Faculty Publications

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Publications by NITK Faculty

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    Assessing the Impacts of Land Use, Land Cover, and Climate Change on the Hydrological Regime of a Humid Tropical Basin
    (American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2023) Abraham, A.; Kundapura, S.
    Climate change and land use land cover (LULC) change are two major factors influencing river basin hydrology. This study explored these drivers' isolated and combined impacts on the ecologically relevant flow in the Achencoil basin, Kerala, India. The LULC classification in the study is carried out with the Random Forest (RF) algorithm in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, and Land Change Modeler (LCM) is incorporated for change detection and projection. The future climate data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections (NEX-GDDP) is used for climate change impact assessment. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is employed to simulate streamflow under LULC and climate change scenarios. The historical and projected future LULC change in the basin revealed an increase in the built-up and barren land, with a significant decrease in agricultural and forest areas. The results show that the projected future precipitation will decrease under the RCP 4.5 and increase under the RCP 8.5 scenario. The projected average maximum and minimum temperature are expected to increase under both scenarios in the basin. The LULC 2050 scenario shows the most significant rise in average annual streamflow, at 7.5%. Whereas in the climate change scenarios, the average annual flow decreases under RCP 4.5 and increases under RCP 8.5. The combined impacts of climate change and LULC change are relatively higher than the isolated effects of these drivers in the basin. The study outcomes are expected to help policymakers consider the effect of climate change and LULC change on the river's hydrology so as to implement the management activities that account for the riverine ecosystem. © 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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    Development of a regional-scale erosion vulnerability assessment approach along a human-intervened coast–a case study from the southern part of Kerala, India
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Parvathy, M.M.; Balu, R.; Dwarakish, G.S.
    The coastal district of Thiruvananthapuram, situated in the southern part of the state of Kerala, is endowed with sandy beaches, majestic cliffs, scenic backwaters and rocky promontories, aside from hosting a sizeable coastal population, well-known tourist attractions, unique biodiversity, and numerous developmental activities. However, erosion is one hazard that gravely impacts these zones, disturbing the coastal environment and affecting the lives of thousands residing in these regions. The present study attempts to identify the critical vulnerable areas to erosion, considering the combined influence of hazard parameters, i.e. drivers of erosion and risk parameters, i.e. the assets at stake. A multi-criteria decision-making approach, integrated with expert ranking, is adopted in the present study to identify and classify the vulnerable stretches, demanding urgent intervention to prevent further erosion and safeguard vital resources. The results indicate that approximately 10% of the coast falls under low vulnerability, 77% under medium vulnerability, 12 % under high vulnerability, and 1% under very high vulnerability. The coastal reaches of Shangumugham and Anchuthengu are identified as highly vulnerable and in urgent need of intervention. The spatial distribution of vulnerability necessitates a focused and site-specific management plan to tackle the present and possible erosion issues and protect critical resources. © 2025 Indian Society for Hydraulics.