Faculty Publications
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Publications by NITK Faculty
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Item A Technological Research on Electric Vehicles Charging Approaches and Optimization Methods(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Vani, B.V.; Kishan, D.; Ahmad, M.W.; Hanumanthakari, S.; Reddy, B.N.K.In Present day various countries all throughout the world have taken on Electric Vehicles (EVs) to diminish air pollution and fuel consumption. In coming years, Electric Vehicles are bound to become crucial in the transport field. Subsequently, the charging approaches are in the same line. This paper presents an outline of the current and proposed EV charging approaches and optimization methods. Especially the various EV charging methods like battery exchange, conductive charging and wireless charging are presented. Next, some of the EV charging/discharging optimization methods are examined. On the basis of investigation, a few proposals are put forward for future research. © 2022 IEEE.Item Performance Analysis of Multiphase Interleaved boost converter topologies for FCEV applications(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Garg, P.; Vignesh Kumar, V.V.; Kumar, S.This paper investigates the performance of multiphase interleaved boost converter topologies for fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) system. Fuel cells (FC) have a low voltage and high current characteristics. The output voltage of a fuel cell stack must be increased to approximately 400V ∼ 700V to be suitable for the motor drive system. Therefore, a DC/DC step-up converter is crucial for interfacing fuel cell stack with the DC bus of the vehicle.Owing to the volumetric constraints and other performance requirements, the FC connected DC/DC converter is expected to possess high power density, low weight, high efficiency and good thermal performance. Further, it is of paramount importance to maintain the output current ripple of FC for its enhanced life span. Interleaved boost converter (IBC) topologies are found to satisfy all these requirements of FCEV application. Hence in this paper, a performance comparison of few interleaved topologies appropriate for FCEV drive train is presented. It is observed that six phase IBC is superior to other two variants namely two phase and four phase IBC. The output voltage, input current and losses are analysed for all the three topologies. The design of the closed loop control algorithm is discussed lucidly. The results of extensive simulations carried out in MATLAB environment are presented. © 2023 IEEE.Item A Novel Non-Isolated Ultra High Gain DC-DC Converter with Single Switch and Dual Boost Cells(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Mandal, S.; Prabhakaran, P.This paper presents a novel Non-Isolated Ultra High Gain DC-DC Converter with Single Switch, featuring two boost cell networks: a capacitor and two diodes (C2D) boost cell, and two capacitors, two inductors, and three diodes (2C2L3D) boost cell. The innovative combination of the two aforementioned boost cells achieves an unprecedented level of ultra-high gain, while reducing voltage stress across the switch and diodes and minimizing component count compared to existing high-gain converters. The proposed converter exhibits exceptional adaptability, operating efficiently with a wide range of duty ratios for diverse voltage conversion scenarios. A comprehensive explanation of the working principle and steady-state analysis is provided, along with a detailed comparison to state-of-the-art high-gain converter topologies. Extensive theoretical analysis and precise MATLAB simulations confirm the converter's superior performance and efficiency, solidifying its potential for practical applications. © 2023 IEEE.Item A capacitor based single source MLI with natural balancing and less component for EV/HEV application(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2022) Aditya, K.; Yellasiri, Y.; Shiva Naik, B.; Nageswar Rao, B.; Panda, A.K.Due to their remarkable performance, capacitor-based inverters have recently gained attention. Hence, a new capacitor-based multilevel inverter is presented in this paper for electric and hybrid electric vehicle (EV and HEV) applications. EV systems are quite well for their use of two-level inverters; however, the generated load voltage comprises substantial undesirable harmonic content. It is regarded as one of the most efficient methods since replacing a two-level inverter with a multilevel inverter improves the power quality despite significantly reducing total harmonic distortion. Therefore, the recommended filter dimension will also be minimized. A flurry of reliability concerns has arisen due to the increased number of devices, circuit complexity, and stress on the circuit devices. A nine-level voltage waveform is created with only ten IGBTs, a DC-Source, and two capacitors. In the proposed nine-level inverter, the capacitor voltage is balanced utilizing a simple control approach to regulate the flying capacitor (FC) voltages actively. Here described a simple logic gate-based pulse-width modulation technique that ensures capacitor power balancing. The proposed inverter operation and capability are validated by experimental results derived from a laboratory prototype. Finally, by contrasting the new and standard inverter topologies, the virtues of the suggested architecture by the number of devices and price of the equipment are highlighted, and it is a simpler structure that requires less space and footprint area. