Faculty Publications
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Item Fracture toughness of flax braided yarn woven PLA composites(Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., 2021) Kanakannavar, S.; Jeyaraj, J.Flax fiber braided yarn plain woven fabric reinforced Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) bio-composites are fabricated using film stacking and hot-press compression molding method. Effect of fiber weight fraction on tensile and fracture properties of the bio-composites is studied and fractured surfaces are analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. It is found that tensile modulus and strength increases by 62.11 and 59.75% respectively for 35 wt.% of the braided fabric reinforcement compared to pristine PLA. Fracture toughness study is performed on single-edge-notched-bend (SENB) specimens using three point bending method. It is found that plane-strain fracture toughness (KIC) and strain energy release rate (GIC) values of the PLA composites are 71.61 and 124% higher than pure PLA for 35 wt.% braided fabric reinforcement. KIC values of the braided fabric reinforced PLA composites are much high compared to similar natural fiber composites reported in literature. This is attributed to high resistance offered by the interweaving yarns of the braided fabric hence more energy is required to begin crack propagation compared to other typical forms of reinforcement. © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item Fabrication and mechanical properties of braided flax fabric polylactic acid bio-composites(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022) Kanakannavar, S.; Jeyaraj, J.This paper primarily describes the development of flax braided yarn fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites. Plain woven fabric is made by interlacing 3D braided yarn produced by solid braiding method. Tensile properties of braided yarn and woven fabric are evaluated. Solution casting is used prior to composite fabrication to prepare polylactic acid (PLA) and (natural fiber braided fabric) NFBF–PLA sheets. Followed by this, composite laminates are prepared using through film stacking and compression molding. Influence of number of layers of fabric and loading along warp and weft directions on mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact properties are presented. It is observed that the reinforcement enhances the tensile, flexural and impact properties of the composite significantly for the warp loading. Results also clearly indicates that braided yarn fabric reinforcement have the potential for significant improvement of mechanical and thermal properties of PLA composites. © 2021 The Textile Institute.Item Tensile Behaviour of Double-Edge Notched Flax Braided Yarn Woven Fabric Reinforced PLA Composite(Korean Fiber Society, 2023) Kanakannavar, S.; Pitchaimani, J.; Goh, K.-L.Biodegradable composites were fabricated from poly-lactic acid (PLA) reinforced by flax braided-yarn woven fabric. Composites with different fabric content (corresponding to the 1, 2 and 3 layers of fabric respectively) were obtained by solution casting and compression moulding processes. Tensile fracture properties were evaluated using the double-edge-notch-tension (DENT) test. A scanning electron microscope was used to look at the fractographic features. Reinforcement of braided-yarn fabric resulted in enhanced tensile fracture strength (σf) and toughness of PLA composite. Fracture toughness (KIC) of the composite improved with the fibre contents, namely 64, 79 and 89%, which correspond to 1, 2 and 3 layers of fabric. The improvement in the tensile fracture characteristics of the composites could be contributed by the presence of an effective interfacial bonding of fibre matrix. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the Korean Fiber Society.Item Interlaminar, free vibration, HDT and water absorption properties of braided flax woven fabric PLA biocomposites(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Kanakannavar, S.; Jeyaraj, J.The presented research investigates the influence of braided flax woven-fabric filled with polylactic acid (PLA) polymer on interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), free vibration, heat deflection temperature (HDT) and water absorption. For this purpose, flax fibre-braided yarn and its fabric are prepared using solid braiding and plain weaving techniques. Then, PLA biocomposites are developed by solution casting and hot-press moulding processes. Shear test results showed, the addition of braided flax fibre increased the ILSS of composites compared to unreinforced PLA. Natural frequencies of the composite beams are improved with the braided flax reinforcement. Composites filled with three fabric layers showed higher frequency due to higher structural strength and stiffness associated with these composites. Bio-composites HDT is enhanced with the addition of braided flax fibre from 61.78% to 132.97%. The results of a water absorption test in distilled and seawater revealed that the composites have a relatively high water uptake in distilled water. © 2023 The Textile Institute.Item Relation between water absorption and mechanical properties of flax 3D braided yarn woven fabric PLA bio-degradable composites(SAGE Publications Inc., 2024) Kanakannavar, S.; Pitchaimani, J.Natural fibre (flax) plain type of woven fabric is developed by using solid braided yarn and is utilised as filler material and PLA (polylactic acid) as a matrix. Solution casting is then used to create sheets of pure PLA and flax fabric–PLA. Composites are manufactured by sheets sequencing technique using the hot compression moulding method. Water absorption, thickness swelling and flexural tests are performed in loading directions of warp and weft of the composites. Results revealed that the absorption of water and swelling of thickness are enriched with an addition of flax fabric. The weft direction loaded composite displayed greater values of water uptake and thickness swelling. The warp direction loaded composites demonstrated the highest flexural strength (92.3 MPa) and modulus (4.5 GPa) compared to weft direction loaded composites. These values are decreased after water absorption. © The Author(s) 2024.