Faculty Publications
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Publications by NITK Faculty
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Item A compact and efficient graphene FET based RF energy harvester for green communication(Elsevier GmbH, 2020) Singh, N.; Kumar, S.; Kumar Kanaujia, B.K.; Beg, M.T.; Mainuddin, M.; Kumar, S.This paper presents a graphene field effect transistor (FET) based rectenna with substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) broadband approach for RF energy harvesting application. The proposed structure of integrated rectenna consists of a graphene FET rectifier and an SIW antenna operating in the (S11 < ?10 dB) range of 29–46 GHz. The peak gain of the SIW antenna observed is 8.12 dBi. In addition, a new matched circuit consisting of microstrip line and butterfly stub (without using any lumped elements) is designed. The matched circuit provides a miniaturized block by reducing the size and eliminating parasitic reactance in the integrated rectenna. The proposed rectenna is implemented and fabricated using two superimposed layers: RT/duroid 5880 and graphene substrate with a compatible approach. A measured conversion efficiency of 80.32% is obtained. The dimensions of the proposed antenna and rectifier are 3.2 × 3.2 × 0.4 mm3 and 3.2 × 10 × 0.4 mm3, respectively. The proposed rectenna covers Ka- and Q-band applications and could be a potential candidate for contemporary energy harvesting systems. © 2019 Elsevier GmbHItem A compact broadband GFET based rectenna for RF energy harvesting applications(Springer, 2020) Singh, N.; Kumar, S.; Kumar Kanaujia, B.K.; Beg, M.T.; Mainuddin, M.; Kumar, S.In this paper, a compact GFET-based rectifier integrated with a monopole antenna is proposed for wireless energy harvesting applications. The GFET increases impedance bandwidth of the rectifying circuit, thus covering a range of 22.5–27.5 GHz. The sensing antenna is a triangular monopole with truncated corners for realizing circular polarization at the frequencies 24.25 GHz and 27 GHz. By the help of ?/4 transformer, the sensing antenna is matched with the proposed GFET rectifier. The RF-DC conversion efficiency realized is 80% at 5 dBm for the load of 5 K?, and the output DC voltage observed is 6.8 V. The modified ground plane triangular monopole antenna shows a peak gain of 7.8 dBi. The designed rectenna prototype is fabricated and found simulated and measured results are in good agreement. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.Item Compact uwb slotted monopole antenna with diplexer for simultaneous microwave energy harvesting and data communication applications(Electromagnetics Academy, 2021) Polaiah, G.; Kandasamy, K.; Kulkarni, M.This paper proposes a new integration of compact ultra-wideband (UWB) slotted monopole antenna with a diplexer and rectifier for simultaneous energy harvesting and data communication applications. The antenna is composed of four symmetrical circularly slotted patches, a feed line, and a ground plane. A slotline open loop resonator based diplexer is implemented to separate the required signal from the antenna without extra matching circuit. A microwave rectifier based on the voltage doubler topology is designed for RF energy harvesting. The prototypes of the proposed antenna, diplexer, and rectifier are fabricated, measured, and compared with the simulation results. The measurement results show that the fractional impedance bandwidth of proposed UWB antenna reaches 149.7% (2.1 GHz–14.6 GHz); the diplexer minimum insertion losses (|S21 |, |S31 |) are 1.37 dB and 1.42 dB at passband frequencies; the output isolation (|S23 |) is better than 30 dB from 1 GHz to 5 GHz; and the peak RF-DC conversion efficiency of the rectifier is 32.8% at an input power of ?5dBm. The overall performance of the antenna with a diplexer and rectifier is also studied, and it is found that the proposed new configuration is suitable for simultaneous microwave energy harvesting and data communication applications. © 2021, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.Item An Autonomous Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna Using Slotline Open-Loop Resonators(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Polaiah, G.; Kandasamy, K.; Kulkarni, M.This paper presents a slotline open-loop resonators based frequency reconfigurable antenna with autonomous switching of frequency bands. The dual-port slot antenna is designed to operate at 2.1 GHz when excited at port-1, and when port-2 is excited, the antenna can be reconfigured to operate at 2.85 GHz and 5.52 GHz, respectively. Port-1 is used to receive the control signal, which is converted to a DC signal using a rectifier. The rectified control signal is used to switch the operating frequency bands of the port-2. The proposed antenna configuration gives the flexibility of remote/wireless control of the operating frequency. The antenna prototype is fabricated and measured for observing the frequency switching at port-2. The measured results show that the antenna has been effectively switched from lower band frequency (2.8 GHz) to upper band frequency (5.41 GHz) when the PIN diode is ON. The proposed antenna in its final configuration can be potentially suitable for transmitter reconfigurable antenna without the need for external DC bias voltage. © 2021 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.Item Compact high-efficiency pentahedron and quatrefoil shape antennas with enhanced gain for GSM1800, 3G, 4G-LTE energy harvesting applications(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Polaiah, G.; Kandasamy, K.; Kulkarni, M.In this paper, three compact, high-efficiency, gain enhanced antennas, and corresponding rectifiers have been proposed for GSM1800, 3G, and 4G-LTE energy harvesting applications. The inverted L-stub is placed on the ground plane of the monopole antenna to get the desired frequency band of GSM1800 MHz. The feed length variation method has been adopted for the slot antennas to obtain the required frequency of 3G and 4G-LTE cellular bands. The performance of antennas is analyzed with the inverted L-stub, feed length variation, and the reflector distance. The maximum gain achieved with the reflector positioned at a distance of ?/4 from the antenna backside is three times greater than the gain obtained without the reflector. The prototype antennas and rectifiers have been simulated, fabricated, measured various parameters, and compared with the simulation results. The antennas provide more than 82% radiation efficiency and an enhanced gain of greater than 5.6 dB. The peak efficiency of rectifiers of more than 30% has been achieved. The aforementioned three antennas are integrated with their corresponding rectifiers for operating at 1.8, 2.1, and 2.3 GHz frequencies. The proposed rectennas are formidably suitable for the reception of RF power from the cellular bands. © © Cambridge University Press and the European Microwave Association 2020.Item Dielectric Metasurface Inspired Directional Multi-Port Luneburg Lens as a Medium for 5G Wireless Power Transfer - A Design Methodology(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Majumder, B.; Vinnakota, S.S.; Upadhyay, S.; Kandasamy, K.In this paper, a novel dielectric metasurface-inspired multi-beam directional Luneburg lens is proposed as a wireless power transfer medium at 5G mm-wave band. The lens is constructed using dielectric-based unit cells made up of a glide symmetric approach. It is connected with a set of microwave detector integrated multi-port tapered rectangular feeds to convert the received RF energy from different directions to DC power across a combined load. The proposed structure can be a potential candidate to harvest ambient energy from a wide coverage range of around 160° and produce a power conversion efficiency of about 76% for an input power of 14.9 dBm at 24 GHz. © 2009-2012 IEEE.