Faculty Publications
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Item Smart and secure monitoring of industrial environments using IoT(Association for Computing Machinery acmhelp@acm.org, 2015) Puranik, S.; Mohan, J.; Chandrasekaran, K.The Internet of Things (IoT) standard is giving rise to complex smart systems where in it has been made conceivable to captivate objects we experience in regular life, to interact and exchange information over a wireless network. The steep surge in industrialization and poor strategies used in controlling industrial pollution has resulted in degradation in the quality of environment around us. Negligence of leakage within an industry can result in massive hazards like the Bhopal Gas Tragedy. This paper proposes a secure IoT framework to smartly connect industrial surroundings. Our proposed framework helps in monitoring the level of pollutants, particulate matter and effluents released into the environment, notifying concerned authorities whenever their permissible level surpasses. Also we smartly connect the houses in close vicinity, so that precautionary measures can be taken to evacuate people in times of unexpected leakages. Our paper also discusses the various technologies and the security assessments being done to make it a complete secure system. © 2015 ACM.Item Hybrid Electric Bicycle with Regeneration Capability(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Koppolu, P.K.; Cmc, K.; Jagtap, A.; Dharmadikari, R.; Gajare, T.This paper presents a method to make a hybrid electric bicycle by modifying the existing conventional bicycle keeping the ability to pedal. The cycle consists of a battery, motor drive, which comprises a DC–DC converter for the motor, as well as regenerative braking. This cycle has a unique feature of exercise mode where the user can charge the battery as in stationary cycles in the gymnasium. The bicycle covers 28 km with a maximum speed of 23 km/h. In one charge which is sufficient from a city point of view, where pollution and traffic congestion is a significant concern these days. This paper also presents mechanical designs, electronics design of DC–DC converter, power supply, and a microcontroller with test results. © 2021, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item An overview of after-treatment systems for diesel engines(Springer Verlag service@springer.de, 2018) Ayodhya, A.S.; Gottekere Narayanappa, K.G.Vehicular pollution has become a major problem in urban areas due to the exponential rise in the number of automobiles. Typical exhaust emissions which include nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), soot, and particulate matter (PM) undoubtedly have an unpleasant effect on the environment. Several pollution control bodies are taking this subject seriously and issuing stringent emission norms which are to be complied strictly. Thus, regulation of these harmful pollutants is the need of the hour. Alternative fuels such as biodiesels and alcohols which are considered as a potentially viable solution for the problem of fossil fuel depletion also tend to require exhaust gas after-treatment in order to comply with the upcoming emission norms. Hence, this paper attempts to give a brief insight on the development and advances of different after-treatment devices like diesel particulate filter (DPF), lean NOx trap (LNT), diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), and selective catalytic reduction (SCR). © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.Item An empirical model for the estimation of moisture ratio during microwave drying of plaster of Paris(2008) Ganesapillai, M.G.; Iyyaswami, I.; Murugesan, T.The drying characteristics of plaster of Paris (POP) under microwave irradiation were studied for different shapes of materials through various drying parameters like microwave power, initial moisture content, and drying time. An empirical model for the estimation of moisture ratio was developed using the drying kinetic data of POP. Further, the experimental data on moisture ratio of POP for different operating conditions were fitted with the nine basic drying model equations. Based on the observations, the constants and coefficients of the literature models were rewritten in the form of Arrhenius and logarithmic expressions considering microwave power as input variable. Fifty-eight new model expressions were derived by changing the constants and coefficients and tested using the present experimental data. From the analysis of RMSE, ?2, and EF parameters for the derived models, a suitable empirical model (Model No. 55, RMSE = 0.0874; ?2 = 0.0020; EF = 0.9999) was established to represent the present experimental data on microwave drying of POP.Item