Prathyusha, M.R.Bhowmik, B.2026-02-0620232023 9th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems, ICACCS 2023, 2023, Vol., , p. 1725-1730https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACCS57279.2023.10112761https://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/29593As more and more contemporary items are linked to the internet, the Internet of Things (IoT) has grown widely. The development of the IoT has been facilitated by the confluence of numerous technologies, including ubiquitous computing, affordable sensors, embedded systems, and machine learning. This study examines how the IoT has developed from the first IoT products and applications to the present. The fundamentals of IoT architecture and its properties are explained first, then IoT connectivity and related technologies are discussed. The various energy sources needed by IoT systems are then enumerated. Finally, we examine a variety of IoT applications, difficulties, and potential future research approaches. © 2023 IEEE.Energy Sources for IoTInternet of ThingsIoT ApplicationsIoT ChallengesIoT Technologies