Faculty Publications
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Publications by NITK Faculty
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Item Dielectric Metasurface Inspired Directional Multi-Port Luneburg Lens as a Medium for 5G Wireless Power Transfer - A Design Methodology(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Majumder, B.; Vinnakota, S.S.; Upadhyay, S.; Kandasamy, K.In this paper, a novel dielectric metasurface-inspired multi-beam directional Luneburg lens is proposed as a wireless power transfer medium at 5G mm-wave band. The lens is constructed using dielectric-based unit cells made up of a glide symmetric approach. It is connected with a set of microwave detector integrated multi-port tapered rectangular feeds to convert the received RF energy from different directions to DC power across a combined load. The proposed structure can be a potential candidate to harvest ambient energy from a wide coverage range of around 160° and produce a power conversion efficiency of about 76% for an input power of 14.9 dBm at 24 GHz. © 2009-2012 IEEE.Item Control of Converter for a Solar PV-BESS Powered Telecom Load With Real, Reactive and Harmonic Power Exchange With Grid(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Sheeja, V.; Kalpana, R.; Subramaniam, U.; Almakhles, D.J.Due to safety considerations and the challenges involved in tracking the maximum output of series-connected cells, solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays are generally operated at lower voltage levels. A multiport converter can be used to interface telecom DC loads, typically rated at 48 V and powered by PV arrays and battery energy storage system (BESS). The grid integration of the system improves reliability while lowering the BESS rating. This work proposes a sliding mode control-based power flow management controller that maintains the load voltage of a telecom DC load, allows maximum power extraction from the PV module, and facilitates power sharing with AC grid. A voltage source converter and a high-gain bidirectional converter exchange power with the AC grid. A second-order generalized integral algorithm-based voltage source converter control is provided to inject/absorb active power, reactive power, and eliminate the harmonics of the telecom AC load. Detailed simulation studies employing MATLAB software are performed to validate the functionality of the converter as well as the power flow management control. Moreover, the system's performance is evaluated using a laboratory-developed experimental prototype. © 2013 IEEE.Item A non-isolated bidirectional high gain integrated multiport converter for grid tied solar PV fed telecom load(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Sheeja, V.; Kalpana, R.; Singh, B.; Subramaniam, U.; Muhibbullah, M.A multiport converter (MPC) with a non-isolated high gain bidirectional port is proposed for the grid integration of solar photovoltaic array (SPA) fed telecommunication load. The SPA along with a battery energy storage (BES) meets the power demand of the telecom DC load and the excess/deficit power is exchanged with AC grid. The MPC feeds the DC link of a voltage source converter for bidirectional operation with the AC grid. The small signal analysis of the converter shows that its operation is stable. The SPA, BES, and telecommunication load are rated for lower voltages, consecutively reducing the complexity with series-connected SPA. The proposed MPC possesses the merits of high voltage gain, reduced inductor size, and reduced number of components. Moreover, a power flow management algorithm is devised for the proposed converter that regulates the DC voltage at the telecom load and ensures smooth power flow control among various ports. The MPC is able to operate at various modes by controlling the ports independently. The converter performance during steady state and dynamic operating conditions under various modes are analyzed with detailed simulation studies. An experimental prototype is developed and test results are demonstrated to prove the viability of the designed converter. © 2022 The Authors. IET Power Electronics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and Technology.Item A Single-Stage, Multi-Port Hybrid Power Converter Integrating PV and Wind Sources for a Standalone DC System(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023) Khare, A.; Anabalagan, K.In this paper, a hybrid PV–wind-source- based multi-port converter focused on a standalone DC system is proposed. The proposed configuration is able to perform simultaneous three-phase AC–DC conversion and DC–DC conversion, ensuring simultaneous power extraction from these combined sources. The proposed converter is a single-stage converter that enhances dependability and eliminates redundant conversion stages with regard to the earlier configurations for the hybrid PV–wind sources. The operational aspects of the proposed converter are depicted, illustrating the regulation of load voltage and load power because of the dynamic output capability of PV–wind sources. Furthermore, the comprehensive control architecture to govern the concurrent conversion operations with the generation of three-phase modulating signals and duty ratio signal in accordance with the load voltage control is elaborated. Additionally, the modified sinusoidal PWM scheme for the proposed converter is elaborated, showing the unification of three-phase modulating signals and duty ratio signal for the generation of PWM pulses which facilitates the simultaneous power conversion processes. Finally, to validate the suitability of the proposed converter, the performance of the converter under various scenarios is investigated through simulation and experimental case studies. © 2023 by the authors.Item Finite control set model predictive control of three-port converter for interfacing a PV-battery energy storage system to a three-phase stand-alone AC system(Oxford University Press, 2024) Preeti, G.A.; Karthikeyan, A.This paper proposes a multiport bidirectional non-isolated converter topology that provides advantages in terms of simultaneous multiple operations, single-stage conversion, high power density and reduced power losses due to the lower number of switches. The proposed multiport converter uses a centralized non-linear controller known as a finite control set model predictive controller to manage the flow of power between different ports. It deals with the parallel operation of photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems for stand-alone alternating current (AC) systems. The converter connects the lower voltage battery to the photovoltaic port using a bidirectional buck/boost converter and the photovoltaic port is linked to the stand-alone AC load through a three-phase full-bridge inverter. Each leg of the three-phase converter will act as a bidirectional direct current (DC)/DC converter as well as an inverter simultaneously. Only six switches manage the power transfer between all the connected ports of photovoltaic-battery energy storage system linked to the