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Subject: search.filters.subject.Cement electrolyte

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    A comprehensive review on cement-based batteries and their performance parameters
    (Institute for Ionics, 2023) Sundaramoorthi, A.; Thangaraj, P.
    Cement-based battery is a new area of research that is gaining popularity with the evolving idea of developing multifunctional and smart building solutions. This is deemed as a concept stirring revolution, because of the ability of the buildings to store energy and then power certain electronic applications. The core principle behind the development of cement-based batteries is the characteristics of the cement electrolyte acting as ionic conductor thereby facilitating the migration of ions between the electrodes. This review paper presents a compilation of works carried out by various researchers working towards the development of cement-based batteries along with a review on the various performance assessment parameters used by the authors, related to cement-based battery systems. In addition to the earlier works, the scope for future works in the development of cement-based batteries and the current work in progress from the authors’ front are reported as well. © 2023, The Author(s).
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    Optimising cement-based electrolytes: Ionic strength analysis and electrical performance in cement-based battery applications
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Sundaramoorthi, A.; Thangaraju, P.
    A fully developed and commercialised cement-based battery system has the potential to revolutionise building technology. This paper evaluates the performance of cement-based batteries and explores the effect of adding Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) like fly ash, silica fume and blast slag, and ion-conductive particles, with copper and aluminium as electrode combinations. Cement-based matrix as the electrolyte of the developed battery system, is characterised for its ionic strength and is correlated to the electrical performance of the system. The solid phase of the different electrolyte mixes is also characterised using FE-SEM and XRD. Electrical performance parameters like open circuit voltage, discharge performance under constant current rate, and capacity measurements of devised battery systems are reported in this paper. The combination of cement with silica fume at 5%, along with epsomite (SF5) resulted in a 250% (approx.) higher discharge life and capacity in comparison to the control system (CM45). The ionic strength of the pore solution also showed a strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.92) with the discharge life across all mixes, highlighting its critical role in the battery system’s performance. The SF5 mix also showed sufficient mechanical stability with a compressive strength of 19.3 and 29.4 MPa at 7-d and 28-day, respectively. © 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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    A sustainable approach to power cathodic prevention system: cement-based electrolytes with conductive and mineral additives for battery applications
    (Springer Nature, 2025) Sundaramoorthi, S.; Palanisamy, T.
    Cement-based battery system is an area of development that focuses on multi-functional building material, where the cement and its ionic conductivity are explored for potential application in devising energy storage devices. This could be a revolutionary concept whereby the buildings could harness/store their own energy, thus contributing to a sustainable construction option. Certain low-power operations like corrosion prevention, powering LEDs and sensors associated with structural health monitoring systems are some of the application fronts for these battery systems. This paper presents an investigation into a cement-based electrolyte matrix incorporating ionic and electronic conductive particles as additives, along with various supplementary cementitious materials. The performance of the developed battery systems is assessed based on the evolution of open circuit voltage (OCV), constant current discharge behaviour, lifespan, and capacity. Silica fume, the finest of the binder portion in the study at 5%, along with epsom salt at 12% as a conductive additive in the electrolyte mix improved the performance of the cement-based battery system exhibiting an OCV of 1.41 V, an operating voltage of 1.02 V, initial power density of 48 µW/cm2, discharge life of 322 s and a capacity of 0.067mAh. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.