Akhter, N.Raj, A.A.B.Krishnan, K.2026-02-042024Imaging Science Journal, 2024, 72, 6, pp. 706-72213682199https://doi.org/10.1080/13682199.2023.2221052https://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/21505Developing a photonics radar to detect the combined multiple simultaneous-behaviours/postures of low-slow-small (LSS) aerial targets and appropriately extracting their Doppler profile have become significant to enable air surveillance/security and guidance for unmanned aviation. A CW photonic radar of 5.3 GHz, and an empirical wavelet transform (EWT) based radar signal processing algorithm are developed and their sensing/measurement capabilities are tested with representative LSS target models: two/three blades propeller systems, a warhead-like cone-shaped target and a bionic bird. Open field experiments with different simultaneous-behaviours of these LSS targets are conducted, and performance validation of radar, in terms of micro-Doppler signature extractions, cadence frequency imaging and targets' behavioural parameters measurement, is analysed, quantitatively investigated and the results are presented. All the measurement results keep an average of 99% of agreement with the standard measurement values that evidence the compatibility of developed photonics radar for precision sensing of multiple simultaneous-behaviours/postures of LSS aerial targets. © 2023 The Royal Photographic Society.Air navigationAntennasNetwork securityParameter estimationPhotonicsRadar imagingRadar measurementAccurate combined m-D imagingCadence frequency imagingEmpirical wavelet transformLow-slow-small targetParameter measurementPhotonic CW radarPosture induced m-D signatureSmall targetsTarget parameterTarget' parameter measurementTime frequencyTime–frequency imagingWavelets transformWavelet transforms