Faculty Publications
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Publications by NITK Faculty
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Item Energy Efficient Network Design for IoT Healthcare Applications(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2017) Sarwesh, P.; Shet, V.; Chandrasekaran, K.Internet of Things (IoT) is the emerging technology, that holds huge number of internet enabled devices and allows to share the data globally. IoT technology provides effective healthcare service by constant monitoring and reporting the chronic conditions of patients. IoT is highly greeted by healthcare sectors. IoT devices are smart in nature but constrained by energy, because most of the IoT applications uses battery operated smart devices. Hence energy is considered as valuable resource in energy constrained IoT environment. In this chapter energy efficient network architecture is proposed for IoT health care applications. Proposed network architecture describes the suitable combination of two different techniques such as, routing technique and node placement technique. In routing technique energy level of the nodes are monitored, to transmit the data in energy efficient path. In node placement technique, data traffic is balanced by varying the density of the nodes. This chapter describes the major factors that affect energy efficiency and it elaborates the suitable techniques to improve energy efficiency in IoT network. © 2017, Springer International Publishing AG.Item Evolution of community based routing in Delay Tolerant Networks(2010) D'Souza, R.J.; Varaprasad, G.; Jose, J.; Manoj, R.A Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) is a subset of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET), where contemporaneous connectivity among all nodes doesn't exist. Making appropriate routing decision in such networks is a challenge. Researchers have addressed this issue for over a decade and have come out with several algorithms. The latest trend in this field is to utilize the power of handheld devices for transferring messages in a delay tolerant fashion. The goal of this work is to survey the evolution of various routing protocols in a DTN. © 2010 IADIS.Item Multiple aggregator multiple chain routing protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks(2013) Harichandan, P.; Jaiswal, A.; Kumar, S.Wireless sensor nodes are deployed to gather useful information from the field but their constraint on battery power leads us to think about energy efficient routing protocols so that they can operate over longer periods of time. We study the advantages of having multiple chains in a network with each chain's topmost node (called the aggregator) collecting the data from the nodes beneath it and transmitting it to the sink. In the proposed scheme, a chain in each region works as PEGASIS. We also study how considering heterogeneity in the network can improve the lifetime of a network by a significant period. We assume that a fraction of the nodes in the network possess additional energy. We show by simulations that the introduction of heterogeneity into the network results in a greater lifetime, compared to those of the classical data aggregation schemes, with the duration increasing with the amount of additional energy considered. © 2013 IEEE.Item MRPL++: Smarter-HOP for optimizing mobility in RPL(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2016) Anand, M.C.R.; Tahiliani, M.P.Routing Protocol for Low power and lossy networks (RPL) is a proactive algorithm for Low-power and Lossy Networks (LLNs). Recent growth in Internet of Things (IoT) applications has made proactive handling of mobility apparent. While RPL does not tackle mobility, mRPL addresses it by adopting a proactive Hand-Off strategy. Since this strategy follows a greedy approach to select the next hop, a best route may not be always chosen. This paper proposes mRPL++, an extension of mRPL, to ensure best route selection in mobile scenarios. We have implemented mRPL++ in the Contiki 6LoWPAN/RPL stack and validated it through extensive simulations. © 2016 IEEE.Item Energy efficient and reliable network design to improve lifetime of low power IoT networks(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2017) Sarwesh, P.; Shekar, N.; Shet, V.; Chandrasekaran, K.Internet of Things is smart technology that is used in wide range of applications, IoT converges physical devices with cyber systems to facilitate global information sharing. In IoT network, devices are constrained by energy (limited by battery power). Thus, efficient energy utilization is the major challenge in low power IoT networks. In this paper, energy efficient and reliable network architecture is proposed to improve the lifetime of IoT networks. In proposed network architecture, routing technique and node placement technique are effectively integrated to address energy and reliability related issues. In node placement technique, density of sensor nodes are hierarchically varied to balance the energy consumption and reliability related parameters are included in routing mechanism. Hence, effective combination of these two techniques in single network architecture prolongs the lifetime