Analysis of UNS S31603 ferrous joint made by rotary friction welding

Abstract

This study delves into the effects of employing low friction pressure and high axial penetration during the fabrication of friction-welded joints using UNS S31603 stainless steel. The experiments were conducted using a continuous-drive rotary friction welding machine. Crucially, the research showcases the feasibility of creating robust welds in the metal, surpassing the strength of the parent metal. The resulting weld interfaces were remarkably narrow and well-defined. The mechanical properties of the welded joints, including tensile strength, yield strength, microhardness, impact toughness, and bending/flexural strength, were meticulously evaluated following ASTM standards. The findings indicate that the welded joints exhibited impressive tensile strength, approximately 803 MPa, and withstood a peak load of 52.0 kN. Additionally, these joints demonstrated a maximum elongation of 15.3% and a yield strength of 714.0 MPa. When subjected to bending conditions, similar joints made of UNS S31603 withstood loads of up to 19.0 kN before experiencing crack propagation. Ductility was observed in the fracture mode within the weld region, characterized by the formation of cup and cone necking, highlighting the joints' ductile behaviour. Furthermore, the joint efficiency was calculated to be over 100%. Utilizing these specific parameters, this method resulted in a maximum axial shortening or material loss of approximately 14 mm. © Indian Academy of Sciences 2024.