Pilot scale studies for membranes in biohydrogen technologies

Abstract

Hydrogen (H2) is a cost-effective and green energy source that can be considered a substitute for conventional fossil fuels. Hydrogen-based fuel cells, supercapacitors, and batteries are used as energy storage devices in many commercial applications to make them a cleaner and more environmentally friendly process. Hydrogen produced from nonrenewable energy sources, such as oil, natural gas, and coal, is not cost-effective and involves processes that pollute our environment. Thus, developing economically viable and environmentally friendly processes is necessary to satisfy the massive demand for H2 as a green energy source. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of pilot-scale studies conducted in the field of membrane-based biohydrogen technology. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.