Correlational Study of Ultimate Tensile Stress and Hardness of Friction Stir-Welded Al–Ce–Si–Mg Aluminum Alloys

Abstract

In this research article, an analysis of correlation between mechanical properties of aluminum alloy such as ultimate tensile stress and Vickers hardness is carried out. Research analysis shows that hardness and UTS have a direct relationship. Tool rotation speed also directly impacts hardness and UTS values by controlling the amount of heat generated and hence extent of plasticization and grain refinement in the region of the weld. According to the research results, the plane surfaces of the square profiled pin of the tool aid in introducing a pulsing effect, which contributes to improved strength of weld connection. When compared to other tool profiles, a higher dynamic-to-static ratio attained with the triangular profiled pin tool results in greater material sweeping. As a result, the highest UTS and hardness values were obtained for welding connections created with the triangular profile pin tool. The study shows that the various input process parameters pertaining to tool revolving velocity, welding velocity, and tool-pin profile have a similar relationship on both hardness and ultimate tensile strength of weldment connection obtained with friction stir weld process. Hence, a similar trend or correlation has been observed in the variation of hardness and UTS. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.