Faculty Publications

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    An integrated Control Approach and Power Management of Stand-alone Hybrid Wind/PV/Battery Power Generation System with Maximum Power Extraction Capability
    (Taylor and Francis Inc. 325 Chestnut St, Suite 800 Philadelphia PA 19106, 2015) Sabhahit, N.S.; Gaonkar, D.N.
    The production of electricity from renewable energy sources like wind and photovoltaic energy has increased in recent years, due to environmental problems and the shortage of traditional energy sources. In this article we present a detailed mathematical model and a control scheme for hybrid wind and PV based DG system with battery and maximum power extraction capability for isolated mode of operation. The wind power generation system uses wind turbine (WT), a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), a three-phase diode rectifier bridge, DC/DC boost converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. The PV generation system uses PV array, a boost converter with maximum power point tracking controller. Both sources and battery are connected to common dc bus with a dc link capacitor and supply power to load through PWM voltage source inverter. The overall control system consists of MPPT controller for both Wind and PV power system, a bi-directional DC-DC converter controller for battery energy storage management and load side inverter controller for voltage and frequency regulation. Control strategies for individual system components of the proposed system are designed with a view to achieve an acceptable level of voltage and frequency regulation while extracting the maximum power from wind and PV system. The performance of the developed hybrid system is investigated in terms of voltage and frequency regulation capability under changing wind, solar irradiation and variable load conditions.
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    Solar Load Voltage Tracking for Water Pumping: An Algorithm
    (Springer India sanjiv.goswami@springer.co.in, 2015) Kappali, M.; Udayakumar, R.Y.
    Maximum power is to be harnessed from solar photovoltaic (PV) panel to minimize the effective cost of solar energy. This is accomplished by maximum power point tracking (MPPT). There are different methods to realise MPPT. This paper proposes a simple algorithm to implement MPPTlv method in a closed loop environment for centrifugal pump driven by brushed PMDC motor. Simulation testing of the algorithm is done and the results are found to be encouraging and supportive of the proposed method MPPTlv. © 2014, The Institution of Engineers (India).
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    Single-phase seven-level grid-connected photovoltaic system with ripple correlation control maximum power point tracking
    (International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 2016) Sandeep, N.; Yaragatti, R.Y.
    This paper puts forward a control scheme for single-phase photovoltaic (PV) fed grid connected with cascade Hbridge (CHB) inverter. A unique control strategy based on the voltage ratio is proposed and is embedded with ripple correlation control (RCC) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to ensure the efficient energy conversion. The control scheme employed enables the independent operation and control of individual DC link voltage, ensuring the extraction of maximum power available from each PV panel. In addition, low harmonic grid currents are generated with an arbitrary power factor. Independent control of active and reactive power is exercised by decoupled component method. Numerical simulation was performed using the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform and results for three H-bridge cells connected in series are presented to support the theoretical concepts and control scheme proposed.
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    Design and implementation of single phase inverter based on Cuk converter for PV system
    (International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 2017) Sabhahit, N.S.; Gaonkar, D.N.; Anandh, N.; Kumar, N.S.
    In this paper, analysis and hardware implementation of a single phase inverter based on Cuk converter for PV system is presented. The buck-boost characteristic of such a converter promotes flexibility for both grid tied as well as standalone connections where the ac voltage is either higher than or lesser than the dc input voltage. Further Cuk based topologies have the better efficiency and voltage regulation, which is a lacking feature in a basic boost or a buck configuration. The proposed system not only offers continuous input and output current but also controlled voltage over a wider range. Hence this topology can serve as an expedient alternative converter stage for photovoltaic applications. In the proposed bidirectional two-switch Cuk converter, DSPIC30F2010 controller is used for controlling the duty ratio of switching pulses. Also, this controller generates PWM signals for the switches of single phase H-bridge inverter. The hardware results for the developed prototype of a Cuk converter based single phase inverter are presented. The developed scheme can easily be scalable to a much larger rating of the PV system.
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    Integrated power flowand voltage regulation of stand-alone PV-fuel cell system with supercapacitors
    (Acta Press journals@actapress.com, 2017) Sabhahit, J.N.; Gaonkar, D.N.; Nempu, P.B.
    The output of the solar cell is fluctuating due to intermittency of solar irradiation. Hybridizing the solar photovoltaic (PV) system with other sources and appropriate storage devices is essential to generate electricity continuously. This paper presents the control strategies for a PV-fuel cell hybrid power system with supercapacitor bank for isolated load applications. Supercapacitor bank is controlled using a bidirectional DC/DC converter so as to regulate voltage at a DC link and to keep the system stable under transient load variations. The H-bridge inverter is controlled to regulate voltage and frequency across the load. The PV system is controlled to extract maximum power using the maximum power point tracking algorithm. This paper aims to provide a single-phase supply with constant voltage and frequency to the consumers with proper power sharing among different sources. The hybrid system is realized in Matlab/Simulink environment.
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    Design and performance analysis of quantitative feedback theory based automated robust controller: An application to uncertain autonomous wind power system
    (AIMS Press, 2018) Gudimindla, G.; Manjunatha, S.K.
    Use of a robust controller for handling the operational uncertainties has become imperative in real time. This paper presents a modified fitness function based automated robust controller with the aid of quantitative feedback theory (QFT) using Genetic algorithm (GA). A controller exhibiting the desired decreasing modular plot and descending phase response is devised. The addition of arctangent function as one of the fitness function term is the proposed modification that facilitates in capturing the ideal controller characteristics. The proposed controller is applied to extract maximum power from a permanent magnet synchronous generator based autonomous wind power system. The step by step design guidelines for the automated QFT robust controller is deliberated in detail. The performance evaluation is carried out for step change and stochastically varying wind speed. Finally, benchmarking of the proposed controller against those available in the literature is accomplished through extensive simulations and it will be shown that the maximum power extraction along with least electromagnetic torque oscillations are achieved with the proposed fitness function based automated QFT controller. © 2018 the Author(s).
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    A Hybrid Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Technique with Fast Convergence Speed for Partial-Shaded PV Systems
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018) Goud, J.S.; Kalpana, R.; Singh, B.
    Photovoltaic (PV) systems exhibit multiple local and one global maximum power points (MPPs) in their P -V and I-V curves during partial shading conditions (PSC). Thus, to improve the efficiency of the system, a global maximum power point tracking (GMPPT) algorithm is necessary. This paper presents a hybrid GMPPT algorithm for constant voltage load applications using a single current sensor. The proposed method combines single current sensor hill climbing (SSHC) and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithms to track the GMPP. The SSHC algorithm detects the event of PSC and tracks the MPP during uniform insolation conditions. The output current of the power electronic interface is measured effectively at selective duty cycles to identify the type of P-V curve pattern and, thus, initiate either SSHC or ABC. The search space for the ABC algorithm is reduced in the proposed technique to improve the convergence speed. The proposed GMPPT technique is simulated in MATLAB and validated through experimental prototypes for various PSCs. The proposed algorithm tracks the GMPP with excellent efficiency and fast speed. © 1972-2012 IEEE.
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    Maximum power point tracking technique using artificial bee colony and hill climbing algorithms during mismatch insolation conditions on PV array
    (Institution of Engineering and Technology journals@theiet.org, 2018) Goud, J.S.; Kalpana, R.; Singh, B.; Kumar, S.
    This study presents a single current sensor based hybrid maximum power point tracking method to track the global maximum power point (GMPP) of the photovoltaic (PV) array during the mismatch insolation conditions. This method combines the artificial bee colony (ABC) and hill climbing (HC) algorithms to track the GMPP of a PV array. The proposed method uses the HC algorithm to identify the occurrence of mismatch insolation conditions on PV array. During the mismatch insolation conditions, the proposed method scans the battery charging current (Icharge) versus duty cycle (D) characteristics of the power electronic interface circuit to classify the type of shading pattern of P-V curve and also to identify the vicinity of the GMPP. Based on the kind of shading pattern of a P-V curve, the proposed method operates either ABC or HC algorithm to track the GMPP. To improve the convergence speed of the proposed method, the search space of the ABC algorithm is reduced. The proposed method is modelled and simulated in MATLAB software and its performance is validated experimentally for various mismatch insolation conditions. © The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2018.
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    Global Peak Tracking of Photovoltaic Array under Mismatching Conditions Using Current Control
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019) Ramana, V.V.; Mudlapur, M.; Damodaran, R.; Balasubramanian, B.; Mishra, S.
    Characteristics of photovoltaic arrays exhibit multiple peaks under mismatching conditions. In order to harness maximum energy, it is imperative to track the global maximum power point. A novel global peak tracking algorithm is proposed using current control in this paper. The proposed method operates in the backward phase and forward phase to track the global peak. The objective of the proposed algorithm is to track the global maximum accurately with minimum tracking time. The enhanced performance of the proposed algorithm is verified using simulations by comparing it with an existing method. Experimental validation is done using a solar array simulator, boost converter, resistive load, and dSPACE controller. Experimental results are in close agreement with simulation. The proposed algorithm is intended to track the global peak of a PV string that contains a group of modules. © 1986-2012 IEEE.
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    An Iterative Analytical Solution for Calculating Maximum Power Point in Photovoltaic Systems under Partial Shading Conditions
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019) Mudlapur, M.; Ramana, V.V.; Damodaran, R.; Balasubramanian, B.
    Detection of maximum power point (MPP) is one of the most sought-after topics in the field of photovoltaic systems. There are many approaches to detecting MPP, amongst these are analytical methods. Analytical methods use mathematical functions to solve the given problem and therefore are one of the dominant strategies. However, their applications to detect MPP have been limited to study only uniform shading conditions. The use of analytical methods to detect MPP for more challenging cases like partial shading conditions is yet to be investigated. In this brief, an analytical solution to identify MPP under partial shading conditions is proposed. Equations describing photovoltaic panels and MPP conditions are derived by applying fundamental circuit laws. The derived equations are non-linear and can be solved using numerical techniques available in most of the simulation packages. The proposed model can theoretically detect the MPP amongst 'N' peaks. The results from the simulation are verified by conducting experimentation with standard algorithms available in the literature. The results from simulation and experimentation are found to agree with each other. © 2004-2012 IEEE.