Faculty Publications
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Item Assessment of mixture boiling heat transfer correlations for ammonia/water mixture(2009) Sathyabhama, A.; Ashok Babu, T.P.The aim of this work is to present a critical examination of both the available experimental data and the performance of the available mixture boiling heat transfer correlations for ammonia/water mixture. First, a selection and comparison of the experimental database found in the open literature at the mentioned working conditions is presented. Subsequently, after a short description of the most relevant heat transfer correlations, and in accordance with the selected data, a detailed analysis of the performance of each correlation is carried out. Results show a small divergence between the experimental data sets and conclude that the presently available correlations show considerable discrepancies in heat transfer coefficients within the selected conditions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Item Role of surface roughness in pool boiling with Alumina-water nanofluid on a horizontal wire surface(International Information and Engineering Technology Association, 2011) Hegde, R.N.; Rao, S.S.; Reddy, R.P.Boiling heat transfer is one of the major phenomenon which of late, has drawn the attention of many researchers and scientists throughout the world. With nanofluids, further boost is given in heat transfer enhancement. This research paper is the study of heat transfer enhancement using Alumina nanofluid in different volume concentrations ranging from 1 to 9%. The role of surface roughness on critical heat flux enhancement (CHF) in pool boiling with nanofluids was experimentally studied using a 36 gauge NiCr wire at atmospheric pressure. Experimentation included i) investigations on boiling heat transfer subjecting the wire surface to Alumina nanofluid at higher volume concentrations and ii) investigations on surface roughness due to surface coating, subjecting the wire surface to a single heating cycle with different volume concentrations of Alumina nanofluid. Boiling of nanofluid resulted in nanoparticle deposition and subsequent roughning of the wire surface. To substantiate the nanoparticle deposition and its effect on critical heat flux, investigation was done by studying the surface roughness and SEM images of the wire surface. The experimental results show the evidence of nanoparticle deposition on the wire surface and its effect on CHF enhancement and deterioration in pool boiling heat transfer.Item Behavioral study of alumina nanoparticles in pool boiling heat transfer on a vertical surface(2011) Hegde, R.N.; Reddy, R.P.; Rao, S.S.Experiments were carried out to investigate the pool boiling of alumina-water nanofluid at 0.1 g/l to 0.5 g/l of distilled water, and the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of pure water and nanofluid at different mass concentrations were compared at and above the atmospheric pressure. At atmospheric pressure, different concentrations of nanofluids display different degrees of deterioration in boiling heat transfer. The effect of pressure and concentration of nanoparticles revealed significant enhancement in heat flux and deterioration in pool boiling. The heat transfer coefficient of 0.5 g/l alumina-water nanofluid was compared with pure water and clearly indicates deterioration. At all pressures the heat transfer coefficients of the nanofluid were lower than those of pure water. Experimental observation revealed particles coating over the heater surface and subsequent SEM inspection of the heater surface showed nanoparticles coating on the surface forming a porous layer. To substantiate the nanoparticle deposition and its effect on heat flux, investigation was done by measuring the surface roughness of the heater surface before and after the experiment. While SEM images of the heater surface revealed nanoparticle deposition, surface roughness of the heater surface confirmed it. Based on the experimental investigations it can be concluded that an optimum thickness of nanoparticles coating favors an increase in heat flux. Higher surface temperature due to the presence of nanoparticles coating results in the deterioration of boiling heat transfer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Item Studies on nanoparticle coating due to boiling induced precipitation and its effect on heat transfer enhancement on a vertical cylindrical surface(2012) Hegde, R.N.; Rao, S.S.; Reddy, R.P.Pool boiling experiments were conducted to study the heat transfer characteristics using low concentrations (0.1-0.5. g/l) of Alumina-nanofluid at atmospheric pressure in distilled water. The study involved investigation on the effect of nanoparticle coating on the vertical test surface exposed to multiple heating cycles, heat transfer characteristics of nanoparticle coated surface in distilled water and pool boiling behavior of Alumina nanofluid subjected to transient characteristics. In order to quantify the result, surface roughness of the cylindrical surface was measured at different concentrations of nanofluid before and after the experiments. At atmospheric pressure, different concentrations of nanofluids displayed different degrees of deterioration in boiling heat transfer. Coating of nanoparticles was observed on the heater surface due to boiling induced precipitation. The nanoparticle coated heater when tested in pure water showed significant increase in CHF comparable to CHF of bare heater tested in pure water. Study on transient characteristics of the nanofluid, keeping the heat flux constant for a specified time interval showed degradation in boiling heat transfer. The longer the duration of exposure of the heater surface, the higher was the degradation in heat transfer. Based on the experimental investigations it can be concluded that nanoparticle coating can be a potential substitute for enhancing the heat transfer. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.Item Boiling induced nanoparticle coating and its effect on pool boiling heat transfer on a vertical cylindrical surface using CuO nanofluids(2012) Hegde, R.N.; Rao, S.S.; Reddy, R.P.Experiments were performed to study boiling induced nanoparticle coating and its influence on pool boiling heat transfer using low concentrations of CuOnanofluid in distilled water at atmospheric pressure. To investigate the effect of the nanoparticle coated surface on pool boiling performance, two different concentrations of CuO nanofluids (0.1 and 0.5 g/l) were chosen and tests were conducted on a clean heater surface in nanofluid and nanoparticle coated surface in pure water. For the bare heater tested in CuO nanofluid, CHF was enhanced by 35.83 and 41.68 % respectively at 0.1 and 0.5 g/l concentration of nanofluid. For the nanoparticle coated heater surface obtained by boiling induced coating using 0.1 and 0.5 g/l concentration of nanofluid and tested in pure water, CHF was enhanced by 29.38 and 37.53 % respectively. Based on the experimental investigations it can be concluded that nanoparticle coating can also be a potential substitute for enhancing the heat transfer in pure water. Transient behaviour of nanofluid was studied by keeping heat flux constant at 1,000 and 1,500 kW/m2 for 90 min in 0.5 g/l concentration. The boiling curve shifted to the right indicating degradation in boiling heat transfer due to prolonged exposure of heater surface to nanofluid. Experimental outcome indicated that pool boiling performance of nanofluid could be a strong function of time and applied heat flux. The longer the duration of exposure of the heater surface, the higher will be the degradation in heat transfer. © Springer-Verlag 2012.Item Investigations on boiling-induced nanoparticle coating, transient characteristics, and effect of pressure in pool boiling heat transfer on a cylindrical surface(2012) Hegde, R.N.; Rao, S.S.; Reddy, R.P.Pool boiling experiments were conducted to study the heat transfer characteristics using low concentrations (0.0015 to 0.0077 vol%) of CuO nanofluids at and above atmospheric pressure in distilled water. The study included the following. (i) effect of pressure and concentration on heat transfer using CuO nanoparticles in distilled water, (ii) investigations on nanoparticle coating formed due to boiling-induced precipitation tested in CuO nanofluid and distilled water, and (iii) pool boiling behavior of CuO nanofluid subject to transient characteristics. The experimental outcome indicated that different concentrations of nanofluids display different degrees of deterioration in boiling heat transfer coefficients at and above atmospheric pressure. Boiling-induced precipitation of nanoparticles resulted in coating of nanoparticles. When tested in pure water, the nanoparticle-coated heater showed significant increase in critical heat flux compared with the critical heat flux of a bare heater tested in pure water. Study of the transient characteristics indicated degradation in boiling heat transfer due to prolonged exposure of the heater surface in nanofluid. Based on the experimental investigations, it can be concluded that nanoparticle coating can also be a potential substitute for enhancing the heat transfer if used in controlled quantities. © 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item Nucleate pool boiling heat transfer from a flat-plate grooved surface(Begell House Inc. orders@begellhouse.com, 2015) Sathyabhama, S.This paper presents the experimental investigation of pool boiling heat transfer performance of copperplain and grooved horizontal circular surfaces immersed in saturated water at atmospheric pressure. The effect of the geometric parameters of the groove on boiling heat transfer was studied. From the experimental results, it was observed that the enhanced surfaces have a positive effect on the heat dissipation and the effect is greater than in the case of a plain surface. It was found that the heat dissipation increases with increasing groove depth, decreasing groove angle, and decreasing channel width. The improved heat transfer is attributed to improved bubble dynamics, which are a function of the heat transfer area, bubble escape resistance, and capillary force. The dominance of any of these factors over the other depends on a particular specimen. The modified Rohsenow correlation predicts the present experimental data with an error of ±20%. © 2015 by Begell House, Inc.Item Effect of surface vibration on boiling heat transfer froma copper flat circular disc(Begell House Inc. orders@begellhouse.com, 2016) Sathyabhama, A.; Pandiyan, P.S.This paper presents the experimental investigation of the effect of surface vibration on pool boiling heat transfer from a copper flat circular surface immersed in saturated water at atmospheric pressure. The forced vertical vibrations were induced on this copper test surface with the help of a mechanical vibrator. The frequency was varied in the range 0-25 Hz and the amplitude of vibration was varied in the range 0-5 mm. The results indicate that the heat transfer coefficient increases at low frequency and amplitudes; at higher amplitude and frequency, heat transfer deteriorates in the investigated range. Rohsenow-type correlation was developed, which predicts the present experimental data with an average absolute error of 30%. © 2018 by Begell House, Inc.Item Enhancement of Boiling Heat Transfer Using Surface Vibration(John Wiley and Sons Inc. P.O.Box 18667 Newark NJ 07191-8667, 2017) Sathyabhama, A.; Pandiyan, S.P.An experimental investigation of the effect of mechanical vibrations of a copper flat circular surface on the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient of water at atmospheric pressure are presented in this paper. A vibration exciter was used to vibrate this copper test surface vertically. Effect of frequency and amplitude of vibration on the boiling heat transfer coefficient was studied. An increase in the heat transfer coefficient was observed at low frequency and amplitudes, at higher amplitude and frequency heat transfer deteriorates. Heat transfer coefficient increases up to 26% with vibration intensity, represented by vibrational Reynolds number. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Item Compositional and Bath Temperature Effects on Heat Transfer During Quenching in Molten NaNO3–KNO3 Salt Mixtures(Springer, 2020) Pranesh Rao, K.M.P.; Prabhu, K.N.The present study involved the assessment of cooling severity of molten NaNO3–KNO3 mixtures which are widely used as quench media for austempering and martempering operations. An Inconel probe instrumented with thermocouples was quenched in molten NaNO3–KNO3 binary mixtures of varying concentration maintained at different quench bath temperatures. The temperature data acquired at various locations in the Inconel probe during quenching was used to calculate the spatially dependent transient heat flux at the metal–quenchant interface. Two critical points corresponding to peak heat extraction rates during the nucleate boiling stage and transition from boiling to convection stage were identified for each quench medium. The variation of average heat flux and average surface temperature corresponding to these critical points was mapped with variation in bath temperature and composition of the quench medium. AISI 4140 steel probes were quenched in these quench media maintained at 300 and 350 °C. The average hardness values measured in steel probes agreed with the cooling performance of these quench media determined using Inconel probe. The degree of uniformity in heat transfer as indicated by the spatial variation of normalized heat energy decreased with the increase in the concentration of KNO3 in the quench medium. A mechanism of boiling heat transfer during quenching based on thermochemical decomposition of the salt was proposed. © 2020, ASM International.