Faculty Publications
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Item A novel approach to investigate effect of magnetic field on dynamic properties of natural rubber based isotropic thick magnetorheological elastomers in shear mode(Central South University of Technology f-ysxb@mail.csut.edu.cn, 2015) Hegde, S.; Kiran, K.; Gangadharan, K.V.The preparation of natural rubber based isotropic thick magnetorheological elastomers (MRE) was focused on by varying the percentage volume concentration of carbonyl iron powder and developing a test set up to test the dynamic properties. Effect of magnetic field on the damping ratio was studied on the amplification region of the transmissibility curve. The viscoelastic dynamic damping nature of the elastomer was also studied by analyzing the force-displacement hysteresis graphs. The results show that MR effect increases with the increase in magnetic field as well as carbonyl iron powder particle concentration. It is observed that softer matrix material produces more MR effect. A maximum of 125% improvement in the loss factor is observed for the MRE with 25% carbonyl iron volume concentration. FEMM simulation shows that as carbonyl iron particle distribution becomes denser, MR effect is improved. FEMM analysis also reveals that if the distance between the adjacent iron particles are reduced from 20 ?m to 10 ?m, a 40% increase in stored energy is observed. © 2014, Central South University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.Item Evaluation of optimal parameters of MR fluids for damper application using particle swarm and response surface optimisation(Springer Verlag service@springer.de, 2017) Gurubasavaraju, T.M.; Kumar, H.; Mahalingam, A.The controllable rheological properties of MR fluid exhibit viscoelastic properties within pre-yield, which are essential for the characterization of MR dampers for the isolation of vibration. In the present work, using particle swarm optimisation (PSO), it is identified that the proportion of MR fluid constituents, fluid gap and current are the parameters which influence majorly on the rheological properties and damping effect of MR damper. Initially, rheological properties of the prepared MR fluid samples are determined using rotational plate–plate type rheometer with the magnetorheological device cell attachment by keeping three levels of gap between the parallel plates. Three different proportions of MR fluid are prepared based on the volume fraction of carbonyl iron particle, i.e., 25, 30 and 35% in the silicone carrier fluid along with 1% of lithium-based grease as stabiliser. The objective function of this optimisation problem is to maximise the shear stress and damping force of the MR damper. The design of experiment (DOE) is employed to obtain the various combinations of parameters and their respective responses. The interaction of the regression model obtained from the DOE is used in PSO to evaluate the optimal parameters. The results indicated that the MR fluid with the particle concentration of 31% is the optimal proportion for MR damper application. © 2017, The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering.Item Theoretical and experimental investigation of model-free adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for MRE based adaptive tuned vibration absorber(Institute of Physics Publishing helen.craven@iop.org, 2019) Susheelkumar, G.N.; Murigendrappa, S.M.; Gangadharan, K.V.In the present study, the performance of model-free adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSC) for the magnetorheological elastomer based adaptive tuned vibration absorber (MRE ATVA) has been investigated theoretically and experimentally. A room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber and Carbonyl iron particles form the constituents of MRE. Sliding mode and AFSCs have been developed. The boundary layer is applied for sliding surface to reduce chattering effect in the sliding mode control, in case of the AFSC, two fuzzy systems approximate the equivalent control and switching control. The Lyapunov theorem evaluates the asymptotical stability of the developed adaptive control based on fuzzy systems. The performance is compared for both the controls subjected to single frequency excitation. Further, the AFSC has been investigated for variable frequency excitation. The maximum reduction of transmissibility of primary mass is 38.14%. Based on the present study, the model-free AFSC is more effective in tuning the natural frequency of MRE ATVA by 0.5 s with parameter uncertainties and under variable frequency excitation as compared to the boundary layer sliding mode control. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd.Item Investigation of sedimentation, rheological, and damping force characteristics of carbonyl iron magnetorheological fluid with/without additives(Springer, 2020) Aruna, M.N.; Rahman, M.R.; Joladarashi, S.; Kumar, H.In the present study, the magnetorheological fluid (MRF) samples are prepared using pure carbonyl iron particles (CIPs), CIPs/Claytone APA/Molyvan 855 additive, and friction reducer dispersed in poly-alpha-olefin oil. The scanning electron microscopy reveals that the Claytone additive morphology looks like a surface abundant in small folds, which connect the gaps between the spherical pure CIPs and prevent sedimentation in the MRF. The magnetic saturation properties are investigated through the vibrating sample magnetometer. The pure CIPs MRF shows (Ms) value as 146.12 emu/g, and the CIPs/Claytone APA/Molyvan indicates (Ms) as 55.12 emu/g. The magnetorheological flow curves, such as shear stress and viscosity as a function of shear rate, are investigated for the MRF samples through the magnetorheometer. The sedimentation analysis of the MRF is observed by visual inspection and shows that the CIPs/Claytone APA/Molyvan improved the sedimentation rate than the pure CIPs MRF. Finally, the experimental characterization of the prototype monotube MR damper is carried out using the hydraulic dynamic testing machine at 1.5 Hz frequency for damper peak–peak displacement length of ± 5 mm at three intervals of 0 h, 24 h, and 72 h in damper to know the effect on damping force for the prepared MRF samples against the sedimentation rate. © 2020, The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering.Item Influence of different fumed silica as thixotropic additive on carbonyl particles magnetorheological fluids for sedimentation effects(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Aruna, M.N.; Rahman, M.R.; Joladarashi, S.; Kumar, H.; Bhat Panemangalore, D.B.The present work reports the influence of different types of surface area, hydrophobic, and hydrophilic fumed silica mixed in silicone oil as a thixotropic additive on carbonyl particles based magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirms the fumed silica particles attached to the surfaces of CIPs. The vibrating sample magnetometer result shows the MRF4 and 5 have a better magnetic saturation value of 30.12 emu/gm and 40.12 emu/gm, respectively. The experimental rheological flow curve behaviours are investigated using the magnetorheometer. The Herschel–Bulkley rheological model is found to be in good agreement with the experimental curves and suggested shear thinning property is observed. The results showed that the hydrophilic silica with larger surface area type presented (i.e.MRF 4 and 5) better magnetorheological fluid characteristics in terms of shear stress, with a high value of dynamic yield stress, and have much-improved sedimentation ratio up to seven days. