Transfer Learning-Hierarchical Segmentation on COVID CT Scans

Abstract

COVID-19—A pandemic declared by WHO in 2019 has spread worldwide, leading to many infections and deaths. The disease is fatal, and the patient develops symptoms within 14 days of the window. Diagnosis based on CT scans involves rapid and accurate detection of symptoms, and much work has already been done on segmenting infections in CT scans. However, the existing work on infection segmentation must be more efficient to segment the infection area. Therefore, this work proposes an automatic Deep Learning based model using Transfer Learning and Hierarchical techniques to segment COVID-19 infections. The proposed architecture, Transfer Learning with Hierarchical Segmentation Network (TLH-Net), comprises two encoder–decoder architectures connected in series. The encoder–decoder architecture is similar to the U-Net except for the modified 2D convolutional block, attention block and spectral pooling. In TLH-Net, the first part segments the lung contour from the CT scan slices, and the second part generates the infection mask from the lung contour maps. The model trains with the loss function TV_bin, penalizing False-Negative and False-Positive predictions. The model achieves a Dice Coefficient of 98.87% for Lung Segmentation and 86% for Infection Segmentation. The model was also tested with the unseen dataset and has achieved a 56% Dice value. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence and Springer Nature Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2024.