Partitioning of bio-active compounds from rinds of garcinia indica using aqueous two-phase system: Process evaluation and optimization

Abstract

The simultaneous extraction of anthocyanins (ACNs), garcinol (GL), isogarcinol (IGL) and hydroxycitric acid (HCA) from the rinds of Garcinia indica (GI) fruit and their partition behaviour in the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) formed by 1-propanol-(NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> was investigated. The effect of different variables that govern the partition characteristics were studied and the amount of crude loaded into the ATPS, the concentration of 1-propanol and (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> were found to be the significant variables. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was adopted to optimize the process variables through desirability based multi-response optimization for the partitioning of GL and IGL to the alcohol rich top phase and ACNs and HCA to the salt-rich bottom phase by considering the partitioning coefficients (K) and extraction efficiency of all the four bioactive components as responses. A ATPS consisting of 15.202% (w/w) 1-propanol, 10.242% (w/w) (NH<inf>4</inf>)<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> having the TLL of 28.505% (w/w) at a crude load of 25% (w/w) able to partition 97.39% GL (K = 370.770) and 92.38% IGL (K = 120.581) in the top phase and 99.19% ACNs (K = 0.080) and 99.83% HCA (K = 0.016) in the bottom phase with a purity higher than 99% by implementing secondary ATPS. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.