Faculty Publications
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Item State of the art on sustainable manufacturing using mono/hybrid nano-cutting fluids with minimum quantity lubrication(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Singh, V.; Sharma, A.K.; Sahu, R.K.; Katiyar, J.K.In machining operations, the application of cutting fluids has been of prime importance for the extraction of heat from rake surfaces, ease of removal of the chips and reduction of friction at the chip–tool interface. These three objectives are achieved by the supply of suitable conventional cutting fluid at the machining zone using different techniques. However, the misuse of these fluids and their wrong disposal methods were found to have an adverse effect on the environment and health of human. To reduce the usage of conventional cutting fluid, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique has been emerged as an alternative means in the last few years, leading to better eco-friendly. Further, to increase the sustainability of MQL technique, it becomes necessary to use an appropriate exceptional nanostructured material with MQL that could be an effective cutting fluid (i.e. nanocutting fluids) with better tribological and thermophysical properties, and might be helpful in addressing the eco-friendly problem to a great extent. Therefore, the present paper focuses on the review of important published works related to the use of mono/hybrid nanocutting fluids with MQL technique at various processing parameters in different metal cutting operations. Most of the studies have shown a significant reduction in cutting forces, temperature at cutting zone, tool wear, and friction coefficient, and considerable improvement in surface quality by the addition of mono/hybrid nanoparticles enriched cutting fluid in MQL technique as compared to dry as well as wet machining processes. Further, the paper discusses the future scope in the area of hybrid nano-cutting fluids in different machining processes. © 2022 Taylor & Francis.Item Estimating rock properties using sound levels produced during drilling(Elsevier BV, 2009) Vardhan, H.; Adhikari, G.R.; Govinda Raj, M.An attempt has been made in this paper to experimentally investigate the estimation of rock properties like compressive strength and abrasivity using sound levels produced during drilling. The investigation was carried out on a laboratory scale using small portable pneumatic drilling equipment used in hard rock drilling. For this purpose, a pneumatic drill setup was fabricated for drilling vertical holes. The compressive strength and the abrasivity of various rock samples collected from the field were determined in the laboratory. A set of test conditions were defined for measurement of sound level of the pneumatic drill. Also, with the help of the experimental setup, vertical drilling was carried out on the rock samples for varying thrust and air pressure values and the corresponding A-weighted equivalent continuous sound levels were measured. Results of this study indicate that sound level can be a promising tool in estimating rock properties during drilling. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Prediction of uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength and porosity of sedimentary rocks using sound level produced during rotary drilling(2011) Rajesh Kumar, B.R.; Vardhan, H.; Govindaraj, M.The main purpose of the study is to develop a general prediction model and to investigate the relationships between sound level produced during drilling and physical properties such as uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength and percentage porosity of sedimentary rocks. The results were evaluated using the multiple regression analysis taking into account the interaction effects of various predictor variables. Predictor variables selected for the multiple regression model are drill bit diameter, drill bit speed, penetration rate and equivalent sound level produced during rotary drilling (Leq). The constructed models were checked using various prediction performance indices. Consequently, it is possible to say that the constructed models can be used for practical purposes. © Springer-Verlag 2011.Item Sound level produced during rock drilling vis-à-vis rock properties(2011) Rajesh Kumar, B.; Vardhan, H.; Govindaraj, M.The process of drilling, in general, always produces sound. Though sound is used as a diagnostic tool in mechanical industry, its application in predicting rock property is not much explored. In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate rock properties such as uniaxial compressive strength, Schmidt rebound number and Young's modulus using sound level produced during rotary drilling. For this purpose, a computer numerical controlled vertical milling centre was used for drilling holes with drill bit diameters ranging from 6 to 20. mm with a shank length of 40. mm. Fourteen different rock types were tested. The study was carried out to develop the empirical relations using multiple regression analysis between sound level produced during drilling and rock properties considering the effects of drill bit diameter, drill bit speed and drill bit penetration rate. The F-test was used to check the validity of the developed models. The measured rock property values and the values calculated from the developed regression model are fairly close, indicating that the developed models could be efficiently used with acceptable accuracy in prediction of rock properties. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.Item Stability of horizontal oil well - A Jointed Rock model approach(2011) Anantharamu, A.; Singh, T.N.; Venkat Reddy, D.Advancement in technology has paved different ways for the extraction of oil. Drilling of wells, production and injection of fluids results in the alteration of pre-existing stress field in a reservoir. The current study is undertaken to analyze the stability of horizontal oil wells with the change in radius of the well, Poisson's ratio, saturation density, permeability and also to find stress distribution around horizontal oil wells drilled in different reservoir conditions, stress distribution before and after production and also to assess the effect of stress distribution on the stability. The knowledge of stress distribution and its redistribution with change in reservoir conditions can help in selecting well locations and orientations for maximum sweep in reservoirs. Displacement of the particles gives the direction of fracture propagation. As the particle size increases, fracture propagation increases. The stability analysis has been done