Assessment of water quality of river Ganga along ghats in Varanasi city, U. P., India(2011) Thomas, T.; Mishra, M.; Thomas, H.; David, A.A.; Bharose, R.; Venkat Reddy, D.Assessment of water quality was done in holy River Ganga district of Varanasi, (U.P.) India in 2009. Water samples were collected from fives different sites namely (S 1)- Samne Ghat, (S 2)- Assi Ghat, (S 3)- Harishchandra Ghat, (S 4)- Dasaswamedh Ghat, (S 5)- Dr. Rajendra Prashad Ghat. The Ganga, one of the world's major rivers, has been venerated as the holiest and is bound with countless beliefs and faiths especially in India and adjacent countries. Its water has traditionally been regarded as pure and holy in nature gift to human. Recent experiences however do not warrant such complacency. The water resources are strained to a non-sustainable level due to rapid population growth, urban development, industrialization; livestock and power production on the Ganga Ghats at Varanasi city. The severe pollution stress and causes to which its water is subjected to the contents and quality of water and possible remedial measures. According to the result obtained by analyzing various Physico-chemical parameters of Ganga river in Varanasi City, maximum BOD recoded in (S 2)- Assi Ghat and minimum in (S 1)- Samne ghat whereas maximum DO was observed in Samne Ghat and minimum in (S 2)- Assi Ghat during Jan to March 2009 period respectively. On the basis of our experimental results it can be concluded that (S 2)- Assi Ghat exhibited higher pollution index than other ghats due to higher values of Turbidity, pH, BOD, Hardness, Alkalinity and Nitrate disposal occurring at (S 2)- Assi Ghat as well as disposal of industrial sewage in the (S 2)- Assi Ghat. Regular monitoring of Ganga river water quality is necessary to have a check on surface water quality for the sake of human life & to maintain a balanced aesthetical value of religious. We have to restore the environmental quality of Ganga which is amended by policy makers of Indian constitution. © 2011 CAFET-INNOVA TECHNICAL SOCIETY. All rights reserved.Item Defluoridation of fresh water using the process of Electrocoagulation combined with Adsorption(2013) Wali, A.; Saidutta, M.B.In India, fluoride is the major inorganic pollutant of natural origin found in groundwater. Fluoride pollution occurs due to natural and manmade reasons and high concentrations have a detrimental effect on health. Electrochemical techniques like Electrocoagulation(EC) appears to be one of the most effective approaches for treatment of water and wastewater because of its versatility, safety, selectivity, amenability to automation and environmental compatibility. Results show that the percentage removal of fluoride was around 94 to 96% for monopolar and bipolar electrodes. Adsorbents like tricalcium phosphate and activated alumina used along with electrocoagulation process also gave promising results. © 2013 CAFET-INNOVA TECHNICAL SOCIETY.Item Role of cadmium on corrosion resistance of Zn-Ni alloy coatings(Allerton Press Inc. journals@allertonpress.com, 2014) Rao, V.R.; Hegde, A.C.Cadmium (Cd) catalyzed Zn-Ni alloy plating has been accomplished galvanostatically on mild steel (MS) using gelatin and glycerol as additives. The effect of addition of Cd into Zn-Ni bath has been examined in terms of nickel (Ni) content and corrosion resistance of Zn-Ni-Cd ternary alloy coatings. The process and product of electrolysis under different concentrations of additives and Cd have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The effects of current density (c.d.) on Ni content of the alloy have been studied by spectrophotometric method, supported by EDX analysis. The deposition has been carried out under different concentrations of Cd ranging from 0.004 to 0.1 M. The corrosion rates (CR) of Zn-Ni alloy coatings have been found to decrease drastically with addition of Cd. It has been also revealed that the CR of binary Zn-Ni alloy coatings decreased with the increase of Cd concentration only up to a certain optimal concentration, i.e., up to 0.02 M, and then remained unchanged. An effort to change the anomalous type of codeposition into normal one by changing the molar ratios of the metal ions, i.e. [Cd2+]/[Ni2+] as 0.01, 0.05 and 0.25 has remained futile. CV study demonstrated an important role of Cd in mutual depositions of Zn2+ and Ni2+ ions by its preferential adsorption, thus leading to the increased Ni content of the alloy. The bath composition and operating parameters have been optimized for deposition of bright and uniform Zn-Ni-Cd alloy coatings. Changes in the surface morphology and phase structure of Zn-Ni alloy coatings due to addition of Cd has been confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) study respectively. Experimental investigations so as to identify the role of Cd in codeposition Zn-Ni alloy coatings have been carried out and the results are discussed. © 2014 Allerton Press, Inc.Item Novel hybrid photocatalytic reactor-UF nanocomposite membrane system for bilge water degradation and separation(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015) Moslehyani, A.; A.F., A.F.; Othman, M.H.D.; Isloor, A.M.This study focuses on the design and performance of a hybrid system consisting of a photocatalytic reactor and ultrafiltration permeation cell. Initially, an ultraviolet (UV) lamp was installed in the photocatalytic reactor to decompose the bilge organic pollutants in the presence of 200 ppm titanium-dioxide (TiO2). Individual hydrocarbon compounds of bilge water samples were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Two types of membrane, which are a pure polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane and PVDF/modified halloysite nanotube clay (M-HNTs) nanocomposite membrane were fabricated aiming to enhance the rejection, flux and fouling resistance for full filtration of pollutants from the photocatalytic reactor. The membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Furthermore, GC-MS analysis showed that, over 90% bilge decomposition occurred by a photocatalytic reaction. The TiO2 cross-over during permeation was detected by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS), which proved that, TiO2 rejection was more than 99% for the nanocomposite membrane. A UV- vis spectrophotometer confirmed over 99% rejection of decomposed bilge hydrocarbons via the nanocomposite membrane with 1.0 wt% of M-HNTs incorporated in the PVDF matrix. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015.Item Novel RGO-ZnWO4-Fe3O4 nanocomposite as high performance visible light photocatalyst(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016) Mohamed, M.M.J.; Shenoy, U.S.; Bhat, D.K.A novel RGO-ZnWO4-Fe3O4 nanocomposite is synthesized by a microwave irradiation method and its catalytic activity for the photo degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) is investigated. The prepared nanocomposites are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and UV-visible spectroscopy. The visible light photocatalytic activities of the prepared nanocomposites are investigated using a MB dye solution. It is noteworthy that RGO-ZnWO4-Fe3O4 nanocomposites exhibited relatively high photocatalytic activity compared to ZnWO4-RGO and pure ZnWO4 on MB in aqueous solution. This enhanced rate is due to the ability of the graphene in the RGO-ZnWO4-Fe3O4 composite to support carrier exploitation efficiently by tolerating the photo excited electron-hole pairs and thus encouraging oxidative degradation of the pollutants. This work could be extended to other organic pollutants as well and could provide new insights into ternary nanocomposites as high performance photocatalysts and their application in waste water treatment. © 2016 The Royal Society of Chemistry.Item Utilisation of mine waste in the construction industry - A Critical Review(CAFET INNOVA Technical Society 1-2-18/103, Mohini Mansion, Gagan Mahal Road, Domalguda, Hyderabad 500029, 2016) Shreekant, R.L.; Mangalpady, M.; Vardhan, H.The exploitation of mineral resources would promote the development of economy and society, but it will also generate massive waste/tailings that may pollute the environment significantly (in the form of spreading of waste in and around the mines, siltation of soil/slimes in nearby water bodies, air pollution etc.) Therefore, developing comprehensive utilization of waste fines/tailings in large scale is the need of the day in order to improve the surroundings and for sustainable development of resources. Manufacturing of non-fired bricks is one of the options for utilization of waste generated in mines along with reduction of CO2 emission. If the waste material is improperly dumped in mine site, the flow of material during rainy season may reduce the fertility of nearby agricultural land. Hence, waste utilization plays a vital role in natural resource conservation. Further, building blocks/bricks from mine waste is eco-friendly as it utilizes waste and reduces air, land and water pollution. It is energy efficient and also cost effective as reported by various investigators in the past. Hence, it is very much necessary to find alternative for making use of iron ore waste material (fines)/tailings as an aggregate in construction materials like bricks or paving blocks. This paper provides a critical review of the utilization of mine waste for brick making in the construction industry. © 2016 CAFET-INNOVA TECHNICAL SOCIETY. All rights reserved.