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Item Bat Optimization Model for Electric Vehicle Route Optimization Under Time-of-Use Electricity Pricing(Springer, 2023) Vani, B.; Kishan, D.; Ahmad, M.W.; Naresh Kumar Reddy, B.In the framework of fuel reduction and energy conservation, the electric vehicles (EV’s) has been identified as a promising option in contrast to fuel-driven vehicles. EV’s battery limits to require visiting a greater number of times to the recharging stations, which must be viewed as in the route planning to keep away from inefficient vehicle routes with lengthy diversions. These problems have to consider, we propose an Efficient Electric Vehicle Route Optimization with Time-of-Use Electricity Pricing using Bat algorithm. Which can reduce the used vehicles as well as electricity-cost and total travel distance. Additionally, functional model and collective models are used to minimize the objectives: distance and cost. The computational assessment in light of the notable benchmarking test instances exhibits, proposed optimization algorithm electricity cost conservation on average 12.17% with Learnable Partheno-Genetic Algorithm (Yang et al. in IEEE Trans Smart Grid 6:657–666, 2015) 8.45% with VNS/TS Algorithm (Lin et al. in Trans Res Part-C 130:103285, 2021) and 5.15% with Mixed Integer Programming model (Ham and Park in IEEE Access 9:37220–37228, 2021). © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Item A Bidirectional Interleaved Totem Pole PFC-Based Integrated On-Board Charger for EV SRM Drive(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Faheem Ali, T.; Arun Dominic, A.D.; Prabhakaran, P.; Parameswaran, A.P.This paper presents an improved integrated on-board charger (IOBC) tailored for a 4-phase switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive. The proposed IOBC is non-isolated and utilizes the totem pole power factor correction (PFC) operation for reduced common-mode voltage. Furthermore, the proposed system accommodates bidirectional functions, ensuring versatility during charging mode. A non-isolated IOBC for SRM with reduced common-mode voltage and bidirectional capability has largely been ignored in the literature. The proposed system utilizes a modified Miller converter in the motoring mode and is easily reconfigured into a two-phase interleaved totem pole converter during charging modes without the need for any magnetic contactors. The proposed system features zero instantaneous torque (ZIT) at steady-state, ensuring minimal machine wear during charging modes. The proposed IOBC is controlled to ensure symmetric positive and negative grid currents for any given rotor position (during charging), thereby eliminating even harmonics and enhancing the power quality of grid current. The proposed system achieves charging power twice the motoring power with parallel-connected phase windings. Ansys electromagnetic transient simulation, MATLAB-based SRM drive simulations, experimental results, and comprehensive comparative analysis are presented to validate the various features and effectiveness of the proposed IOBC for SRM. © 2013 IEEE.Item An efficient battery swapping and charging mechanism for electric vehicles using bat algorithm(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Vani, B.V.; Kishan, D.; Ahmad, M.W.; Naresh Kumar Reddy, B.N.K.The recent surge in electric vehicle (EV) adoption has presented various challenges, notably in the charging and discharging processes of EV batteries, each characterized by unique traits. While conventional charging stations remain popular, battery swap stations (BSS) offer a compelling alternative, addressing issues like prolonged waiting times and potential battery degradation from fast charging. BSS, with its extensive array of battery systems, ensures efficient services for EVs. However, meticulous planning for the charging and discharging operations is imperative for both BSS and the overall grid to guarantee optimal functionality. This paper proposes an efficient approach to enhance the efficiency of battery swapping and charging mechanisms (BSCM) for electric vehicles, leveraging the bat algorithm. The BSCM is conceived as a system that incorporates both the battery swapping mechanism (BSM) and the battery charging mechanism (BCM). The key contribution lies in designing an effective BSCM where the BSM functions as a manager, handling battery swapping requests from EV users, while the BCM acts as a supporter, interfacing with the grid to regulate battery charging and discharging power. To efficiently address the mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINLP) inherent in this system, a Bat algorithm is developed. The results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in efficiently addressing large-scale problems, producing solutions that closely approach optimality. It promptly achieves a substantial reduction in battery swapping energy by 30% and 24%, respectively, and significantly enhances charging station utilization by 25% and 21% compared to the LSTM-Based Rolling Horizon Approach and Bilevel Optimization Approach. Additionally, the algorithm showcases remarkable improvements in battery swapping performance, boasting a 25% and 19% enhancement, and noteworthy increases in charging station utilization by 20% and 17% compared to the aforementioned approaches. This enhancement in the energy exchange with grid and regulation contributes to the overall efficiency and sustainability of electric vehicle operations. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd