Bhatt, A.S.Bhat, D.K.Santosh, M.S.2026-02-052011Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2011, 119, 2, pp. 968-972218995https://doi.org/10.1002/app.32796https://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/27306The formation of Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles by hydrothermal process has been studied. X-ray Diffraction measurements were carried out to distinguish between the phases formed during the synthesis. Using the synthesized Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles, poly(vinyledene fluoride)-Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> composite films were prepared by spin coating method. Scanning electron microscopy of the composite films showed the presence of Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles in the form of aggregates on the surface and inside of the porous polymer matrix. Differential Scanning calorimetry revealed that the crystallinity of PVDF decreased with the addition of Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>. The conductitivity of the composite films was strongly influenced by the Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> content; conductivity increased with increase in Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> content. Vibration sample magnetometry results revealed the ferromagnetic behavior of the synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles with a Ms value of 74.50 emu/g. Also the presence of Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles rendered the composite films magnetic. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.conductivityCrystallinitiesFerromagnetic behaviorsHydrothermal processIron oxide nanoparticlematrixPorous polymersPVDFSpin-coating methodVibration sample magnetometryX-ray diffraction measurementsAgglomerationDifferential scanning calorimetryIron oxidesMagnetic propertiesMagnetizationNanocompositesNanomagneticsNanoparticlesScanning electron microscopyX ray diffractionComposite films