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.Item Rheological Properties of the In-house Prepared Magneto-rheological Fluid in the Pre-yield Region(Materials and Energy Research Center, 2022) Nagiredla, S.; Joladarashi, S.; Kumar, H.The essence of the present work is to study the rheological properties of the in-house prepared magnetorheological (MR) fluids in the pre-yield region since the rheological properties play a vital role in better understanding of vibration damping capabilities of MR fluids. In the present work, two different compositions of MR fluid samples were prepared with 24 and 30 volume percentages of carbonyl iron (CI) particles. Prepared MR fluid samples contain CI particles as a dispersive medium, silicone oil as a carrier fluid and white lithium grease as an anti-settling agent. The oscillating driving frequency and amplitude strain sweep tests are performed to investigate the rheological properties within the pre-yield region. The influences of driving frequency, strain amplitude, magnetic field and CI particles volume percentage on the rheological properties of the prepared MR fluids were assessed. The linear viscoelastic region of the prepared MR fluid sample was identified and the yield strain obtained was around 0.371%. It is observed that the volume percentage of CI particles in the MR fluid strongly influenced the rheological properties. © 2022 Materials and Energy Research Center. All rights reserved.Item Characterization of an in-house prepared magnetorheological fluid and vibrational behavior of composite sandwich beam with magnetorheological fluid core(Sharif University of Technology, 2023) Nagiredla, S.; Joladarashi, S.; Kumar, H.In this research work, two different compositions of MR fluid samples with 24 and 30 percentage (%) volume fraction of carbonyl iron (CI) particles are prepared. Prepared MR fluid (MRF) samples contain carbonyl iron particles as a dispersive medium, silicone oil as a carrier fluid, and white lithium grease as an anti-settling agent. Influence of oscillating driving frequency, strain amplitude, magnetic field, and the percentage of CI particle on the rheological properties of the MR fluid samples are presented. Storage modulus and loss factor equations are estimated from the rheometry results using a linear regression method. The properties of MR fluid samples are taken to design and model the sandwich beams using ANSYS ACP software, where carbon epoxy composite material is used as the face layer and MR fluid as the core material. Modal, harmonic, and transient analysis studies have been conducted on all the modelled sandwich beams. Influence of MR fluid core material thickness, face layer thickness, CI particle volume percentage in the prepared MR fluid sample, and magnetic field on the vibrational response of the sandwich beams have been presented. Carbon-epoxy composites with an in-house made MRF sandwich beam has shown some significant results in the vibrational response. © 2023 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved.Item An experimental investigation on the matrix dependent rheological properties of MRE(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2024) Poojary, U.R.; Kiran, K.; Hegde, S.; Gangadharan, K.V.The rheological properties of magnetorheological elastomers are influenced by magnetically sensitive fillers and the elastomer matrix. The ability to respond to an external magnetic field is imparted by the fillers, while the load-bearing capability is determined by the matrix type. In this paper, the effect of matrix material on the properties of magnetorhological elastomer is explored experimentally. Carbonyl iron particle content is varied by 0%, 15% and 25% by volume to produce magnetorheological elastomer samples using natural rubber, silicone rubber and nitrile butadiene rubber matrices. Forced transmissibility test approach was employed to evaluate the field induced variations in the dynamic stiffness and loss factor of magnetorheological elastomers. The dynamic stiffness of nitrile butadiene rubber is the highest, while that of silicone rubber is the lowest. Addition of carbonyl iron particles significantly improves stiffness, although these gains depend on the properties of unfilled matrix. The addition of 25% by volume of carbonyl iron particle increased the dynamic stiffness of a silicone rubber matrix based magnetorheological elastomer by 67.78%, while the similar change in magnetorheological elastomer with nitrile butadiene rubber matrix was 38.58%. The field dependent response of magnetorheological elastomers is governed by the matrix and ferromagnetic filler concentration. These qualities are higher in magnetorheological elastomer with a low initial dynamic stiffness matrix and lower in magnetorheological elastomers with a stiffer matrix. © The Author(s) 2023.Item Design and Development of Internal Wound Magnetorheological Elastomer Mount for Structural Vibration Isolation(Springer, 2025) Bhat, S.H.; Saroj, A.A.; Kumar, H.; Arun, M.; Vaidyanathan, R.V.Vibration isolation of structures is crucial for enhancing reliability when subjected to mechanical vibrations and shocks. This research investigates the application of Magneto-Rheological Elastomer (MRE) mounts to mitigate vibrations in a 15 kg structure. A unique MRE mount with internal windings was designed and developed using magneto-static analysis with maximizing magnetic flux density across MRE through the Design of Experiments (DoE). MRE samples were prepared considering 20, 40 and 60% (wt.) carbonyl iron particle (CIP) content within a silicon elastomer matrix and analyzed under a rheometer. Further, these MRE samples were considered for forced vibration studies with structures placed on MRE mounts across different frequencies. Repeated experiments with all in-house MRE samples demonstrated that the MRE mount significantly mitigated vibrations at different currents and compositions. The transmissibility plot revealed a maximum amplitude reduction of 3.73 times for the 60% MRE sample. These results underscore the importance of optimizing MRE mount and CIP content for effective vibration isolation, which is vital for prolonging the operational lifespan of critical structures. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2025.