of the network. In proposed work, sensor nodes and relay nodes, sensors do sensing and relay nodes handles path computation and data transmission. We included IEEE 802.15.4 PHY/MAC radio and IPv6 module in proposed work to adopt IoT Scenario. From our results, it is observed that proposed architecture prolongs the lifetime of low power IoT network. © 2017 IEEE.Item Trace-Driven Simulation and Design Space Exploration of Network-on-Chip Topologies on FPGA(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018) Sangeetha, G.S.; Radhakrishnan, V.; Prabhu Prasad, P.; Parane, K.; Talawar, B.Networking On Chips is now becoming an extremely important part of the present and future of electronic technology. It is extensively used in Multiprocessor System-on-Chips and in Chip Multiprocessors. Using an NoC, the backend wiring involved has drastically reduced in an SoC. Further, SoCs with NoC interconnect operates at a higher operating frequency, mainly because the hardware required for switching and routing are simplified. The NoC researchers have relied on simulators based on performance and power to study the different factors of NoC such as algorithm in place, the topology, the buffer management and location schemes, the flow control and routing among others. In this paper, we present a trace-driven NoC architecture that gives the user access to realistic details about the resource utilization of NoC architectures and their individual components. This includes exploration of various design decision parameters of NoC by modeling them on a FPGA. The paper also presents the performance of these architectures by conducting trace-driven simulations using benchmarks like PARSEC. Different topologies are considered for experimentation purposes with different routing algorithms. © 2018 IEEE.Item Expectation-Based Multi-Attribute Multi-Hop Routing (EM2R) in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020) Chandavarkar, B.R.; Gadagkar, A.V.Underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) have been a recommended technology for acquiring details from underwater. These networks has underwater sensors that have energy constraints and use acoustic communication medium. Routing in UASN is one of the primary issues, as the data need to be forwarded utilizing minimum energy and higher packet delivery rate. Deciding the next forwarding node play a significant role in routing algorithms for UASN and directly impact packet delivery and energy consumed by the nodes. This paper proposes an expectation-based multi-attribute multi-hop routing (EM2 R) in underwater acoustic sensor networks. EM2 R uses node's residual energy and distance as a multi-attribute criterion in selecting next-hop for routing. Further, the detailed implementation of EM2 R in industry-standard underwater network simulator referred to as UnetStack is presented. Additionally, the performance of EM2 R is presented with reference to the selection of the forwarding node and their energy depletion, delay, and throughput. © 2020 IEEE.Item Routing Criteria for Low Power and Lossy Networks(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Kamble, S.; Chandavarkar, B.R.The network types are getting updated from wired to wireless and wireless to Low Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) based on the applications. Hence there is a need for a routing protocol that supports the latest properties of the network. The paper reviews the criteria defined by ROLL for LLNs. The paper also provides a discussion on how some of the protocols behave in context to these criteria. The paper also mentions the requirement of various categories of loT applications. A protocol that satisfies the criteria is considered to be suitable for LLNs with some necessary features. A protocol should also satisfy the requirements of a wide range of applications so that the protocol designed is reliably used. © 2021 IEEE.Item Effective integration of reliable routing mechanism and energy efficient node placement technique for low power IoT networks(IGI Global cust@igi-global.com, 2017) Sarwesh, P.; Shet, N.S.V.; Chandrasekaran, K.Internet of Things (IoT) is the emerging technology that links physical devices (sensor devices) with cyber systems and allows global sharing of information. In IoT applications, devices are operated by battery power and low power radio links, which are constrained by energy. In this paper, node placement technique and routing mechanism are effectively integrated in single network architecture to prolong the lifetime of IoT network. In proposed network architecture, sensor node and relay node are deployed, sensor nodes are responsible for collecting the environmental data and relay nodes are responsible for data aggregation and path computation. In node placement technique, densities of relay nodes are varied based on traffic area, to prevent energy hole problem. In routing technique, energy efficient and reliable path computation is done to reduce number of re transmissions. To adopt IoT scenario, we included IEEE 802.15.4 PHY/MAC radio and IPv6 packet structure in proposed network architecture. Proposed work result shows, proposed architecture prolongs network lifetime. © © 2017, IGI Global.