Faculty Publications
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Item Performance analysis of hybrid (WIND & SOLAR) power plant - A case study(2010) Jaralikar, S.M.; Mangalpady, M.The paper presents a case study of performance analysis of a 10 KW hybrid (wind & solar) power plant having 60:40 power generation share of wind power to solar power. The hybrid power plant performance aspects such as the total power generation capacity and generation share, power utilization capacity, Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), rate of returns, project viability (technical and commercial) etc., are studied. The paper highlights the urgency of utilizing and promoting use of non conventional or green energy sources, particularly the wind and solar energy, so as to control the environmental pollution, ozone layer depletion, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, global warming etc. It was observed that there was mismatch between the designed and actual Plant Load Factor (PLF), as well as the power generation share of the wind and solar power plant. It was also found that the Power Utilization Factor (PUF) was poor and there is very less scope for installation of solar tracking system. After the detailed analysis of results certain recommendations are made for streamlining and optimizing the power generation capacity, and also for better utilization of generated power.Item Optimized radial basis function neural network model for wind power prediction(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016) Shetty, R.P.; Sathyabhama, A.; Srinivasa Pai, P.P.; Rai, A.In this paper an effort has been done in developing a fast and efficient Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network model to predict the power output of a wind turbine. The performance of the RBF neural network has been improved by making use of a hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization based Fuzzy C Means (PSO-FCM) clustering algorithm. Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) algorithm has been used to improve the speed of learning. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has also been used to optimize the number of centers and width of the RBF units of the developed neural network model. The simulation results show that the model developed has a compact network structure and good generalization ability with 100% accuracies on training, test and validation data sets. The novelty of the present work is the use of PSO in optimizing the RBF neural network model and use of ELM in training the same. © 2016 IEEE.Item Investigation on electromagnetic transients of distributed generation systems in the microgrid(2010) Gaonkar, D.N.The increasing interconnection of distributed generation sources of diverse technologies to low-voltage grids introduces considerable complexity in its operation and control. The concept of the microgrid is emerging as a solution to this and also to take full advantage of the potential offered by distributed generation. In this article, the performance of a typical microgrid with multiple distributed generation systems in grid-connected and autonomous modes of operation has been investigated through simulation. The developed model of the microgrid consists of a converter-interfaced microturbine generation system, a synchronous-generator-based distributed generation system, and a wind power generation system with an asynchronous generator. Investigation has been carried out to study the typical electromagnetic transients of a microgrid, due to preplanned and unplanned switching events. The performance of the bidirectional grid interface topology for a microturbine generation system in a microgrid is evaluated in this work. It has been observed from the simulation results that the motoring mode operation of the microturbine generation system during starting does not cause any disturbances in the microgrid. The study also indicates that the microgrid can maintain the desired power quality at the point of common coupling. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item Case study of a hybrid (Wind and solar) power plant(2011) Jaralikar, S.M.; Mangalpady, M.The paper highlights the urgency of utilizing and promoting use of non conventional sources, particularly the wind and solar energy, so as to control the environmental pollution, such as ozone layer depletion, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, global warming etc. As a case study, the various performance factors of a 10 kW hybrid (wind and solar) power plant, which is having 60:40 power generation share of wind power to solar power were analysed. The study shows that there is mismatch between the designed and actual plant load factor (PLF), as well as the power generation share of the wind and solar power plant. It was also found that the plant utilization factor (PUF) was poor and that there is very less scope for installation of solar tracking system. Based on the detailed analysis of obtained results, certain recommendations were made for streamlining and optimizing the power generation capacity, and also for better utilization of generated power.Item Validation of an integral sliding mode control for optimal control of a three blade variable speed variable pitch wind turbine(Elsevier Ltd, 2015) RAJENDRAN, S.; Jena, D.Reduction in cost of wind energy requires most efficient control technology which can able to extract optimum power from the wind. This paper mainly focuses on the control of variable speed variable pitch wind turbine (VSVPWT) for maximization of extracted power at below rated wind speed (region 2) and regulation of extracted power when operating at above rated wind speed (region 3). To extract maximum power at below rated wind speed torque control is used whereas to regulate rated power at above rated wind speed pitch control is used. In this paper a nonlinear control i.e. integral sliding mode control (ISMC) is proposed for region 2 whereas a conventional proportional-integral (PI) control is adapted for region 3 of a VSVPWT. The proposed controller is combined with modified Newton Raphson (MNR) wind speed estimator to estimate the wind speed. The stability of the proposed ISMC is analyzed using Lyapunov stability criterion and the control law is derived for region 2 which is also adapted for the transition period between region 2 and region 3 (region 2.5). The dynamic simulations are tested with nonlinear FAST (Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures, and Turbulence) wind turbine (WT). The simulation results of ISMC are presented and the control performance is compared with conventional SMC and existing controllers such as aerodynamic torque feed forward control (ATF) and Indirect speed control (ISC). It is seen that especially in region 2.5, ISMC gives better performance compared to all other controllers. