Faculty Publications

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Publications by NITK Faculty

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Active cell balancing

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    A Modularized Two-Stage Active Cell Balancing Circuit for Series Connected Li-Ion Battery Packs
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Manjunath, K.; Kalpana, R.
    This paper addresses a modularized two-stage active cell balancing topology based on an improved buck-boost converter for a series connected Lithium-ion battery string. The proposed topology has a modular structure, each module consisting of three cells, two inductors, and four MOSFET switches. This technique provides module-to-module balancing in the first stage. Moreover, it can simultaneously target and balance two cells in a module in the second stage. Thus, significantly reduces the cell balancing time and increases the system performance with minimal components. The proposed topology has been theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified with a laboratory prototype. The proposed modularization technique is verified experimentally with two modules tested together in a battery string. © 2022 IEEE.
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    A Modularized Two-Stage Active Cell Balancing Topology With Reduced Balancing Time for Series Connected Li-Ion Battery String
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Manjunath, K.; Kalpana, R.; Singh, B.
    This paper introduces a modularized two-stage active cell balancing topology utilizing an improved buck-boost converter for a series-connected lithium-ion battery string. The proposed topology adopts a modular structure where each module comprises three cells, two inductors, and four MOSFET switches. The voltage monitoring circuit controls the switches to ensure each cell has same voltage by transferring charge from a source cell to target cell. This approach enables module-to-module balancing through a module equalizer while simultaneously targeting two cells within a module through a cell equalizer. Using modularization technique in the proposed topology, the balancing time is reduced significantly compared to cell equalization circuit. Moreover, using a combination of cell and module balancing, the balancing time is reduced effectively compared with performing cell balancing only under dynamic charging/discharging conditions. This methodology substantially reduces cell equalization time and enhances system performance with minimal components. Proposed topology is verified theoretically and experimentally with a five-module battery string under static and dynamic conditions. © 1972-2012 IEEE.
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    Single-port and multi-port self-reconfigurable battery topologies for dynamic cell balancing
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Y.k, B.; V.p, A.; U, V.; G.k, P.
    Conventional batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) typically have fixed series-parallel configurations and experience issues such as over-charging/over-discharging and under capacity utilization due to cell imbalance. To address this, a novel single-port self-reconfigurable battery topology is proposed in this paper to balance the cells while maintaining stable terminal voltage. The switching circuit of the topology is designed to have high degree of reconfigurability with minimum number of switches. A supercapacitor is incorporated in the switching circuit to assist the battery during reconfiguration, which also enhances the dynamic performance of the battery. Further, the EV motor-drive and auxiliary loads operate at different nominal voltages; which are typically supplied through power electronic converters. To eliminate the need for power electronic DC-DC converters, a multi-port self-reconfigurable battery topology with stable port voltages is proposed, capable of providing different port voltages. The proposed topologies are verified by developing a single-port battery with a nominal voltage of 52 V and a three-port battery with nominal port voltages of 52 V, 24 V and 12 V using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed topologies in addressing cell imbalance issues, ensuring maximum capacity utilization and stable port voltages. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd