Faculty Publications
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Publications by NITK Faculty
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Item Automated discontinuity detection and reconstruction in subsurface environment of mars using deep learning: A case study of SHARAD observation(MDPI AG membranes@mdpi.com, 2020) Gupta, V.; Gupta, S.K.; Kim, J.Machine learning (ML) algorithmic developments and improvements in Earth and planetary science are expected to bring enormous benefits for areas such as geospatial database construction, automated geological feature reconstruction, and surface dating. In this study, we aim to develop a deep learning (DL) approach to reconstruct the subsurface discontinuities in the subsurface environment of Mars employing the echoes of the Shallow Subsurface Radar (SHARAD), a sounding radar equipped on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). Although SHARAD has produced highly valuable information about the Martian subsurface, the interpretation of the radar echo of SHARAD is a challenging task considering the vast stocks of datasets and the noisy signal. Therefore, we introduced a 3D subsurface mapping strategy consisting of radar echo pre-processors and a DL algorithm to automatically detect subsurface discontinuities. The developed components the of DL algorithm were synthesized into a subsurface mapping scheme and applied over a few target areas such as mid-latitude lobate debris aprons (LDAs), polar deposits and shallow icy bodies around the Phoenix landing site. The outcomes of the subsurface discontinuity detection scheme were rigorously validated by computing several quality metrics such as accuracy, recall, Jaccard index, etc. In the context of undergoing development and its output, we expect to automatically trace the shapes of Martian subsurface icy structures with further improvements in the DL algorithm. © 2020 by the authors.Item A Numerical Modelling Approach to Assess Deformations of Horseshoe Cavern on Account of Rock Mass Characteristics and Discontinuities(Materials and Energy Research Center, 2023) Kuili, S.; Sastry, V.R.Caverns are massive underground openings excavated for purposes like defense installations and nuclear waste disposal which becomes challenging for weak strata consisting of fractured rock masses and may result in future calamities. This study is dedicated to ascertain stability of a horseshoe cavern in different types of granitic rock masses as well as fractured rocks. Two different types of granitic formations are accounted and displacements obtained along cavern periphery have been illustrated in the preliminary part of this study. An increment in vertical displacement at the crown of 260% and lateral displacement of almost 170% for both walls were observed for moderately weathered rock. Further, implications due to orientation and frequency of joint sets on the displacements incurred has also been explored. This study acquires its novelty by considering combinations of joint sets with varying spacings for investigating their implications on cavern walls. Presence of discontinuities depicted that horizontal joint spaced closely increased the deformation magnitude which reduced with decrement in joint frequency. Subsequently, along with horizontal joints at 4m interval, vertical and oblique joints sets were also incorporated at different frequencies. Consideration of vertical joints at 2m spacing with horizontal joints resulted in 313.2% increase in vertical displacement at cavern crown as well as 340% and 363% increase in lateral deformation at the left and right wall, respectively in comparison to intact rock. In case of oblique joints spaced at 2m with horizontal joints, increment in vertical deformation at the crown proliferated to 329% in comparison to intact rock. © 2023 Materials and Energy Research Center. All rights reserved.Item Baire functions and non-isolated non-monotone discontinuities(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Veerapazham, M.; Antony, K.We show that a Baire function on a metric space can be described in terms of its restrictions on specific subsets. Furthermore, it is proved that for a real-valued function on a subset of R, among all points of discontinuity, the non-isolated non-monotone points are crucial to determining whether the function is a Baire function or not. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.