Sawant, S.V.Rudra, B.2026-02-062023Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 2023, Vol.720 LNNS, , p. 479-48923673370https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3761-5_43https://idr.nitk.ac.in/handle/123456789/29433The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate. We are now able to connect to anyone across the globe with little or no effort. This revolution has empowered various technological inventions. The Internet has fixed numerous challenges that were difficult to address before. Today, even Vehicular Communication is possible due to the Internet. From providing situational vigilance to taking sound decisions, vehicles have traveled a smart journey. These technological marvels were possible due to the remarkable progress in the computational power of devices. Now, with the world moving towards quantum computing, we stare at future with an ocean of possibilities. Such capabilities in the hands of adversaries can lead to unpleasant consequences. Hence, it is important to determine whether our existing systems are safe against such powerful adversaries. Also, it is equally important to develop techniques that can defend vehicles from adversaries. In this paper, we have listed out various authentication schemes against quantum adversaries and presented our observations. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Internet of Vehicles (IoVs)Post quantum cryptographyQuantum computingQuantum-resistantSecurityVANETsVehicular communication