stand-alone AC load. The proposed multiport converter is mathematically modelled and controlled by a finite control set model predictive controller. The system is validated in simulation (1-kW rating) and experimental environment (200-W rating). The hardware prototype is developed in the laboratory and the controller is implemented on the field-programmable gate array board. Two independent case studies are carried out to validate the efficacy of the system. The first scenario is for a change in solar irradiance, while the second scenario is for a change in the output load. © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy.Item Modelling of single and multi-port manifolds and studying the influence of structural and thermal behaviour on exhaust manifolds used in automotive applications(Springer-Verlag Italia s.r.l., 2024) Sangamesh, R.; Twinkle, R.; Chiniwar, D.S.; Vishwanatha, H.M.; Sondar, P.; Hiremath, S.With the new pollution control rules and surging requirements for the increase in efficiency of the internal combustion engines, designing the exhaust manifold has become a growing area of interest. The present work focuses on modelling the multi-end exhaust manifold and comparing it with the single-end exhaust manifold. Both the structural and thermal analyses are carried out using the finite element method. Along with the modified design, various materials such as mild steel, cast iron, stainless steel and medium carbon steel are also evaluated for their structural and thermal behaviour. It is found that the multi-end exhaust manifold performs better in terms of better stress and temperature distribution in comparison to the single-end exhaust manifold. The magnitude of the stress experienced by multi-end exhaust manifolds is 20 MPa lesser than single-end exhaust manifolds. However, the change in material has a marginal effect in terms of stress and temperature distribution. © The Author(s) 2022.Item Reconfigurable Three-Switch Leg Multi-Port Boost Inverters With Novel Modulation Schemes for Hybrid DC/AC Microgrid Systems(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Reddy, M.R.N.; Dastagiri Reddy, B.D.; Prabhakaran, P.; Chub, A.; Kouro, S.This paper proposes reconfigurable single-stage three-switch leg multi-port boost inverters (TSLMPBIs) that feature novel hybrid modulation schemes for hybrid DC/AC microgrid system applications. The TSLMPBI topologies are designed to accommodate various configurations, including two DC ports with two AC ports, three DC ports with one AC port, and three DC ports with two AC ports, tailored for different applications. A hybrid modulation scheme was proposed, dynamically adapted to the configuration of DC and AC ports, facilitating seamless boost and dual inversion operations or combined boost, buck, and inversion functionalities within a single converter. The AC ports operate at various voltages, frequencies, and phases, while the DC ports support multiple voltage levels. The proposed control modulation scheme effectively addresses crossover issues in modulation signals, resulting in enhanced AC voltage gain, improved DC bus utilization, and optimized power transfer among DC and AC ports. Additionally, these topologies reduce active switch count compared to state-of-the-art designs, even with increased ports. To validate the performance of the proposed TSLMPBI and its control modulation scheme, a 500 W laboratory prototype was developed, and experimental results under various operating scenarios were presented and analyzed. © 2013 IEEE.Item Single-port and multi-port self-reconfigurable battery topologies for dynamic cell balancing(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Y.k, B.; V.p, A.; U, V.; G.k, P.Conventional batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) typically have fixed series-parallel configurations and experience issues such as over-charging/over-discharging and under capacity utilization due to cell imbalance. To address this, a novel single-port self-reconfigurable battery topology is proposed in this paper to balance the cells while maintaining stable terminal voltage. The switching circuit of the topology is designed to have high degree of reconfigurability with minimum number of switches. A supercapacitor is incorporated in the switching circuit to assist the battery during reconfiguration, which also enhances the dynamic performance of the battery. Further, the EV motor-drive and auxiliary loads operate at different nominal voltages; which are typically supplied through power electronic converters. To eliminate the need for power electronic DC-DC converters, a multi-port self-reconfigurable battery topology with stable port voltages is proposed, capable of providing different port voltages. The proposed topologies are verified by developing a single-port battery with a nominal voltage of 52 V and a three-port battery with nominal port voltages of 52 V, 24 V and 12 V using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed topologies in addressing cell imbalance issues, ensuring maximum capacity utilization and stable port voltages. © 2025 Elsevier LtdItem Enhanced Power Management in Multiport Converter with SRF-PI Control and SVPWM for PV-Battery Standalone Systems(Springer, 2025) Gangashetty, P.A.; Karthikeyan, K.This paper presents a novel single-stage three-port power converter topology for standalone renewable energy systems that integrate photovoltaic (PV) generation and battery energy storage to supply a three-phase AC load. The proposed converter architecture combines a multi-phase bidirectional interleaved direct current-to-direct current (DC/DC) converter with a full-bridge inverter, forming a compact and modular power interface that reduces the number of conversion stages and minimizes component count and volume. A synchronous reference frame-based proportional–integral (SRF-PI) controller is employed for decoupled regulation of the DC-link and AC output voltages, while Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) ensures fixed-frequency switching and optimal DC bus utilization. The control strategy enables effective power flow management between the PV, battery, and load under dynamic irradiance and load variations. Real-time implementation on an FPGA-based platform validates the feasibility and performance of the proposed control method, with a 300 W experimental prototype demonstrating practical applicability. The system is also modeled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate transient and steady-state behavior under different operating conditions. A comparative analysis with the Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) technique highlights that the SRF-PI controller offers improved lower transient overshoot, reduced steady-state error, and superior power quality while significantly reducing the computational burden and implementation complexity. The proposed system offers a scalable, efficient, and hardware-friendly solution suitable for standalone PV-battery-based microgrids and rural electrification applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.