Faculty Publications

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Publications by NITK Faculty

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Atherosclerosis

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    A computational study on the stenosis circularity for a severe stenosed idealized artery
    (Pleiades journals, 2019) Prashantha, B.; Anish, S.
    Narrowing of blood vessels (stenosis) changes the nature of blood flow through the arteries. The altered flow structures at the downstream of stenosis may generate adverse effects on the arterial wall. Hence, an understanding of the effect of stenosis circularity on the flow behavior at the downstream of stenosis is clinically beneficial. The present study has been carried out on idealized stenosed artery model with severe case of stenosis (75% area reduction) but with the same cross-sectional area that has been selected for the study. The effect of different physiological states (pulse rates) study has been examined through using FLUENT Inc. solver by finite volume method, controlled through user-defined functions. The results indicate that the velocity profiles, oscillatory shear stress, and fluid residence time are significantly affected by the shape of the stenotic region. Fluid residence time in the downstream plays a significant role in understanding the hotspots for the secondary deposition/plaque. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019.
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    Computational Studies on the Hemodynamics of Patient-Specific Human Carotid Artery
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Rakesh, L.; Anees Fahim, C.P.; Prakashini, K.; Anish, S.
    Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease that affects large and medium-sized arteries and is characterised by intricate interactions between the artery wall and pulsatile blood flow. The current research focuses on the hemodynamics of the human carotid artery in both healthy and stenosed patients. Using the 3D Slicer, CT images of patients are rebuilt to get the three-dimensional geometry of the carotid artery. To further understand the effects of hemodynamic factors, computational experiments are conducted. The study used Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS), OSI (Oscillating Shear Index), and RRT (Relative Residence Time) as hemodynamic parameters to characterise the flow behaviour. In this study, we have undertaken CFD studies on hemodynamic descriptors of a healthy normal artery (Case A) and unhealthy stenosed artery (Case B). The study concludes that there is a significant variation in the hemodynamic descriptors taken for study in the case of an unhealthy stenosed artery. High values of OSI and RRT are noticed in the case of an unhealthy stenosed artery. The larger magnitudes in the hemodynamic parameters indicate associated risk factors to progress and thus promotes atherosclerosis. All of these are effective in determining the loss of vascular function and the vessel tissue's integrity. For clinical diagnosis and further anatomical evidence, the indicated hemodynamics examination platform is relatively effective for clinicians. The novelty of this work is that we have used patient specific carotid artery of healthy and unhealthy artery, reconstructed artery from CT scans using appropriate medical imaging softwares, used physiological pulsatile flow for velocity input, coded an user defined function for the hemodynamic parameters like TAWSS, OSI, and RRT. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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    Effect of Induced Helicity on the Hemodynamics of Carotid Artery Passage
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Rakesh, L.; Kadali, A.; Prakashini, K.; Anish, S.
    Abrupt narrowing of the carotid artery known as atherosclerosis is a common cardiovascular disease, increasing the risk of stroke which is one of the leading causes of death. Helicity in the arterial passage is found to be one of the effective ways to minimize plaque formation. Using Autodesk Meshmixer, an open-source software, the stenosed portion of the diseased artery is removed to obtain what is referred to in this study as the base case. The helicity and hemodynamic characteristics of a patient-specific geometry with and without stent in repaired instance are examined. The current study found that when novel stent design is placed there is a reduction in recirculation zone size and Relative Residence Time (RRT), but also resulted in increased pressure drop across the artery. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.