using Jointed Rock method of Numerical Modeling. Numerical models are mathematical models that use numerical time-stepping procedure to obtain the models behavior over time. The results of the model are shown to agree qualitatively with field observations. The extent of stress distribution is dependent on radius of the well, pore pressure in the reservoir, fracture density of the reservoir and drilling direction. Horizontal wells drilled in highly fractured reservoirs will be less stable. In case of anisotropy, since the stability is very less we must reduce the radius of the well in order to increase the FOS and hence the stability. © 2011 CAFET-INNOVA TECHNICAL SOCIETY.Item A critical review on estimation of rock properties using sound levels produced during rotary drilling(CAFET INNOVA Technical Society cafetinnova@gmail.com 1-2-18/103, Mohini Mansion, Gagan Mahal Road, Domalguda, Hyderabad 500029, 2012) Masood; Vardhan, H.; Mangalpady, M.; Rajesh Kumar, B.This paper summarizes the critical review on estimation of rock properties using sound levels produced during rotary drilling. In this paper an overall emphasis has been made to summarize the importance of sound level produced during drilling by considering various parameters like drill bit speed, penetration rate, drill bit diameter, type of drill bit and equivalent sound level produced during drilling for the estimation of rock properties. Further an attempt has also made to include the application of ANN modeling and acoustic emission in estimating rock properties. © 2012 CAFET-INNOVA TECHNICAL SOCIETY.Item Reservoir formation damage during various phases of oil and gas recovery- an overview(2012) Puthalath, P.; Murthy, C.S.N.; Surendranathan, A.O.When a reservoir of oil or gas is discovered under the ground, and reservoir engineers and drilling engineers are employed to tap that reservoir, often, they inadvertently damage it. Formation damage is an undesirable operational and economic problem that can occur during the various phases of oil and gas recovery from subsurface reservoirs including production, drilling, stimulation techniques and work over operations. The formation of a reservoir can be damaged by unforeseen rock, fluid, particle interactions etc and alterations caused by reservoir fluid, flow, and stress conditions. For example, the chemicals that the engineers have injected into the reservoir, the drilling mud used in drilling, or even by stress from the drill bit itself may cause formation damage. Control and remediation of formation damage are among the most important issues to be resolved for efficient exploitation of petroleum reservoirs and cost management. Formation damage seems to be inevitable and whether formation damage can be prevented, removed economically, or must be accepted as the price for drilling and producing a well will depend upon many factors. In this paper a general characteristics of formation damage during various stages of oil exploration are discussed. © 2012 CAFET-INNOVA TECHNICAL SOCIETY. All rights reserved.Item Prediction of penetration rate and sound level produced during percussive drilling using regression and artificial neural network(2012) Kivade, S.B.; Murthy, C.S.N.; Vardhan, H.The main objective of this investigation is to develop a general prediction model and to study the effect of predictor variables such as uniaxial compressive strength, air pressure and thrust on penetration rate and sound level produced during percussive drilling of rocks. The experiment was carried out using three levels Box-Behnken design with full replication in 15 trials. Modeling was done using artificial neural network (ANN) and multipleregression analysis (MRA). These techniques can be utilized for the prediction of process parameters. Comparison of artificial neural network and multiple linear regression models was made and found that error rate was smaller in ANN than that predicted by MRA in terms of sound level and penetration rate. © 2012 CAFET-INNOVA TECHNICAL SOCIETY.Item Regression analysis and ANN models to predict rock properties from sound levels produced during drilling(Elsevier Ltd, 2013) Rajesh Kumar, B.; Vardhan, H.; Govindaraj, M.; Vijay, G.S.This study aims to predict rock properties using soft computing techniques such as multiple regression, artificial neural network (MLP and RBF) models, taking drill bit speed, penetration rate, drill bit diameter and equivalent sound level produced during drilling as the input parameters. A database of 448 cases were tested for determination of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), Schmidt rebound number (SRN), dry density (?), P-wave velocity (Vp), tensile strength (TS), modulus of elasticity (E) and percentage porosity (n) and the prediction capabilities of the models were then analyzed. Results from the analysis demonstrate that neural network approach is efficient when compared to statistical analysis in predicting rock properties from the sound level produced during drilling. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.Item Artificial neural network model for prediction of rock properties from sound level produced during drilling(2013) Rajesh Kumar, B.; Vardhan, H.; Govindaraj, M.; Saraswathi, P.S.In many rock engineering applications such as foundations, slopes and tunnels, the intact rock properties are not actually determined by laboratory tests, due to the requirements of high quality core samples and sophisticated test equipments. Thus, predicting the rock properties by using empirical equations has been an attractive research topic relating to rock engineering practice for many years. Soft computing techniques are now being used as alternative statistical tools. In this study, artificial neural network models were developed to predict the rock properties of the intact rock, by using sound level produced during rock drilling. A database of 832 datasets, including drill bit diameter, drill bit speed, penetration rate of the drill bit and equivalent sound level (Leq) produced during drilling for input parameters, and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), Schmidt rebound number (SRN), dry density (?), P-wave velocity (Vp), tensile strength (TS), modulus of elasticity (E) and percentage porosity (n) of intact rock for output, was established. The constructed models were checked using various prediction performance indices. Goodness of the fit measures revealed that recommended ANN model fitted the data as accurately as experimental results, indicating the usefulness of artificial neural networks in predicting rock properties. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.