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.Item An integrated Control Approach and Power Management of Stand-alone Hybrid Wind/PV/Battery Power Generation System with Maximum Power Extraction Capability(Taylor and Francis Inc. 325 Chestnut St, Suite 800 Philadelphia PA 19106, 2015) Sabhahit, N.S.; Gaonkar, D.N.The production of electricity from renewable energy sources like wind and photovoltaic energy has increased in recent years, due to environmental problems and the shortage of traditional energy sources. In this article we present a detailed mathematical model and a control scheme for hybrid wind and PV based DG system with battery and maximum power extraction capability for isolated mode of operation. The wind power generation system uses wind turbine (WT), a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), a three-phase diode rectifier bridge, DC/DC boost converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. The PV generation system uses PV array, a boost converter with maximum power point tracking controller. Both sources and battery are connected to common dc bus with a dc link capacitor and supply power to load through PWM voltage source inverter. The overall control system consists of MPPT controller for both Wind and PV power system, a bi-directional DC-DC converter controller for battery energy storage management and load side inverter controller for voltage and frequency regulation. Control strategies for individual system components of the proposed system are designed with a view to achieve an acceptable level of voltage and frequency regulation while extracting the maximum power from wind and PV system. The performance of the developed hybrid system is investigated in terms of voltage and frequency regulation capability under changing wind, solar irradiation and variable load conditions.Item Comparison of Oceansat-2 scatterometer- to buoy-recorded winds and spatial distribution over the Arabian Sea during the monsoon period(Taylor and Francis Ltd. michael.wagreich@univie.ac.at, 2015) Gadad, S.; Deka, P.C.For this wind resource assessment (WRA) study, wind speed and direction are the fundamental inputs. Also, these studies are data driven and require large historical wind speed data sets available on the site. This work explores the application of space-based scatterometer winds for assimilation into WRA studies towards the development of offshore wind energy. This article focuses on estimating the performance of Oceansat-2 scatterometer (OSCAT)-derived wind vector using in situ data from buoys at different locations in the Arabian Sea. A comparative study between three methods for estimating the equivalent neutral winds (ENW) for buoys is carried out. OSCAT winds were closest to ENW estimated by the Liu–Katsaros–Businger (LKB) method. The spatial and temporal windows for comparison were 0.5° and ±60 minutes, respectively. The monsoon months (June–September) of 2011 were selected for study. The root mean square deviation for wind speed is less than 2.5 m s?1 and wind direction is less than 20°, and a small positive bias is observed in the OSCAT wind values. From the analysis, the OSCAT wind values are consistent with in situ-observed values. Furthermore, wind atlas maps were developed with OSCAT winds, representing the spatial distribution of winds at a height of 10 m over the Arabian Sea. © 2015 Taylor & Francis.Item An adaptive reactive power perturbation based hybrid islanding detection method for distributed generation systems(Acta Press journals@actapress.com, 2016) Krishnan, G.; Gaonkar, D.N.The intentional islanding operation of distributed generation (DG) systems can bring many benefits to the DG owner, distribution network operators and customers. One of the requirements for intentional islanding operation is the successful detection of the grid events which can lead to islanding of the DG system. This paper presents the hybrid islanding detection method based on adaptive reactive power variation with a passive algorithm that relies on the transient response characteristics for facilitating islanding detection. The proposed method presented in this paper can overcome the problems in the reactive power variation based methods. Extensive studies are conducted for differentiating the transient characteristic features for islanded and non-islanded systems. In this study the adaptive reactive power sequence is modified to enhance the performance under sudden load changes. The proposed method proved to detect all probable islanding situations with minimum run-on time. The performance of the method is evaluated using simulation results obtained from MATLAB/SIMPOWERSYSTEMS software considering wind power based DG system.Item Performance analysis of a variable-speed wind and fuel cell-based hybrid distributed generation system in grid-connected mode of operation(Taylor and Francis Inc. 325 Chestnut St, Suite 800 Philadelphia PA 19106, 2016) Ayyappa, S.K.; Gaonkar, D.N.This article presents the performance study of a variable-speed wind and solid oxide fuel cell-based hybrid distributed generation system, along with the energy storage devices in the grid connected mode of operation. The developed model has a salient feature of utilizing fluctuating output power of wind systems to produce hydrogen and also to charge the ultra capacitor. The presented model in the article also uses the stored energy in the ultra capacitor to compensate for the slow response time of the fuel cell. The distributed generation systems and energy storage devices considered in this study are integrated at common distributed generation links to form the hybrid system. The hybrid system is interfaced to the grid through the three-phase voltage source inverter in this article. The detailed modeling of the individual components of the hybrid distributed generation system, along with the necessary power electronic converter control schemes, are presented. The simulation results reported in this article show the effective performance of the hybrid model to produce reliable, low-cost electricity and hydrogen from the variable wind generation system. © 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item A new control method to mitigate power fluctuations for grid integrated PV/wind hybrid power system using ultracapacitors(Walter de Gruyter GmbH info@degruyter.com, 2016) Sabhahit, N.S.; Gaonkar, D.N.The output power obtained from solar-wind hybrid system fluctuates with changes in weather conditions. These power fluctuations cause adverse effects on the voltage, frequency and transient stability of the utility grid. In this paper, a control method is presented for power smoothing of grid integrated PV/wind hybrid system using ultracapacitors in a DC coupled structure. The power fluctuations of hybrid system are mitigated and smoothed power is supplied to the utility grid. In this work both photovoltaic (PV) panels and the wind generator are controlled to operate at their maximum power point. The grid side inverter control strategy presented in this paper maintains DC link voltage constant while injecting power to the grid at unity power factor considering different operating conditions. Actual solar irradiation and wind speed data are used in this study to evaluate the performance of the developed system using MATLAB/Simulink software. The simulation results show that output power fluctuations of solar-wind hybrid system can be significantly mitigated using the ultracapacitor based storage system. © by De Gruyter 2016.