assist diagnosis prognosis would be a boon to the doctors and medical society in general. Some work also has been done in the area related to the use of computational fluid mechanics to understand the flow of blood through the human body, an area of hemodynamics. Since cardio-vascular diseases are one of the main causes of loss of life, understanding of the blood flow with and without constraints (such as blockages), providing alternate methods of prognosis and further solutions to take care of issues related to blood flow would help save valuable life of such patients. This work attempts to use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to solve specific problems related to hemodynamics. In particular mathematical modeling of the blood flow in arteries in the presence of successive blockages has been analyzed using CFD. Also considered is the effect of increase in Reynolds number on wall shear stress values. Also, the concept of fluid structure interaction has been used during analysis. � 2015 IEEE.