Faculty Publications

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Publications by NITK Faculty

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Bacterial Adhesion

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    Evaluation of the surface characteristics and antibacterial properties of Titanium dioxide nanotube and methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine (MPC) coated orthodontic brackets-a comparative invitro study
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Rao, M.; Ashith, M.V.; Suman, E.; Isloor, A.M.; Shetty, N.J.; Srikant, S.
    Objectives: White spot lesions are the most common iatrogenic effect observed during orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to compare the surface characteristics and antibacterial action of uncoated and coated orthodontic brackets. Materials and methods: Sixty commercially available stainless steel brackets were coated with TiO2 nanotubes and methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine. The sample was divided into Group 1: uncoated orthodontic brackets, Group 2: Stainless steel brackets with TiO2 nanotubes coating, Group 3: Stainless steel brackets with methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine coating, and Group 4: Stainless steel brackets with TiO2 nanotubes combined with methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine coating. Surface characterization was assessed using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Streptococcus mutans was selected to test the antibacterial ability of the orthodontic brackets, total bacterial adhesion and bacterial viability were assessed. The brackets were subjected to scanning electron microscopy to detect the presence of biofilm. Results: The surface roughness was the greatest in Group 1 and least in Group 2 followed by Group 4 and Group 3 coated brackets. The optical density values were highest in Group 1 and lowest in Group 4. Comparison of colony counts revealed high counts in Group 1 and low counts in Group 4. A positive correlation between surface roughness and colony counts was obtained, however, was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The coated orthodontic brackets exhibited less surface roughness than the uncoated orthodontic brackets. Group 4 coated orthodontic brackets showed the best antibacterial properties. Clinical relevance: Coated orthodontic brackets prevent adhesion of streptococcus mutans and reduces plaque accumulation around the brackets thereby preventing formation of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment. © The Author(s) 2024.
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    Amyloid-like Protein-Metal Sulfide Nanocoatings for Synergistic Photothermal and Antibacterial Implant Surface Protection
    (American Chemical Society, 2025) Li, K.; Zhang, X.; Xu, L.; Xu, K.; Rao, X.; Murugesan, S.; Barão, V.A.R.; Yang, P.; Kang, E.-T.
    Preventing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation is essential for the long-term success of biomedical implants. Implant-associated infections remain a significant clinical challenge, underscoring the urgent need for effective and durable antimicrobial surface strategies. This study develops a nanocoating with dual antibacterial adhesion and photothermal antibacterial properties for biomedical surface modification. Bovine serum albumin-templated metal sulfide (MS@BSA) nanocomposites are synthesized and converted into a stable nanofilm via phase-transitioned BSA (PTB) self-assembly. The MS@PTB coating adheres to various substrates and demonstrates broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. In vitro assays show that the copper sulfide@PTB (CuS@PTB) coating significantly reduces bacterial attachment and suppresses biofilm development upon 808 nm near-infrared irradiation. RNA sequencing identifies differentially expressed genes in common pathogens, indicating disrupted respiration, energy metabolism, and virulence pathways as well as stress responses to heat and copper ions. In vivo experiments using rat subcutaneous infection and abdominal wall defect models demonstrate that CuS@PTB markedly reduces bacterial load and inflammatory responses while accelerating tissue regeneration and maintaining excellent biocompatibility. The results demonstrate the synergistic antibacterial effects of photothermal heating and Cu ion release, supporting CuS@PTB as a promising antimicrobial surface coating for implantable biomaterials. © 2025 American Chemical Society