Biocompatible Nanohydroxyapatite from Cuttlefish Bone by Mechanochemical Method for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite was synthesized from coral cuttlebone using a mechanochemical method in this study. The synthesized material was characterized using various techniques to determine its phases and functional groups. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis TGA were employed. FESEM analysis revealed an onedimensional nanorod morphology of the developed material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that the primary phase was hydroxyapatite, with slight traces of tricalcium phosphate detected after calcination at 800 °C. The FTIR spectra exhibited peaks corresponding to phosphate and hydroxyl groups. At the same time, TGA results indicated the absence of any organic phase. Furthermore, the synthesized hydroxyapatite displayed excellent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Cytocompatibility tests with MG63 fibroblast cells demonstrated that these materials are both antimicrobial and biocompatible, making them suitable for various biomedical applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.